Data center profile · Mount Pleasant, Wis.

Microsoft Fairwater

Microsoft's AI supercomputer campus on the former Foxconn site in Racine County, Wisconsin

Operating and expanding. Fairwater 1 equipment came online in Apr. 2026 and Microsoft called it fully operational in June 2026, on grid power from We Energies; Fairwater 2 next door is due in 2028.
Fairwater 1 in steel, Aerial photo, March 11, 2024
2 GW
end size Microsoft has stated
Nadella, earnings call, Oct. 29, 2025 (press)
337.6 MW
power demand alleged in a residents' lawsuit
Aug. 2026 complaint; IT vs. total load not stated
~900 MW
grid power needed for phases 1 and 2
reported during the state tariff case, Apr. 2026 (press)
$4.7B
local construction spend, 2024 to 2028
Microsoft estimate
OperatorMicrosoft
CustomerMicrosoft itself (Azure AI training and inference; no outside tenant)
Planned IT capacity2.3 GW at full build-out (our estimate from the company or utility power figure). Epoch AI projects 2,263 MW of IT for the 11-building plan (about 2.7 GW of facility power); Microsoft has stated a 2 GW end size
First building in serviceIn service since April 2026 (about 369 MW of IT capacity live, estimated); Microsoft called it fully operational in June 2026
Next deadline2028: Fairwater 2, next door, is due to come online
The site

Fairwater 1 in steel, in the last sharp picture of the site

Microsoft's land in Mount Pleasant on March 11, 2024, the newest sharp aerial photo of it. Fairwater 1 is the construction site in the bottom-right corner. The white yard to its left is the grid's existing Mount Pleasant substation, and the dark-roofed plant in the middle is Foxconn's, not part of this campus. The Fairwater 2 land around the substation and the land bank at top left were still farm fields. Roofs went on from Sept. 2024, after this picture, so the build-out since then is not visible yet.

Satellite overview123
Aerial photo, March 11, 2024. Pins placed from site coordinates.
  1. 1Fairwater 1
    bottom right: three halls in steel in March 2024
  2. 2Mount Pleasant substation
    the white yard: an existing 345 kV grid substation, not built for Fairwater
  3. 3Fairwater 2 land
    farm fields around the substation; no work yet in March 2024
From orbit

Three halls in steel on what was farmland in 2022

On May 1, 2022 this was farmland crossed by a power line. By March 11, 2024 three steel frames stood on a field of concrete slabs, with foundations for more halls, new stormwater ponds and contractor lots. No roof was on yet. Roofs appeared that September, and no sharp picture has been taken since. Drag to compare.

after
before
◀ Aerial photo, May 1, 2022Aerial photo, March 11, 2024 ▶
From orbit

The big substation was there before Fairwater

This is the Mount Pleasant substation, a 345 kV node of American Transmission Co. It already stands fully built in the oldest sharp picture, from May 1, 2022, before any Fairwater work, and looks essentially the same in this March 11, 2024 picture. It is the grid connection the campus ties into, not something built for it.

The big substation was there before Fairwater
Aerial photo, March 11, 2024
Quarter by quarter

Farmland to five roof planes in under three years

A borrow pit was already working part of the Fairwater 1 parcel in 2023, organized construction began by the Feb. 9, 2024 frame, and the first large roof closed by Oct. 2024. By Oct. 6, 2026 the Fairwater complex shows five roof planes, while the land bank to the northwest has graded pads and aprons but no hall roofs.

Satellite view of the campus, Oct. 6, 2026

Sentinel-2 satellite, 10 m resolution (coarser than the photos above).
Construction from orbit

What the satellites see on the ground

From orbit, ground clearing shows from May 2024, and radar echoes from walls and steel start climbing in March 2024. About 80 acres read as roof by Oct. 2026, half of that by May 2025. That fits our stage: partly in service.

Construction from orbit, as a share of the site: bare ground (left scale); roof and very bright radar echoes (right scale)
02.557.510%020406080%2023Jul2024Jul2025Jul2026Jul▲ Permits▲ Site work▲ Vertical▲ Power onBare groundRoofRadar: bright echoes
02.557.510%020406080%2023202420252026▲ Permits▲ Site work▲ Vertical▲ Power onBare groundRoofRadar: bright echoes
Roof: the highest 5-month median so far (roofs do not come down), dots are single months; bare ground: 3-month median; radar: 2-month median. Contains modified Copernicus Sentinel data 2023–2026.

How this works: Sentinel-2 photographs the ground every few days at 10 m. For each month we keep the cloud-free views over the campus outline (about 1,320 acres) and count the share that reads as bare ground and the share that reads as roof (very bright, not vegetated). Sentinel-1 radar sees through cloud every 6–12 days; walls and steel bounce the signal straight back, so the share of very bright radar echoes rises as buildings go up. Bright gravel pads and fresh concrete can read as roof, and wet or snowy months dip, so we read the trend, not single months. Black ticks mark our stage dates. Data: Copernicus Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2, via the Copernicus Data Space Ecosystem.

Power

Power and the grid

Energized, size not disclosed

We Energies grid, todayRunning; MW alleged
337.6 MW
demand figure from the residents' complaint (allegation) Court filing · Aug. 2026
We Energies grid, phases 1 and 2Tariff approved Apr. 2026
900 MW
utility load need reported for the first two phases; served under the large-customer tariff News report · April 2026
Energized nowApproved
Backup generators (emergency use, not a power supply)

Stated capacity over time

Oct. 29, 2025
2 GW
"scale to two gigawatts alone" (company)
April 24, 2026
~900 MW
grid need for the first two phases (reported)
Aug. 31, 2026
337.6 MW
power demand today (complaint, allegation)
Oct. 15, 2026
369 MW
IT power, modelled (outside estimate)
Oct. 18, 2026
2.7 GW
11 buildings, unverified (outside estimate)

Outside estimate: about 176,391 Blackwell GPUs at the Wisconsin site (Epoch AI, modelled, not company data).

Getting on the grid

Who supplies what, what it costs, and what is still not public.

  1. March 2025
    We Energies files a big-customer tariff
    Application for Very Large Customer and Bespoke Resources tariffs at the state Public Service Commission (docket 6630-TE-113). Utility regulator · April 2026
  2. April 24, 2026
    Regulators approve it, with changes
    Mandatory at 100 MW (down from 500 MW). 15-year minimum term. Big customers pay 100% of the generation built to serve them. see Permits
  3. June 12, 2026
    Utility asks to loosen collateral rules
    Microsoft has a top credit rating and posts no collateral today; We Energies wants to restore an exemption option. News report · June 2026
  4. July 2026
    Transmission billing plan goes to FERC
    ATC proposes that We Energies pay for the campus's full requested transmission capacity for 15 years and pass the cost to Microsoft; over $600M of new lines and substations are planned for this campus (press). see Permits
  5. Aug. 21, 2026
    Microsoft protests
    Microsoft calls the plan's flaws "systemic"; the agreements are pending at FERC (press). News report · Aug. 2026
  6. Not set
    Delivered MW and Fairwater 2 hookup: not disclosed
    No metered load or energization date for the second phase is public.

Grid upgrades

What the grid is building for this load: the asset, its cost, who pays and when it is due to be energized. An upgrade may serve a later phase, not the first building.

Related grid records in the area

What is next door

campus0.13 km · 138 kV substation (unnamed)0.28 km · 138 kV line0.39 km · 345 kV line3.69 km · landfill gas line (not a supply pipe)campus1234
  1. 10.13 km · 138 kV substation (unnamed)
  2. 20.28 km · 138 kV line
  3. 30.39 km · 345 kV line
  4. 43.69 km · landfill gas line (not a supply pipe)

No gas supply line nearby: the only mapped gas pipe is a landfill-gas line. Distances from mapped lines and plants. OpenStreetMap · Oct. 2026

Permits

Permits checklist

1 contested · 3 pending · 7 granted

Risks

What could slow it down

Also on record
Lawsuits

2 cases on record

Money

Money on record

$4.7B
local construction spend
2024 to 2028, Microsoft estimate (first phase announced at $3.3B) Company · June 2026
42%
of new property taxes Microsoft can recoup
TID 5 incentive, capped at $5M a year News report · March 2023
$4.9M/yr
incentive handed back to the village
Microsoft redirects its $5M a year from 2027; $100K to the county development group Local government · Sept. 2026
$1.4B
minimum assessed value guaranteed
Areas II and III, by 2028 Local government · Nov. 2023
$19.75M
property tax paid in 2026
on $1.224B assessed value; the county's largest taxpayer, ahead of Foxconn News report · Oct. 2026
$199.6M
land bought in late 2023
1,048 acres, on top of ~315 acres for just over $50M News report · Dec. 2023
$14.3M
land purchase, 4912 90th St
Espy Farms LLC to Microsoft Corporation, recorded Nov. 2025 (county deed records) County deed records · Nov. 2025
Land assembly

22 recorded land documents for the campus company in county records (Dec. 2023 to May 2026); 18 list a price. 1 sale or conveyance by the campus company or to public bodies is not listed. Parcel counts come from the deed; acreage is not recorded.

Timeline

What happened, and what is due

SitePaper trailConstructionPowerPermitsMoneyLegalUpcoming
  1. April 2023
    Site Microsoft signs development deal with the village and county; buys ~315 acres for just over $50M Local government · April 2023
  2. Sept. 2023
    Money First phase announced as a $3.3B investment Local government · Sept. 2023
  3. Nov. 7, 2023
    Permits First state air construction permit issued State agency · Oct. 2026
  4. Nov. 28, 2023
    Site Village and county approve sale of 1,000+ more acres in TID 5 and rewrite the Foxconn deals News report · Nov. 2023
  5. Jan. 10, 2025
    Permits Air permit for the second phase issued State agency · Oct. 2026
  6. March 2025
    Power We Energies files its large-customer tariff Utility regulator · April 2026
  7. Sept. 15, 2025
    Legal Environmental group sues Racine for the campus's water records; city releases them within days News report · Sept. 2025
  8. Oct. 29, 2025
    Construction Nadella: Fairwater Wisconsin will go online in 2026 and scale to 2 GW News report · Oct. 2025
  9. Nov. 7, 2025
    Money Land purchase, $14.3M: Espy Farms LLC to Microsoft Corporation, 4912 90th St, recorded Nov. 2025 (county deed records) County deed records · Nov. 2025
  10. Jan. 26, 2026
    Site Village Board approves up to 15 more buildings, ~9M sq ft News report · Jan. 2026
  11. April 15, 2026
    Construction Equipment powers up; Microsoft blames a tonal hum on cooling fans Company · April 2026
  12. April 24, 2026
    Power State regulators approve the large-customer tariff, with changes Utility regulator · April 2026
  13. June 12, 2026
    Permits Air operating permit revision F05 and construction permit 25-MIN-113 issued State agency · Oct. 2026
  14. June 23, 2026
    Construction Microsoft says Fairwater 1 is fully operational Company · June 2026
  15. July 1, 2026
    Legal Neighbors living within 1.5 miles file a noise class action Court filing · July 2026
  16. Aug. 18, 2026
    Permits Microsoft applies for expansion air permits (26-MIN-096 and FESOP F06) State agency · Oct. 2026
  17. Aug. 21, 2026
    Power Microsoft protests the utilities' transmission billing plan at FERC (press) News report · Aug. 2026
  18. Aug. 31, 2026
    Legal An amended complaint redraws the proposed class by road and rail boundaries instead of a 1.5-mile radius Court filing · Aug. 2026
  19. Sept. 22, 2026
    Legal Settlement in principle in the noise case; 90-day stay requested Court filing · Sept. 2026
  20. Sept. 28, 2026
    Money Microsoft gives its $5M-a-year incentive back to the community Local government · Sept. 2026
  21. Oct. 12, 2026
    Site Durand Ave expansion cut from 9 to 7 buildings; projected taxable value down ~24% News report · Oct. 2026
  22. Dec. 2026
    Legal The requested 90-day stay would end about late Dec., if granted; the settlement is not yet final Court filing · Sept. 2026
  23. 2028
    Construction Due in 2028: Fairwater 2 completion Company · June 2026
  24. Jan. 2028
    Money Due by 2028: $1.4B minimum assessed value Local government · Nov. 2023
Construction activity

Building activity by quarter

Since March 2022: 24 FAA filings (Sept. 2023 to Sept. 2026): tallest permanent transmission line tower 152 ft (filed Feb. 2026) and tallest crane 410 ft (Jan. 2026); 2 OSHA inspections; and 71 satellite captures.

FAA filings
OSHA visits
Satellite
’22
’23
’24
’25
’26
Dot size: records in the quarter, largest = 12. Two-digit years mark each first quarter.
The buildings

Specs

318.64 acres
Fairwater 1 parcel, owned by Microsoft
State agency · Oct. 2026
1,345 acres
Microsoft land in Mount Pleasant, largest owner in the district
News report · Dec. 2023
1.2M sq ft
three buildings in phase 1 (complaint, allegation)
Court filing · Aug. 2026
234,000 gal/day
peak-day water use, phase 1
News report · Sept. 2025
702,000 gal/day
peak-day water use, full build-out
News report · Sept. 2025
8.44M gal/yr
average annual water use, full build-out (city projection)
News report · March 2026
81,000 gal/day
wastewater, phase 1 (243,000 at full build-out)
News report · Sept. 2025
~550 jobs
full-time staff on site, rising to about 800
Company · June 2026
5.88M sq ft
revised plan for the Durand Ave expansion next door: 7 data center buildings
News report · Oct. 2026
Who is involved

Owners, partners and builders

Owner
  • Microsoft: owner, operator and only user
  • Satya Nadella: CEO, set the 2 GW target
Local government
  • Village of Mount Pleasant: sold land, sponsors TID 5
  • Racine County: co-signer of the development deals
  • City of Racine: Lake Michigan water supplier
Power
  • We Energies: serving utility
  • American Transmission Co.: transmission
  • Public Service Commission of Wisconsin: rate regulator
Site history and builders
  • Foxconn (Hon Hai): earlier developer of the site
  • Creuziger Farms: sold 407 acres for $76M
  • The Walsh Group: general contractor
Opponents
  • Ostergaard plaintiffs: neighbors suing over noise
  • Midwest Environmental Advocates and Milwaukee Riverkeeper: water records
Builders on site
  • C.D. Smith Construction, Inc.: contractor on site per OSHA inspection 347856254
  • Ams Industries, Inc.: contractor on site per OSHA inspection 348314907
  • Osha Referral inspection of C.D. Smith Construction: 1 OSHA inspection
Still unknown

Open questions

Where this comes from

605 records from 65 documents

Drawn from news reports, state agency records, public and commercial datasets, court filings, satellite captures, company statements, local government records, utility regulator dockets, securities filings and our own analysis, each kept with its date and source. The bar shows documents by type.

News report 27State agency 11Dataset 9Court filing 8Satellite 4Company 4Local government 4Utility regulator 2SEC filing 1Analysis 1
Evidence

Every quote behind this page

Grade key: A = the primary record itself (permit, filing, exhibit) · B = a dated official statement · C = news reporting. Map distances are our own measurements on OpenStreetMap and carry no grade. Allegations in lawsuits are marked as such in the quotes.

Power (36)
  • WEC Energy Group investor update (8-K Ex. 99.1, filed Sept. 4, 2026): 2.6 GW of demand forecast through 2030 along the I-94 Milwaukee-Chicago corridor, with the Microsoft data center as the named driver ($20B+ announced; 15
    “2.6 GW of Demand Forecasted through 2030 Robust demand along I-94 Milwaukee to Chicago corridor: Microsoft Data Center”
    SEC filing · Sept. 2026 · grade A
  • Name: Microsoft Fairwater
    “With our Fairwater datacenter now fully operational, Wisconsin is now home to the world's most powerful supercomputer”
    Company · June 2026 · grade A
  • Stage: operating, first Fairwater facility complete and fully operational; second facility under construction; Durand/International Drive expansion parcels in planning/grading
    “The facility is now fully operational, marking a major milestone in the company's ongoing investment in Southeast Wisconsin”
    Company · June 2026 · grade A
  • Phase 1: Fairwater 1 (MKE03), first facility on the 315-acre Area III parcel; construction complete and fully operational Jun 23, 2026; nearly 550 full-time employees on site
    “Currently, there are nearly 550 full-time employees on-site supporting this first facility”
    Company · June 2026 · grade A
  • Phase 2: Fairwater 2 (MKE04), second facility immediately adjacent to the first; under construction; completion scheduled 2028
    “Construction of Microsoft's second facility in Mount Pleasant immediately adjacent to the first is ongoing”
    Company · June 2026 · grade A
  • Microsoft announced construction complete and first Fairwater facility fully operational (equipment online/startup in April 2026)
    “The facility is now fully operational”
    Company · June 2026 · grade A
  • campus full-time employment to grow from nearly 550 to around 800 when it opens
    “This facility is scheduled to be completed in 2028”
    Company · June 2026 · grade A
  • Utility: We Energies (Wisconsin Electric Power Company)
    “We Energies submitted an application seeking approval of its Very Large Customer and Bespoke Resources Tariffs”
    Utility regulator · April 2026 · grade A
  • Rate class: Very Large Customer (VLC), mandatory at >=100 MW
    “The Commission lowered the energy demand threshold for tariff eligibility from 500 MW to 100 MW”
    Utility regulator · April 2026 · grade A
  • Minimum bill terms: 15-year minimum initial term; VLCs pay 100% of generation built to serve the load (Full-Benefits model); transmission cost-shift protections
    “The Commission extended the VLC tariff minimum initial term length to 15 years”
    Utility regulator · April 2026 · grade A
  • utility tariff: application filed
    “In March 2025, We Energies submitted an application seeking approval of its Very Large Customer and Bespoke Resources Tariffs”
    Utility regulator · April 2026 · grade A
  • utility tariff: approved with modifications
    “The Commission lowered the energy demand threshold for tariff eligibility from 500 MW to 100 MW”
    Utility regulator · April 2026 · grade A
  • Nearest power line: 138 kV at 0.28 km
    Measured on OpenStreetMap map data.
    OpenStreetMap · Oct. 2026
  • Nearest 345 kV line: 345 kV at 0.39 km
    Measured on OpenStreetMap map data.
    OpenStreetMap · Oct. 2026
  • Nearest substation: unnamed 138 kV at 0.13 km
    Measured on OpenStreetMap map data.
    OpenStreetMap · Oct. 2026
  • Nearest gas pipeline: Republic Services 'Transmission Line' at 3.69 km (landfill gas line, not a supply lateral)
    Measured on OpenStreetMap map data.
    OpenStreetMap · Oct. 2026
  • Utility service: 337.6 MW
    “337.6 MW demand; possible 900 MW capacity later (allegations); Doc. 20 p. 5 ¶24”
    Court filing · Aug. 2026 · grade B
  • Interconnection status: Energized - Fairwater 1 fully operational Jun 23, 2026 (Microsoft); Fairwater 2 under construction for 2028 completion; We Energies service under the PSC-approved Very Large Customer tariff (appro
    “The facility is now fully operational, marking a major milestone in the company’s ongoing investment in Southeast Wisconsin.”
    Company · June 2026 · grade B
  • Grid upgrade due to be energized by: March 2025
    “The Nimbus Substation was energized in March 2025”
    Company · Nov. 2025 · grade B
  • Grid upgrade cost tied to this load: 780500000 USD
    “Estimated cost: $780.5 million - Proposed In Service Date: 2025 - 2028 - Projects have either been approved through MISO's EPR or will be approved in MTEP 25”
    Company · Nov. 2025 · grade B
  • Full MTEP25 Racine County DIC family for this campus's load: 50165 Stratus Substation $68.5M ISD 1/1/2027 (EPR), 50166 Mount Pleasant Substation Expansion $117.0M ISD 1/1/2027 (EPR), 50167 Jupiter $295.0M (EPR), 50168 We
    “*50165 Racine County, DIC, Stratus Substation Load Growth 1/1/2027 $68.5”
    Dataset · Aug. 2025 · grade B
  • Grid operator: MISO
    “Utility-service load; no MISO generator interconnection queue entry (utility-service load, not generator interconnection)”
    State agency · Oct. 2026 · grade C
  • Power plan: grid
    “Utility service build by We Energies; no on-site prime generation; emergency diesel backup only”
    Analysis · Oct. 2026 · grade C
  • Construction stage: operating, Fairwater 1 complete Jun 23, 2026; Fairwater 2 under construction immediately to the west, expected completion 2028
    “A second facility is under construction immediately to the west with an expected completion in 2028”
    News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
  • September–October 2026 coverage confirms no stage change: Fairwater 1 operating with more than 550 workers; Fairwater 2 under construction immediately to the west, expected completion 2028
    “A second facility is under construction immediately to the west with an expected completion in 2028”
    News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
  • IT capacity: 369 MW
    “Epoch AI fills the gap with modelled estimates: 176,391 Blackwell GPUs and 369 MW of IT power in Wisconsin”
    News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
  • Aliases: Fairwater AI datacenter; Mount Pleasant Area 1; MKE1
    “Microsoft's first Mount Pleasant building, branded Fairwater, came online in June 2026 on 315 acres”
    News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
  • Buildings: Durand Ave plan revised Oct 2026: 7 data center buildings + 1 storage building + 2 utility substations (from 9); village has approved up to 15 data centers village-wide
    “Microsoft plans to construct seven data center buildings, one storage building and two utility substations”
    News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
  • Paper or real: Permitted and powered: first facility operating with DNR FESOP; Phase 2 permitted (24-MIN-238, F05); paper: Durand/International Drive plans revised Oct 2026 with taxable value cut ~$1.9B
    “reducing the parcel's projected taxable value by about 24 percent, or nearly $1.9 billion”
    News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
  • large load interconnection request: transmission agreements filed Jul 2026; Microsoft protest filed Aug 21, 2026; pending at FERC
    “Under ATC’s proposal submitted to federal regulators in July, We Energies would pay the total cost of transmission capacity a data center requests”
    News report · Aug. 2026 · grade C
  • utility tariff: utility petition to reopen (collateral/guarantee rules)
    “We Energies wants regulators to restore its exemption option and reduce financial support requirements for highly creditworthy companies”
    News report · June 2026 · grade C
  • Utility service: 900 MW
    “the first two phases of Microsoft's data center campus in Mount Pleasant will need around 900 megawatts”
    News report · April 2026 · grade C
  • large load interconnection request: VLC rate plan for large-load customers unanimously approved
    “The Public Service Commission (PSC) of Wisconsin on April 24 unanimously approved an electricity rate plan for data centers and other large-load customers in We Energies’ service territory.”
    News report · April 2026 · grade C
  • Stated campus size: 2,000 MW
    “Nadella said Fairwater in Wisconsin 'will go online next year and scale to two gigawatts alone' (Oct 29, 2025 earnings call)”
    News report · Oct. 2025 · grade C
  • Nadella earnings call: Fairwater Wisconsin 'will go online next year and scale to two gigawatts alone'
    “Fairwater in Wisconsin 'will go online next year and scale to two gigawatts alone'”
    News report · Oct. 2025 · grade C
  • On-site power technology: emergency backup diesel generators (no prime-power generation)
    “Alleged noise sources in lawsuit include diesel generators and HVAC (chillers, cooling towers, AHUs, condenser fans)”
    Dataset · Oct. 2025 · grade C
Money and contracts (52)
  • Parcel assessed value: 858948200 USD
    “CNTASSDVALUE $858,948,200 (land $58,948,200, improvements $800,000,000); ESTFMKVALUE $880,136,000; tax roll 2025; layer LOADDATE 3/12/2026”
    State agency · Oct. 2026 · grade A
  • development agreement: incentive redirection/forfeiture 4900000 to Village (tax relief + capital costs, from 2027); 100000 to RCEDC
    “Microsoft has made the decision to redirect its $5 million annual development incentive... $4.9 million will go to the Village of Mount Pleasant”
    Local government · Sept. 2026 · grade A
  • Microsoft became eligible for and redirected its $5M/yr development incentive: $4.9M to Village for tax relief/capital, $100K to RCEDC, from 2027
    “Microsoft has made the decision to redirect its $5 million annual development incentive”
    Local government · Sept. 2026 · grade A
  • land purchase: price 50000000 USD (>50M for 315 acres)
    “to purchase approximately 315 acres of Area III land for slightly more than $50,000,000”
    Local government · Sept. 2026 · grade A
  • Stated capital cost: 4700000000 USD
    “Microsoft estimates that the company will have spent $4.7 billion between 2024 and 2028 locally on hyperscale construction”
    Company · June 2026 · grade A
  • Tenants: Microsoft (owner-operator; Azure cloud and AI training/inference workloads)
    “With our Fairwater datacenter now fully operational, Wisconsin is now home to the world’s most powerful supercomputer”
    Company · June 2026 · grade A
  • Tenant status: owner-occupied, self-tenanted by Microsoft; no third-party tenant
    “Microsoft Corp. on Tuesday announced that it has completed construction of its first datacenter facility in the Village of Mount Pleasant”
    Company · June 2026 · grade A
  • utility tariff: mandatory service customers >=100 MW; 15-year minimum term; pay 100% of generation built to serve load; transmission cost-shift protection
    “The Commission extended the VLC tariff minimum initial term length to 15 years... lowered the energy demand threshold from 500 MW to 100 MW”
    Utility regulator · April 2026 · grade A
  • compute services (end customer): scope not named share of capacity (no share stated by Microsoft)
    “which all work together to support OpenAI, the Microsoft AI Superintelligence Team, Copilot capabilities and other leading AI workloads.”
    Company · Nov. 2025 · grade A
  • development agreement: minimum assessed value 1400000000 USD
    “Microsoft will guarantee a minimum assessed value of $1.4 billion on its investments in Areas II and III, by 2028”
    Local government · Nov. 2023 · grade A
  • Stated capital cost: 3300000000 USD
    “construction of the first phase of its data center in 2024, representing a 3.3-billion-dollar investment”
    Local government · Sept. 2023 · grade A
  • Developer: Microsoft
    “In April of 2023, Microsoft Corporation signed a development agreement with the Village and Racine County”
    Local government · April 2023 · grade A
  • Land price: 50000000 USD
    “to purchase approximately 315 acres of Area III land for slightly more than $50,000,000”
    Local government · April 2023 · grade A
  • electric service: service basis, no campus-specific ESA (finding) Service is under the PSC-approved Very Large Customer tariff (docket 6630-TE-113); no Microsoft-specific individual contract rate / ESA docket for Mount
    “The Commission extended the VLC tariff minimum initial term length to 15 years”
    Utility regulator · Oct. 2026 · grade B
  • Land purchase (recorded deed): contract value USD
    “Recorded: May 28, 2026 · Grantee: MICROSOFT CORPORATION · Parcel number: 151 032220023000 · Address: 12123 LOUIS SORENSON RD · City: MOUNT PLEASANT”
    County deed records · May 2026 · grade B
  • Land purchase (recorded deed): contract value 24056700 USD
    “Recorded: Nov. 7, 2025 · Price: $24,056,700 · Grantor: WEST ROAD KAINY Y PAPE INVESTMENTS · Grantee: MICROSOFT CORPORATION · Address: 000 ADDRESS EXCEPTION · City: CITY EXCEPTION”
    County deed records · Nov. 2025 · grade B
  • Land purchase (recorded deed): contract value 14266100 USD
    “Recorded: Nov. 7, 2025 · Price: $14,266,100 · Grantor: ESPY FARMS LLC · Grantee: MICROSOFT CORPORATION · Parcel number: 151 032234003000 · Address: 4912 90TH ST · City: MOUNT PLEASANT”
    County deed records · Nov. 2025 · grade B
  • Land purchase (recorded deed): contract value 3374200 USD
    “Recorded: June 18, 2025 · Price: $3,374,200 · Mortgage1amount: 2193178 · Grantor: CAMADA55 LLC · Grantee: ESPY FARMS LLC · Parcel number: 151 032234003000 · Address: 4912 90TH ST · City: MOUNT PLEASANT”
    County deed records · June 2025 · grade B
  • Land purchase (recorded deed): contract value USD
    “Recorded: June 13, 2025 · Grantor: LOUISE A AND RANDALL L BORGARDT REV · Grantee: MICROSOFT CORPORATION · Parcel number: 151 032219001000 · Address: 12620 LOUIS SORENSON RD · City: MOUNT PLEASANT”
    County deed records · June 2025 · grade B
  • Land purchase (recorded deed): contract value 905000 USD
    “Recorded: Oct. 17, 2024 · Price: $905,000 · Grantor: FOX · Grantee: MICROSOFT CORPORATION · Parcel number: 151 032219016000 · Address: 12845 LOUIS SORENSON RD · City: MOUNT PLEASANT”
    County deed records · Oct. 2024 · grade B
  • Land purchase (recorded deed): contract value 14318600 USD
    “Recorded: Sept. 27, 2024 · Price: $14,318,600 · Grantor: ZENNER · Grantee: MICROSOFT CORPORATION · Parcel number: 151 032219002000 · Address: 12804 LOUIS SORENSON RD · City: MOUNT PLEASANT”
    County deed records · Sept. 2024 · grade B
  • Land purchase (recorded deed): contract value 7339000 USD
    “Recorded: Sept. 11, 2024 · Price: $7,339,000 · Grantor: BORGARDT · Grantee: MICROSOFT CORPORATION · Parcel number: 151 032219006010 · Address: 12800 LOUIS SORENSON RD · City: MOUNT PLEASANT”
    County deed records · Sept. 2024 · grade B
  • Land purchase (recorded deed): contract value 43462600 USD
    “Recorded: Sept. 11, 2024 · Price: $43,462,600 · Grantor: PETER ZENNER FAMILY FARM LLC · Grantee: MICROSOFT CORPORATION · Parcel number: 151 032220023000 · Address: 12123 LOUIS SORENSON RD · City: MOUNT PLEASANT”
    County deed records · Sept. 2024 · grade B
  • Land purchase (recorded deed): contract value 261000 USD
    “Recorded: Sept. 11, 2024 · Price: $261,000 · Grantor: BORGARDT · Grantee: MICROSOFT CORPORATION · Parcel number: 151 032219001000 · Address: 12620 LOUIS SORENSON RD · City: MOUNT PLEASANT”
    County deed records · Sept. 2024 · grade B
  • Land purchase (recorded deed): contract value 1500000 USD
    “Recorded: Sept. 9, 2024 · Price: $1,500,000 · Grantor: LEONARD · Grantee: MICROSOFT CORPORATION · Parcel number: 151 032219013100 · Address: 2635 N SYLVANIA AVE · City: STURTEVANT”
    County deed records · Sept. 2024 · grade B
  • Land purchase (recorded deed): contract value 900000 USD
    “Recorded: Sept. 4, 2024 · Price: $900,000 · Grantor: SMITH · Grantee: MICROSOFT CORPORATION · Parcel number: 151 032219017000 · Address: 12827 LOUIS SORENSON RD · City: MOUNT PLEASANT”
    County deed records · Sept. 2024 · grade B
  • Land purchase (recorded deed): contract value 5727600 USD
    “Recorded: Aug. 29, 2024 · Price: $5,727,600 · Grantor: KITELINGER · Grantee: MICROSOFT CORPORATION · Parcel number: 151 032219015000 · Address: 13231 LOUIS SORENSON RD · City: STURTEVANT”
    County deed records · Aug. 2024 · grade B
  • Land purchase (recorded deed): contract value 1875000 USD
    “Recorded: Aug. 14, 2024 · Price: $1,875,000 · Grantor: KOLBOW · Grantee: MICROSOFT CORPORATION · Parcel number: 151 032219003000 · Address: 12600 LOUIS SORENSON RD · City: MOUNT PLEASANT”
    County deed records · Aug. 2024 · grade B
  • Land purchase (recorded deed): contract value 12750000 USD
    “Recorded: Aug. 13, 2024 · Price: $12,750,000 · Grantor: HRIBAR · Grantee: MICROSOFT CORPORATION · Parcel number: 151 032219008040 · Address: 1821 N SYLVANIA AVE · City: STURTEVANT”
    County deed records · Aug. 2024 · grade B
  • Land purchase (recorded deed): contract value 800000 USD
    “Recorded: July 25, 2024 · Price: $800,000 · Grantor: HOLMES · Grantee: MICROSOFT CORPORATION · Parcel number: 151 032219021000 · Address: OLD HWY 11 · City: STURTEVANT”
    County deed records · July 2024 · grade B
  • Land purchase (recorded deed): contract value 12400000 USD
    “Recorded: July 25, 2024 · Price: $12,400,000 · Grantor: AUDREY L SCHAEFER FAMILY LLC · Grantee: MICROSOFT CORPORATION · Parcel number: 151 032219006005 · Address: LOUIS SORENSON RD · City: STURTEVANT”
    County deed records · July 2024 · grade B
  • Land purchase (recorded deed): contract value 2264000 USD
    “Recorded: July 24, 2024 · Price: $2,264,000 · Grantor: ROBERT E FUNK FARMS INC · Grantee: MICROSOFT CORPORATION · Parcel number: 151 032219013200 · Address: LOUIS SORENSON RD · City: STURTEVANT”
    County deed records · July 2024 · grade B
  • Land purchase (recorded deed): contract value 11776000 USD
    “Recorded: July 24, 2024 · Price: $11,776,000 · Grantor: BRUCE W AND VICKI L FUNK TRUST · Grantee: MICROSOFT CORPORATION · Parcel number: 151 032219019000 · Address: OLD HWY 11 · City: STURTEVANT”
    County deed records · July 2024 · grade B
  • Land purchase (recorded deed): contract value 8800000 USD
    “Recorded: May 13, 2024 · Price: $8,800,000 · Grantor: SRS INDUSTRIAL LLC · Grantee: MICROSOFT CORPORATION · Parcel number: 151 032219023000 · Address: 12721 LOUIS SORENSON RD · City: MOUNT PLEASANT”
    County deed records · May 2024 · grade B
  • Land purchase (recorded deed): contract value USD
    “Recorded: Dec. 19, 2023 · Grantor: THE VILLAGE OF MOUNT PLEASANTA · Grantee: MICROSOFT CORPORATION · Parcel number: 151 032230021004 · Address: 000 ADDRESS EXCEPTION · City: CITY EXCEPTION”
    County deed records · Dec. 2023 · grade B
  • Land purchase (recorded deed): contract value 76000000 USD
    “Recorded: Dec. 19, 2023 · Price: $76,000,000 · Grantor: CREUZIGER FARMS INC · Grantee: MICROSOFT CORPORATION · Address: 000 ADDRESS EXCEPTION · City: CITY EXCEPTION”
    County deed records · Dec. 2023 · grade B
  • Land purchase (recorded deed): contract value USD
    “Recorded: Dec. 19, 2023 · Grantor: VILLAGE OF MOUNT PLEASANT · Grantee: MICROSOFT CORPORATION · Address: 000 ADDRESS EXCEPTION · City: CITY EXCEPTION”
    County deed records · Dec. 2023 · grade B
  • development agreement: land sale proceeds allocation 16M retained by Village (Foxconn make-up payments); 24M county bonds; 12M Wisconn Valley Way; 12M to County; 36M reserve for municipal debt USD
    “Proceeds from the sale of the Village-owned land to Microsoft will flow as follows... $36 million will be held in reserve”
    Local government · Nov. 2023 · grade B
  • Assessed value: 1224000000 USD
    “Microsoft passed Foxconn to become Racine County's largest taxpayer in 2026 when it paid roughly $19.75 million on $1.224 billion of assessed property value”
    News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
  • Square feet: 5878080 sq ft
    “the total square footage has gone up to 5,878,080 square-feet, which is roughly 400,000-square feet larger than the original plan”
    News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
  • Durand Avenue campus cut from 9 to 7 data center buildings (larger buildings; total 5,878,080 sq ft); projected taxable value down ~24% (~$1.9B); Plan Commission review Oct 14, 2026
    “cut the number of buildings planned for the 791-acre Durand Avenue portion... to seven from nine”
    News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
  • Microsoft became Racine County's largest taxpayer in 2026: ~$19.75M property tax on $1.224B assessed value
    “Microsoft is Racine County's largest taxpayer paying roughly $19.75 million in property taxes in 2026”
    News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
  • development agreement: development incentive cap 5000000 USD/yr
    “Microsoft is eligible for up to $5 million as a development incentive if the company has created a certain level of property value”
    News report · Sept. 2026 · grade C
  • utility transmission agreement: cost allocation We Energies pays ATC for the data center's projected transmission capacity, passes cost to Microsoft; 15-year arrangement; FERC approval pending
    “ATC and We Energies asked FERC earlier this month to approve a one-off transmission billing plan for Microsoft's Mount Pleasant data center”
    News report · Aug. 2026 · grade C
  • utility tariff: collateral/financial guarantee Microsoft (AAA) does not have to post collateral under the current framework; We Energies petitioned June 2026 to loosen guarantee rules
    “The tech giant holds the highest possible credit rating and does not have to post collateral under the current framework”
    News report · June 2026 · grade C
  • water supply agreement: service City of Racine water utility provides Lake Michigan water to the campus
    “Racine's water utility will provide Lake Michigan water for the data center campus under an agreement with Racine and Mount Pleasant”
    News report · Sept. 2025 · grade C
  • Land price: 199600000 USD
    “$63.2M for 400 acres near Braun Road, $36.4M for 241 acres on County Hwy H (both from the village), plus 407 acres from Creuziger Farms for $76M”
    News report · Dec. 2023 · grade C
  • land purchase: price 199600000 USD (63.2M + 36.4M + 76M)
    “Microsoft now owns a total of 1,345 acres in Mount Pleasant, making it the largest landowner in the district”
    News report · Dec. 2023 · grade C
  • General contractor: The Walsh Group (Walsh Construction), Chicago
    “Chicago-based Walsh Construction Company is already building part of the data center”
    News report · Nov. 2023 · grade C
  • development agreement: minimum buildings on acquired land 4 buildings
    “the company must construct a minimum of four buildings on the entirety of land it seeks to acquire”
    News report · Nov. 2023 · grade C
  • development agreement: development incentive mechanism 42% of annual incremental property taxes paid on new construction, capped at $5M/yr
    “Microsoft can recoup 42 percent of the annual incremental property taxes it pays on the project, capped at $5 million per year”
    News report · March 2023 · grade C
  • development agreement: village repurchase right Village retains right to repurchase land at original per-acre price if Microsoft fails to meet project deadlines/building standards
    “If the company fails to meet project deadlines, the village and county could repurchase the land being sold at the original per-acre price”
    News report · March 2023 · grade C
Permits and government (54)
  • Facility classified Synthetic Minor under Title V (FESOP) on the WARP tracking p: facility classification
    “Facility Information for 252302490 Microsoft Mount Pleasant Data Centers”
    State agency · Oct. 2026 · grade A
  • MICROSOFT CORPORATION: permit record in radius search
    “MICROSOFT CORPORATION - MKE 3B DATA CENTER; AIRIDs=WI0000005510130249”
    State agency · Oct. 2026 · grade A
  • FOXCONN, 12001 Braun Road, Mount Pleasant WI; the only large-project record in t: permit record in radius search
    “FOXCONN; 12001 BRAUN ROAD”
    State agency · Oct. 2026 · grade A
  • air construction: decision (issued)
    “23-DMM-104 Construction 08/17/2023 10/04/2023 10/07/2023 11/07/2023 Active”
    State agency · Oct. 2026 · grade A
  • air construction: decision (issued)
    “24-DMM-092 Construction 06/03/2024 07/20/2024 09/19/2024 11/11/2024 Active”
    State agency · Oct. 2026 · grade A
  • air construction: decision (issued)
    “24-MIN-238 Construction 09/27/2024 10/26/2024 11/19/2024 01/10/2025 Active”
    State agency · Oct. 2026 · grade A
  • air construction: decision (issued)
    “25-MIN-113 Construction 11/11/2025 12/24/2025 03/24/2026 06/12/2026 Active”
    State agency · Oct. 2026 · grade A
  • air operation (FESOP): issued
    “25230249A-F05 FESOP 11/11/2025 12/24/2025 03/24/2026 06/12/2026 Active”
    State agency · Oct. 2026 · grade A
  • air construction: applied (pending)
    “26-MIN-096 Construction 08/18/2026 09/07/2026 Requested”
    State agency · Oct. 2026 · grade A
  • air operation (FESOP): applied (pending)
    “25230249A-F06 FESOP 08/18/2026 09/07/2026 Requested”
    State agency · Oct. 2026 · grade A
  • WI DNR: 26-MIN-096 construction permit + FESOP revision F06 requested for FID 252302490, expansion permitting continues after first facility operational
    “26-MIN-096 Construction 08/18/2026 Requested; 25230249A-F06 FESOP 08/18/2026 Requested”
    State agency · Oct. 2026 · grade A
  • FESOP permit, FID 252302490 (Microsoft Mount Pleasant Data Centers, 4800 90th St: application (requested, pending)
    “25230249A-F06 | FESOP | App Received 08/18/2026 | Status Requested”
    State agency · Aug. 2026 · grade A
  • Construction permit, FID 252302490 (Microsoft Mount Pleasant Data Centers, 4800 : application (requested, pending)
    “26-MIN-096 | Construction | App Received 08/18/2026 | Status Requested”
    State agency · Aug. 2026 · grade A
  • Construction permit, FID 252302490 (Microsoft Mount Pleasant Data Centers, 4800 : decision
    “25-MIN-113 | Construction | App Received 11/11/2025 | Decision 06/12/2026 | Active”
    State agency · June 2026 · grade A
  • FESOP permit, FID 252302490 (Microsoft Mount Pleasant Data Centers, 4800 90th St: decision
    “25230249A-F05 | FESOP | App Received 11/11/2025 | Decision 06/12/2026 | Active”
    State agency · June 2026 · grade A
  • Public Service Commission of Wisconsin: Decision in docket 6630-TE-113 (We Energies VLC tariff)
    “The Commission discussed this case during its April 24, 2026 open meeting”
    Utility regulator · April 2026 · grade A
  • Construction permit, FID 252302490 (Microsoft Mount Pleasant Data Centers, 4800 : decision
    “24-MIN-238 | Construction | App Received 09/27/2024 | Decision 01/10/2025 | Active”
    State agency · Jan. 2025 · grade A
  • Construction permit, FID 252302490 (Microsoft Mount Pleasant Data Centers, 4800 : decision
    “24-DMM-092 | Construction | App Received 06/03/2024 | Decision 11/11/2024 | Active”
    State agency · Nov. 2024 · grade A
  • OSHA Referral inspection of C.D. SMITH CONSTRUCTION, INC. (general contractor) at 5230 90TH STREET, MOUNT PLEASANT, WI 53403; activity 347856254
    “SMITH CONSTRUCTION, INC.”
    State agency · Oct. 2024 · grade A
  • FAA OE/AAA archive case: Determined - No Hazard
    “ASN 2024-AGL-11865-OE: MKE16, Building, 60 ft AGL, 786 ft AMSL, 42.672725,-87.91193333, Determined - No Hazard, submitted 2024-08-30”
    FAA · Aug. 2024 · grade A
  • FAA OE/AAA archive case: Determined - No Hazard
    “ASN 2024-AGL-11866-OE: MKE17, Building, 94 ft AGL, 820 ft AMSL, 42.67300278,-87.91361389, Determined - No Hazard, submitted 2024-08-30”
    FAA · Aug. 2024 · grade A
  • FAA OE/AAA archive case: Determined - No Hazard
    “ASN 2024-AGL-11867-OE: MKE16 CUP, Building, 90 ft AGL, 816 ft AMSL, 42.67270278,-87.90978056, Determined - No Hazard, submitted 2024-08-30”
    FAA · Aug. 2024 · grade A
  • FAA OE/AAA archive case: Determined - No Hazard
    “ASN 2024-AGL-10984-OE: Liebherr 1000ECH-Crane 3, Tower Crane, 332 ft AGL, 1056 ft AMSL, 42.67131667,-87.90910556, Determined - No Hazard, submitted 2024-08-08”
    FAA · Aug. 2024 · grade A
  • FAA OE/AAA archive case: Determined - No Hazard
    “ASN 2024-AGL-10985-OE: Liebherr 1000ECH-Crane 2, Tower Crane, 332 ft AGL, 1056 ft AMSL, 42.67298056,-87.90979444, Determined - No Hazard, submitted 2024-08-08”
    FAA · Aug. 2024 · grade A
  • FAA OE/AAA archive case: Determined - No Hazard
    “ASN 2024-AGL-10986-OE: Liebherr 1000ECH-Crane 1, Tower Crane, 332 ft AGL, 1056 ft AMSL, 42.67253056,-87.91212778, Determined - No Hazard, submitted 2024-08-08”
    FAA · Aug. 2024 · grade A
  • FAA OE/AAA archive case: Determined - No Hazard
    “ASN 2024-AGL-10988-OE: Liebherr 630ECH-Crane 1, Tower Crane, 284 ft AGL, 1008 ft AMSL, 42.67129167,-87.91112778, Determined - No Hazard, submitted 2024-08-08”
    FAA · Aug. 2024 · grade A
  • FAA OE/AAA archive case: Determined - No Hazard
    “ASN 2024-AGL-10999-OE: Westside Zone, Fixed Crane, 328 ft AGL, 1054 ft AMSL, 42.67194444,-87.91361111, Determined - No Hazard, submitted 2024-08-08”
    FAA · Aug. 2024 · grade A
  • FAA OE/AAA archive case: Determined - No Hazard
    “ASN 2024-AGL-1235-OE: 300TN Crawler, Crane, 260 ft AGL, 971 ft AMSL, 42.67294444,-87.89711111, Determined - No Hazard, submitted 2024-01-26”
    FAA · Jan. 2024 · grade A
  • Construction permit, FID 252302490 (Microsoft Mount Pleasant Data Centers, 4800 : decision
    “23-DMM-104 | Construction | App Received 08/17/2023 | Decision 11/07/2023 | Active”
    State agency · Nov. 2023 · grade A
  • FAA OE/AAA archive case: Determined - No Hazard
    “ASN 2023-AGL-18809-OE: MKE03, Building, 68 ft AGL, 779 ft AMSL, 42.67399167,-87.89816667, Determined - No Hazard, submitted 2023-09-06”
    FAA · Sept. 2023 · grade A
  • FAA OE/AAA archive case: Determined - No Hazard
    “ASN 2023-AGL-18810-OE: MKE03 CUP, Building, 90 ft AGL, 801 ft AMSL, 42.67393889,-87.90065278, Determined - No Hazard, submitted 2023-09-06”
    FAA · Sept. 2023 · grade A
  • FAA obstruction evaluation (7460-1): Determined - No Hazard
    “ASN 2026-AGL-14240-OE: MLC 300, Mobile Crane, 350 ft AGL, 1108 ft AMSL, 42.69604,-87.92944, Determined - No Hazard, submitted 2026-09-16”
    FAA · Sept. 2026 · grade B
  • FAA obstruction evaluation (7460-1): Determined - No Hazard
    “ASN 2026-AGL-4941-OE: 159506, Transmission Line Tower, 135 ft AGL, 857 ft AMSL, 42.67990,-87.91006, Determined - No Hazard, submitted 2026-03-25”
    FAA · March 2026 · grade B
  • FAA obstruction evaluation (7460-1): Determined - No Hazard
    “ASN 2026-AGL-4321-OE: 159471, Transmission Line Tower, 140 ft AGL, 855 ft AMSL, 42.67992,-87.91104, Determined - No Hazard, submitted 2026-03-10”
    FAA · March 2026 · grade B
  • FAA obstruction evaluation (7460-1): Determined - No Hazard
    “ASN 2026-AGL-3787-OE: 159415, Crane, 167 ft AGL, 913 ft AMSL, 42.68805,-87.95421, Determined - No Hazard, submitted 2026-02-24”
    FAA · Feb. 2026 · grade B
  • FAA obstruction evaluation (7460-1): Determined - No Hazard
    “ASN 2026-AGL-3786-OE: 159416, Crane, 167 ft AGL, 905 ft AMSL, 42.68804,-87.95021, Determined - No Hazard, submitted 2026-02-24”
    FAA · Feb. 2026 · grade B
  • FAA obstruction evaluation (7460-1): Determined - No Hazard
    “ASN 2026-AGL-3784-OE: 159365, Crane, 172 ft AGL, 917 ft AMSL, 42.68850,-87.95432, Determined - No Hazard, submitted 2026-02-24”
    FAA · Feb. 2026 · grade B
  • FAA obstruction evaluation (7460-1): Determined - No Hazard
    “ASN 2026-AGL-3785-OE: 159366, Crane, 167 ft AGL, 905 ft AMSL, 42.68849,-87.95068, Determined - No Hazard, submitted 2026-02-24”
    FAA · Feb. 2026 · grade B
  • FAA obstruction evaluation (7460-1): Determined - No Hazard
    “ASN 2026-AGL-3638-OE: 159415, Transmission Line Tower, 147 ft AGL, 893 ft AMSL, 42.68805,-87.95421, Determined - No Hazard, submitted 2026-02-20”
    FAA · Feb. 2026 · grade B
  • FAA obstruction evaluation (7460-1): Determined - No Hazard
    “ASN 2026-AGL-3640-OE: 159365, Transmission Line Tower, 152 ft AGL, 897 ft AMSL, 42.68850,-87.95432, Determined - No Hazard, submitted 2026-02-20”
    FAA · Feb. 2026 · grade B
  • FAA obstruction evaluation (7460-1): Determined - No Hazard
    “ASN 2026-AGL-3639-OE: 159366, Transmission Line Tower, 147 ft AGL, 885 ft AMSL, 42.68849,-87.95068, Determined - No Hazard, submitted 2026-02-20”
    FAA · Feb. 2026 · grade B
  • FAA obstruction evaluation (7460-1): Determined - No Hazard
    “ASN 2026-AGL-1684-OE: 2250, Stationary/Fixed Crane, 410 ft AGL, 1135 ft AMSL, 42.67132,-87.90911, Determined - No Hazard, submitted 2026-01-26”
    FAA · Jan. 2026 · grade B
  • FAA obstruction evaluation (7460-1): Determined - No Hazard
    “ASN 2026-AGL-1688-OE: MLC 300, Stationary/Fixed Crane, 410 ft AGL, 1125 ft AMSL, 42.67253,-87.91213, Determined - No Hazard, submitted 2026-01-26”
    FAA · Jan. 2026 · grade B
  • FAA obstruction evaluation (7460-1): Determined - No Hazard
    “ASN 2026-AGL-1686-OE: MCL 300, Stationary/Fixed Crane, 410 ft AGL, 1126 ft AMSL, 42.67298,-87.90979, Determined - No Hazard, submitted 2026-01-26”
    FAA · Jan. 2026 · grade B
  • FAA OE/AAA filings evidence vertical construction at the Fairwater campus through 2026: three 410-ft fixed cranes inside the outline submitted Jan. 26, 2026 and a 350-ft mobile crane inside the outline submitted Sept. 16, 2026.
    “ASN 2026-AGL-1684-OE: 2250, Stationary/Fixed Crane, 410 ft AGL, 1135 ft AMSL, 42.67132,-87.90911, Determined - No Hazard, submitted 2026-01-26”
    FAA · Jan. 2026 · grade B
  • transmission upgrade (MTEP EPR): Approved - Expedited Project Review (EPR)
    “*50167 Racine County, DIC, Jupiter Substation Load Growth 1/1/2027 $295.0”
    Dataset · Aug. 2025 · grade B
  • transmission upgrade (MTEP EPR): Approved - Expedited Project Review (EPR)
    “*50168 Racine County Western Feed Transmission Line Project Load Growth 1/1/2027 $124.0”
    Dataset · Aug. 2025 · grade B
  • transmission upgrade (MTEP App A/B): Approved - MTEP25 Appendix A
    “50543 Racine County, DIC, Cosmos Substation Load Growth 4/1/2028 $195.0”
    Dataset · Aug. 2025 · grade B
  • Village of Mount Pleasant Plan Commission: Revised Durand Ave site plan: 7 data center buildings + storage + 2 substations, 5,878,080 sq ft
    “The Plan Commission plans to meet Wednesday, Oct. 14, at 1 p.m. at Village Hall. Village staff is recommending approval”
    News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
  • ATC + We Energies asked FERC to approve a one-off transmission billing plan for the Mount Pleasant campus (We Energies pays for projected capacity, passes cost to Microsoft, 15-yr); Microsoft protested at FERC Aug 2026,
    “Microsoft's attorneys wrote in a protest to FERC... the utilities' current proposal contains 'systemic' flaws”
    News report · Aug. 2026 · grade C
  • We Energies petitioned PSC to reopen/loosen VLC financial-guarantee rules (restore exemption option; lower collateral for highly creditworthy customers)
    “We Energies wants regulators to restore its exemption option and reduce financial support requirements”
    News report · June 2026 · grade C
  • Village of Mount Pleasant Board: Approval of 15 buildings / ~9M sq ft expansion plans (Durand Ave + International Drive)
    “Village Board approved 15 buildings / ~9M sq ft on Jan 26, 2026”
    News report · Jan. 2026 · grade C
  • Village of Mount Pleasant Board: $100M land sale (631 acres, Areas II/III) + amendments to Microsoft/Foxconn agreements
    “The Mount Pleasant Village Board approved the $100 million land sale and those revisions on Monday”
    News report · Nov. 2023 · grade C
  • Racine County Board: Final approvals for Microsoft purchase of 1,030 acres in TID 5
    “The Racine County Board on Tuesday unanimously granted the final approvals needed for Microsoft to take ownership of more than 1,000 acres”
    News report · Nov. 2023 · grade C
Legal (11)
  • Ostergaard v. Microsoft (E.D. Wis. 2:26-cv-01169): parties report a settlement in principle of the noise class action and jointly ask for a 90-day stay (ECF 21)
    “they have agreed on the material terms of a settlement in principle resolving this putative class action”
    Court filing · Sept. 2026 · grade A
  • Ostergaard v. Microsoft Corporation, E.D. Wis. No. 2:26-cv-01169, filed July 1, 2026 (CourtListener docket 73566375); noise class action over the Mount Pleasant (Fairwater) campus
    “Ostergaard v. Microsoft Corporation, 2:26-cv-01169, District Court, E.D. Wisconsin”
    Court filing · July 2026 · grade A
  • Ostergaard v. Microsoft filed: proposed class of residents within 1.5 miles alleging private nuisance and negligence from data-center noise (diesel generators, chillers, cooling towers)
    “Plaintiffs reside within the proposed Class Area and within 1.5 miles of the Data Center”
    Court filing · July 2026 · grade A
  • Joint notice of settlement in principle and 90-day stay request (Doc. 21); latest indexed event a Sept. 23, 2026 text-only order (substance not shown); do not assume the stay or final settlement approved
    “"agreed on the material terms of a settlement in principle." They were still preparing a final written agreement and approval papers”
    Court filing · Sept. 2026 · grade B
  • Lawsuits: Ostergaard v. Microsoft, E.D. Wis. 2:26-cv-01169: settlement in principle on material terms noticed Sept. 22, 2026 (Doc. 21) with a 90-day stay requested; no amount, remediation terms or final approval disclosed ca
    “Both sides report agreement on the material terms of a settlement in principle and request a 90-day stay; "agreed on the material terms of a settlement in principle" (Doc. 21 p. 1)”
    Court filing · Sept. 2026 · grade B
  • Second amended complaint (Doc. 20, 21 pp.) redefines the proposed class by named road/railroad boundaries and a map (not a 1.5-mile radius); three named resident plaintiffs
    “The current proposed class uses named road/railroad boundaries and a map, not a simple 1.5-mile-radius definition (Doc. 20 pp. 12-13)”
    Court filing · Aug. 2026 · grade B
  • Noise or water complaints: Low-frequency hum / noise since startup (lawsuit Jul 2026); Microsoft acknowledged 'tonal humming' in April and added mitigation
    “Microsoft has said it acknowledged a 'tonal humming' in April and added mitigation measures”
    News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
  • Lawsuits: Ostergaard v. Microsoft Corporation, E.D. Wis. 2:26-cv-01169, filed July 1, 2026; proposed class of >1,000 households within 1.5 miles; private nuisance and negligence
    “Three residents filed a class action lawsuit against Microsoft over alleged excessive noise from its Mount Pleasant data center”
    News report · July 2026 · grade C
  • Ostergaard v. Microsoft Corporation, E.D. Wis. 2:26-cv-01169, proposed class action, >1,000 households within 1.5 miles; private nuisance + negligence over noise (diesel generators, HVAC/chillers/cooling towers/AHUs/con
    “Three residents filed a class action lawsuit against Microsoft... The lawsuit alleges private nuisance and negligence”
    News report · July 2026 · grade C
  • Midwest Environmental Advocates, on behalf of Milwaukee Riverkeeper, sued City of Racine in Racine County Circuit Court under WI Public Records Law to compel release of Microsoft water-use records; city released the data
    “the Midwest Environmental Advocates filed a lawsuit against the city to turn over project water use information”
    News report · Sept. 2025 · grade C
  • Lawsuits: Midwest Environmental Advocates (for Milwaukee Riverkeeper) v. City of Racine, Racine County Circuit Court, filed Sept. 15, 2025 (public-records action; city released water data two days later)
    “In September, Midwest Environmental Advocates sued the city of Racine over withheld records related to Microsoft's Mount Pleasant data center water use”
    News report · Sept. 2025 · grade C
Site and other (25)
  • Parcel ID: 151032233004010
    “Wisconsin Statewide Parcels point query at campus centroid returns PARCELID 151032233004010”
    State agency · Oct. 2026 · grade A
  • Parcel owner: MICROSOFT CORPORATION
    “OWNERNME1 is 'MICROSOFT CORPORATION'; site address 4800 90TH ST, Village of Mt Pleasant”
    State agency · Oct. 2026 · grade A
  • Parcel acres: 318.64 acres
    “ASSDACRES and DEEDACRES both 318.64 (GISACRES 319.13)”
    State agency · Oct. 2026 · grade A
  • WEC (8-K Ex. 99.1): Microsoft Mount Pleasant Phase 1 operations commenced in April 2026.
    “Phase 1 operations commenced in April 2026”
    SEC filing · Sept. 2026 · grade A
  • Construction stage: operating (first facility complete Jun 23, 2026); second facility under construction (foundations/steel), completion 2028
    “The facility is now fully operational... Construction of Microsoft's second facility in Mount Pleasant immediately adjacent to the first is ongoing”
    Company · June 2026 · grade A
  • Current target date: June 23, 2026
    “bringing equipment online and conducting startup activities in April. The facility is now fully operational”
    Company · June 2026 · grade A
  • Workforce estimate: 550 FTE
    “nearly 10,000 construction workers... nearly 550 full-time employees on-site... will grow to around 800”
    Company · June 2026 · grade A
  • Target date phase 2: 2028
    “This facility is scheduled to be completed in 2028”
    Company · June 2026 · grade A
  • 2026-AGL-14240-OE: 350 ft Mobile Crane 'MLC 300' at 42.69603585,-87.92944369 (within ~0.6 NM of campus; join by coordinates only, filer names no operator); status Determined - No Hazard
    “MLC 300 | 350 ft AGL | submitted 09/16/2026”
    FAA · Sept. 2026 · grade B
  • Buildings phase 1: 3
    “Initial campus: 315 acres; 3 buildings; 1.2 million sq. ft. (allegations); described as fully operational by June 2026 (allegation); Doc. 20 p. 4 ¶19”
    Court filing · Aug. 2026 · grade B
  • Sq ft phase 1: 1200000 sq ft
    “Initial campus: 315 acres; 3 buildings; 1.2 million sq. ft. (allegations); Doc. 20 p. 4 ¶19”
    Court filing · Aug. 2026 · grade B
  • Microsoft updates: June 18, 2026 says testing/mitigation done and monitoring plus several neighbors indicate resolution, more work continuing; July 20, 2026 says short-term work and evaluation of further components continue
    “June 18: Microsoft says it tested/mitigated noise and reports that monitoring and several neighbors indicated resolution ... July 20: short-term work and evaluation of further components continue”
    Company · July 2026 · grade B
  • Noise or water complaints: Microsoft (April 15, 2026) attributes the tonal sound to cooling fans running at high speed during startup; manual fan adjustments, planned mechanical fan-speed limits and added sound-reduction com
    “Microsoft attributes the tonal sound to "cooling fans that are currently operating at high speeds" during startup (company update cited at Doc. 20 p. 10)”
    Company · April 2026 · grade B
  • 2026-AGL-1684-OE: 410 ft Stationary/Fixed Crane '2250' at 42.67131667,-87.90910556 (within ~0.6 NM of campus; join by coordinates only, filer names no operator); status Determined - No Hazard
    “2250 | 410 ft AGL | submitted 01/26/2026”
    FAA · Jan. 2026 · grade B
  • 2026-AGL-1686-OE: 410 ft Stationary/Fixed Crane 'MCL 300' at 42.67298056,-87.90979444 (within ~0.6 NM of campus; join by coordinates only, filer names no operator); status Determined - No Hazard
    “MCL 300 | 410 ft AGL | submitted 01/26/2026”
    FAA · Jan. 2026 · grade B
  • 2026-AGL-1688-OE: 410 ft Stationary/Fixed Crane 'MLC 300' at 42.67253056,-87.91212778 (within ~0.6 NM of campus; join by coordinates only, filer names no operator); status Determined - No Hazard
    “MLC 300 | 410 ft AGL | submitted 01/26/2026”
    FAA · Jan. 2026 · grade B
  • Stage: operating, first facility fully operational since Jun 23, 2026 with ~550 staff on site; second facility under construction for 2028
    “The company has more than 550 workers at its facility in the village”
    News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
  • Opposition: Resident plaintiffs (Ostergaard et al.); Midwest Environmental Advocates; Milwaukee Riverkeeper; neighbors complaining of construction dust, light, traffic
    “Residents sued over noise from the operating campus in July, and neighbors have complained about construction dust, light and traffic”
    News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
  • Cooling: closed-loop liquid cooling (>90% of capacity); closed-loop system water replaced about every six years
    “more than 90% of the facility is going to rely on the [closed-loop] system... It will replace the water in its closed-loop system about every six years”
    News report · April 2026 · grade C
  • Water use stated: 8440000
    “Racine projects total water usage will be 8.44 million gallons annually (roughly 12 pools)”
    News report · March 2026 · grade C
  • Water use stated: 234000
    “The facility will hit peak daily use of 234,000 gallons of water each day when its first phase is completed in 2026”
    News report · Sept. 2025 · grade C
  • Water use stated: 702000
    “After future phases, the data center will use 702,000 gallons of water each day... when Areas 3B, 3A and 2 are built out”
    News report · Sept. 2025 · grade C
  • Wastewater discharge: 81000 gal/day (Phase 1)
    “The first phase (Area 3B) will see wastewater discharge of up to 81,000 gallons per day”
    News report · Sept. 2025 · grade C
  • Wastewater discharge: 243000 gal/day (all phases)
    “After all phases, the facility will discharge 243,000 gallons each day and more than 6 million each year”
    News report · Sept. 2025 · grade C
  • Acres: 1345 acres
    “Microsoft now owns a total of 1,345 acres in Mount Pleasant, making it the largest landowner in the district”
    News report · Dec. 2023 · grade C

Imagery and records: Satellite and aerial imagery: local aerial photography via Esri World Imagery Wayback; Sentinel-2 (ESA Copernicus). County deeds: ATTOM.