Data center profile · Northwest of Fillmore, Millard County, Utah (air-permit Site 2 at West 11700 North)

Joule Utah (Millard County)

Joule Capital Partners' gas-powered campus near Fillmore, Utah: 4 GW claimed, five of six plants air-approved (about 1 GW at all six), no tenant.

Permitted, early works. Utah air regulators approved five of six planned gas plants Sept. 11, 2026; the county approved zoning and a conditional use permit in 2025 but has not decided on the gas pipeline. Press reports a Nov. 2025 groundbreaking; no tenant.
4 GW
on-site generation, company figure
Joule and Caterpillar say 4 GW of total energy; none of the published figures is IT capacity
About 1 GW
generation across the six planned plants (press sum); five now have air approvals
five approval orders issued Sept. 11, 2026; the 1 GW figure is the sum for all six applications; the sixth plant has no record
4,000 acres
campus, company figure
rezoned from agricultural to heavy industrial in Aug. 2025 (press)
$63M
raised so far
$3M Series A in 2025 and a $60M Series B in Jan. 2026, against a multibillion-dollar build
OperatorJoule Capital Partners, LLC (developer)
CustomerNot disclosed; the company says signed customers exist but are under NDA
Planned IT capacity615 MW for the first phase; full build-out not stated (our estimate from on-site generation)
First building in serviceOur estimate: 2029 or later (no dated power path yet).
Next stepCounty Commission decision on the 24-inch gas pipeline development agreement; no hearing date is published
Power

Power and the grid

None energized or contracted yet · 1,000 MW permitted

On-site gas engines (Caterpillar G3520K)Five of six plants air-permitted
1,000 MW
about 1,000 MW is the press-reported sum for all six planned plants; approval orders cover five of them (Sites 2 to 6); the company claims 4,000 MW and says 1.7 GW of equipment is on firm order State agency · Sept. 2026
Permitted
Other sources, size not disclosed

Getting on the grid

Who supplies what, what it costs, and what is still not public.

  1. Aug. 7, 2025
    Power agreement announced
    Joule, Caterpillar and Wheeler Machinery announce a deal to power the campus with gas engines and batteries. Company · Aug. 2025
  2. Feb. 5, 2026
    Equipment order claimed
    Joule says 1.7 GW of Caterpillar equipment is on firm order, with first delivery due in March 2026 (company claim, single source). Company · Feb. 2026
  3. May 7, 2026
    Gas pipeline hearing
    The county planning commission hears Joule's request to build its own 24-inch gas pipeline and forwards a recommendation. Local government · May 2026
  4. Sept. 11, 2026
    Air permits issued
    Utah air regulators issue approval orders for five of the six plants. see Permits
  5. Not set
    Utility service: none
    The campus is designed to run off-grid. No Utah utility docket or service agreement was found. see Permits

On-site generation on file

Is it running?

Evidence from space

NO2 over the site, net of the rural background, was about the same in July–September 2026 (3 µmol/m²) as a year earlier (3), and the rural background stayed flat (14 and 15). The satellite sees no new combustion large enough to stand out here. On record here: On-site gas engines (Caterpillar G3520K), 1,000 MW, permitted; Natural gas supply, proposed. No rise fits a plant that is not running yet, or runs little; it does not prove either.

See all campuses checked →

NO2 over the campus and over open country (µmol/m²)
010203040Jan 2025AprJulOctJan 2026AprJulOctOver the campusOpen country
010203040Jan 2025JulJan 2026JulOver the campusOpen country
Lines: 7-day (daily) / 3-week (weekly) averages; gaps from cloud filled by straight-line interpolation; dots are raw readings. Shaded: July–September 2025 and 2026, averaging 3 and 3 µmol/m² above open country (1.1×).

What else could explain it

How this works: the Sentinel-5P satellite measures NO2 in the air over every point on Earth once a day, around 1:30 p.m. local time, in pixels about 5.5 by 3.5 km. NO2 comes from burning fuel (turbines, engines, traffic, power plants), so a rise over a site that open country does not share points to new combustion there. It shows combustion activity, not megawatts. The site box is about 15 km across; the background box is open country about 73 km away. We use only high-quality readings and drop days or weeks when cloud hides more than half of either box. Data: Copernicus Sentinel-5P (ESA), processed with the Copernicus Data Space Ecosystem Sentinel Hub statistics service.

Permits

Permits checklist

2 pending · 3 granted · 1 checked, nothing on file

Approvals a campus like this normally needs (including an air permit for backup or on-site generators), and what we found.

Risks

What could slow it down

Money

Money on record

$60M
Series B, Jan. 2026
led by Clear Lake Investments and Foulger Pratt Company · Feb. 2026
$3M
Series A, 2025
company figure Company · Feb. 2026

Not on record: state or county incentives: a neighboring campus received up to $172M in Utah incentives in May 2026 (press) State agency · Oct. 2026

Timeline

What happened, and what is due

SitePaper trailConstructionPowerPermitsMoneyLegalUpcoming
  1. Permits County Commission decision on the gas pipeline agreement; no date published Local government · May 2026
  2. April 28, 2025
    Paper trail Joule Capital Partners LLC registered in Utah
  3. July 7, 2025
    Permits Joule files its first air-permit notice for Site 2; the other sites follow on July 29 State agency · Oct. 2026
  4. Aug. 5, 2025
    Permits Millard County rezones about 4,000 acres to heavy industrial (press) News report · Aug. 2025
  5. Aug. 7, 2025
    Power Joule, Caterpillar and Wheeler announce a 4 GW power agreement for the campus Company · Aug. 2025
  6. Sept. 17, 2025
    Permits County Commission approves the conditional use permit with 21 conditions (press) News report · Sept. 2025
  7. Nov. 1, 2025
    Construction Groundbreaking reported on the 4,000-acre site (press) News report · Nov. 2025
  8. Jan. 2026
    Money Joule closes a $60M Series B Company · Feb. 2026
  9. Feb. 5, 2026
    Power Joule launches its BetterGrid platform and says 1.7 GW of engines are on order Company · Feb. 2026
  10. May 7, 2026
    Permits County planning commission hears Joule's request for its own 24-inch gas pipeline Local government · May 2026
  11. Sept. 11, 2026
    Permits Utah air regulators approve five of six planned plants State agency · Sept. 2026
Construction activity

Satellite captures by quarter

Since March 2022: 68 satellite captures. The chart starts in the first quarter of 2023; 4 earlier records are not drawn.

Satellite
’23
’24
’25
’26
Dot size: records in the quarter, largest = 6. Two-digit years mark each first quarter.
The buildings

Specs

6 plants
initial phase, about 69 gas engines each (press); five permitted
10,000 acre-feet a year
senior groundwater rights, company says; closed-loop cooling
1.1 GWh
grid-forming battery storage
About 4,380 tons a year
regulated air pollutants from the first six plants (press, from permit applications)
Who is involved

Owners, partners and builders

Owners and developers
  • Joule Capital Partners, LLC: developer (formed Apr. 28, 2025)
  • Brock Andrus: co-CEO
  • David Gray: president
  • Mark McDougal: partner and spokesman; part-owner of the landowner
  • Triple C Farms: landowner
Power and equipment
  • Caterpillar: generator and battery supplier
  • Wheeler Machinery: Utah Caterpillar dealer, installation and service
  • Kern River Gas Transmission: referenced gas interconnect (press)
Investors
  • Clear Lake Investments and Foulger Pratt: led the $60M Series B
Decision-makers
  • Millard County Commission and Planning Commission
  • Utah Division of Air Quality
Still unknown

Open questions

Where this comes from

229 records from 23 documents

Drawn from news reports, state agency records, local government records, business registries, satellite captures, company statements, public and commercial datasets, utility regulator dockets and our own analysis, each kept with its date and source. The bar shows documents by type.

News report 7State agency 5Local government 4Satellite 3Company 3Dataset 2Utility regulator 1Analysis 1
Evidence

Every quote behind this page

Grade key: A = the primary record itself (permit, filing, exhibit) · B = a dated official statement · C = news reporting. Map distances are our own measurements on OpenStreetMap and carry no grade. Allegations in lawsuits are marked as such in the quotes.

Power (33)
  • Gas lateral: 24-inch natural gas transmission pipeline, Holden to McCornick, under county Legislative Development Agreement application Z-2026-026 (PC hearing May 7, 2026; final commission decision not located)
    “to allow the construction, operation, and maintenance of a 24-inch natural gas transmission pipeline and associated appurtenances”
  • Nearest power line: 1.30 km (unnamed)
    Measured on OpenStreetMap map data.
  • Nearest power line of 230 kV or more: 6.15 km (Pavant - Sigurd, 230 kV)
    Measured on OpenStreetMap map data.
  • Nearest substation: 4.42 km (unnamed)
    Measured on OpenStreetMap map data.
  • Nearest gas pipeline: 12.29 km (unnamed)
    Measured on OpenStreetMap map data.
  • Power plants within 5 km: 4.55 km (Pavant Solar II)
    Measured on OpenStreetMap map data.
  • Nearest water feature: 11.93 km (unnamed stream)
    Measured on OpenStreetMap map data.
  • Nearest data center: none within 50 km on the map
    Measured on OpenStreetMap map data.
  • Utility: none (self-supply
    “No Joule docket at Utah PSC; positive-control searches return Rocky Mountain Power and Enbridge Gas Utah dockets (e.g. 25-035-47, 26-057-06)”
  • On-site generation: 1000 [E] MW
    “Approval Order Issued: 2026-09-11 (five Joule Capital Partners, LLC sites, #2-#6); ~1000 MW total is the press-reported sum of six-plant applications”
  • Aliases: Joule Power; Joule BetterGrid (platform name)
    “Joule Launches BetterGrid Platform: AI-Ready Data Center Infrastructure with Industry-Leading Speed to Market”
  • IT capacity: not disclosed MW
    “Joule has already secured 1.7 GW of Caterpillar power-generation equipment (all published MW figures are generation/total energy, none are IT load)”
  • On-site power technology: reciprocating engines (CCHP) + 1.1 GWh grid-forming BESS + SCR aftertreatment
    “inclusive of base-load and backup generators, switchgear, inverters, SCR units, and BESS systems”
  • Role of the on-site plant: prime (off-grid behind-the-meter; N+2 design)
    “The BetterGrid platform includes N+2 behind-the-meter power designed to support modern AI clusters”
  • Equipment order status: firm order claimed: 1.7 GW of Caterpillar equipment secured, in production, first delivery scheduled March 2026 (company claim, single-source)
    “behind-the-meter power generation equipment on firm order and already in production”
  • Power plan: onsite (self-supply; no grid interconnection)
    “By developing behind-the-meter, independent energy systems”
  • Water use stated: 10,000 acre-feet/yr senior groundwater rights held; closed-loop cooling; company claims ~75% less water than farming the same acreage
    “4,000 acres of entitled land, 10,000 acre-feet of senior water rights, and direct natural gas interconnections”
  • BetterGrid launch: 1.7 GW of Caterpillar equipment on firm order and in production; first delivery scheduled March 2026; campus 'currently leasing'
    “Every component of the BetterGrid is either purchased, permitted or actively under construction”
  • On-site generation: 4,000 MW
    “This initiative will provide four gigawatts of total energy to the center of the Intermountain West.”
  • Generator maker and model: Caterpillar G3520K
    “Powered by a fleet of Caterpillar's latest G3520K generator sets and support equipment, the distributed generation system produces electricity and captures waste heat to power and cool next-generation, high-density server systems.”
  • On-site generation: 4,000 MW
    “This initiative will provide four gigawatts of total energy to the center of the Intermountain West”
  • Generator maker and model: Caterpillar G3520K
    “Powered by a fleet of Caterpillar's latest G3520K generator sets and support equipment”
  • Cooling: closed-loop liquid (direct-to-chip) with CCHP waste-heat absorption; propylene glycol loop per local press
    “integrated combined cooling heat and power (CCHP) solutions with a by-design liquid cooling architecture”
  • Joule / Caterpillar / Wheeler power agreement announced for 4 GW Utah campus
    “announced an agreement to power Joule's High Performance Compute Data Center Campus in Utah”
  • Generating units on the permit: 69 units
    “In rural Millard County southwest of Salt Lake City, a company is planning to install more than 400 natural gas-fired engines to produce power for a 4,000-acre data center.”
  • Stage: early construction; air-permitted for ~1 GW of 4 GW stated; entitlements incomplete and only $63M equity raised - high execution risk
    “Assessment: 5 air AOs issued 2026-09-11; CUP/site-plan items pending into 2026; $3M + $60M raised vs multi-billion-dollar build; no named tenant”
    grade C
  • Neighbouring Creekstone Energy campus (Delta Gigasite) received up to $172M in Utah state incentives - Joule has no equivalent state award found, an asymmetry worth tracking
    “Utah awards up to USD 172m in incentives for USD 17bn, 10 GW Creekstone data center project”
  • Generating units on the permit: 69 gensets per plant; 6 plants planned (414 engines); 5 plants permitted units
    “early plans pair each of six buildings with 69 Caterpillar natural-gas generators”
  • Gas supplier: Kern River Gas Transmission (planned interconnect referenced in county minutes via DCF)
    “A planned pipeline interconnection (with county minutes referencing the Kern River system and Trellis citing nearby gas infrastructure)”
  • Emissions stated: initial six-plant phase ~4,380 t/yr regulated pollutants excl. CO2 (~1,380 t/yr NOx) per DAQ applications via Trellis; Oil & Gas Watch cites up to 5.2M t/yr GHG
    “the initial six-building phase could emit approximately 4,380 tons per year of regulated pollutants (excluding CO2), including roughly 1,380 tons annually of nitrogen oxides”
  • Interconnection status: none - closed private generation / self-supply by design (queue power secured=none): sponsor identified as Joule Capital Partners - the Joule Energy and Data Center Campus on 4,000 acres near Hold
    “No substations, no towering smoke stacks, no overhead transmission lines”
  • Phasing as reported: the initial phase is 1 GW of power from dozens of gas generators plus a battery storage system (six initial sites; 69 Caterpillar G3520K engines per building per the project record), within the annou
    “The initial phase will include 1 gigawatt of power from dozens of gas generators and a battery storage system to level out electricity.”
  • Moved from campus facts field 'expansion claim': site could scale to 12 GW per company statements (Trellis) - aspirational, not permitted MW.
    “The site could potentially scale up to 12 GW - or about triple Utah's total power supply”
Money and contracts (11)
  • development agreement (legislative): scope construction, operation and maintenance of a 24-inch natural gas transmission pipeline and associated appurtenances, Holden area to McCornick area, primarily across private land
    “Consideration of a legislative Development Agreement (a land use decision of a legislative nature) to allow the construction, operation, and maintenance of a 24-inch natural gas transmission pipeline”
  • development agreement (legislative): status Planning Commission heard the application May 7, 2026 and forwards a recommendation; County Commission decision at a future hearing - final outcome not located as of Oct. 18, 2026
    “The Planning Commission will receive public comment and forward a recommendation to the Millard County Board of County Commissioners, which will consider the Development Agreement in a future public hearing”
  • Financing: Series A $3M (2025); Series B $60M closed January 2026, led by Clear Lake Investments and Foulger Pratt USD
    “After closing a $3 million Series A in 2025, the company secured $60 million in a January Series B financing round led by Clear Lake Investments and Foulger Pratt”
  • power and equipment agreement: equipment order status (updated claim) 1.7 GW of Caterpillar generation equipment secured; firm order; in production; first delivery scheduled March 2026 (Joule claim, Feb 2026; supersedes
    “Joule has already secured 1.7 GW of Caterpillar power-generation equipment, with the first delivery scheduled for March”
  • Joule closed $60M Series B led by Clear Lake Investments and Foulger Pratt (after $3M Series A in 2025)
    “the company secured $60 million in a January Series B financing round”
  • Announced: Aug. 7, 2025
    “Joule Capital Partners, Caterpillar Inc. (NYSE: CAT), and Wheeler Machinery Co. today announced an agreement”
  • power and equipment agreement: scope 4 GW of total energy; G3520K genset fleet; CCHP; prime power for High Performance Compute Data Center Campus
    “announced an agreement to power Joule's High Performance Compute Data Center Campus in Utah”
  • power and equipment agreement: storage 1.1 GWh grid-forming BESS
    “The solution includes 1.1 gigawatt hours of grid forming battery energy storage”
  • power and equipment agreement: service and support Caterpillar and Wheeler provide service and support; uptime and availability targets
    “Caterpillar and Wheeler will also provide service and support for the products and solutions, ensuring uptime and availability targets are met”
  • Phases: initial phase 6 buildings/plants (Sites #1-#6); entitlement discussions up to 32 buildings of ~1M sq ft each
    “entitlement discussions including as many as 32 buildings of roughly one million square feet each”
  • Tenant status: claimed signed customers, unnamed under NDA (company partner statement via Trellis) - no tenant verifiable
    “Citing non-disclosure agreements, McDougal declined to name signed customers, saying they include major tech companies”
Permits and government (23)
  • air permit (Approval Order): NOI received
    “Joule Capital Partners, LLC- Site #2 Data Center | N162900001 | NOI Received 2025-07-07”
  • air permit (Approval Order): Approval Order issued
    “Approval Order Issued: 2026-09-11”
  • air permit (Approval Order): NOI received
    “Joule Capital Partners, LLC- Site #3 Data Center | N162910001”
  • air permit (Approval Order): Approval Order issued
    “Approval Order Issued: 2026-09-11”
  • air permit (Approval Order): NOI received
    “Joule Capital Partners, LLC- Site #4 Data Center | N162920001”
  • air permit (Approval Order): Approval Order issued
    “Approval Order Issued: 2026-09-11”
  • air permit (Approval Order): NOI received
    “Joule Capital Partners, LLC- Site #5 Data Center | N162930001”
  • air permit (Approval Order): Approval Order issued
    “Approval Order Issued: 2026-09-11”
  • air permit (Approval Order): NOI received
    “Joule Capital Partners, LLC- Site #6 Data Center | N162940001”
  • air permit (Approval Order): Approval Order issued
    “Approval Order Issued: 2026-09-11”
  • Utah DAQ issued Approval Orders for Joule Sites #2-#6 (five of six planned plants); no Site #1 record
    “Approval Order Issued: 2026-09-11”
  • development agreement: public hearing held; recommendation to County Commission
    “PUBLIC HEARING for a DEVELOPMENT AGREEMENT—Application # Z-2026-026 ... requested by Joule Capital Partners for a proposed 24-inch natural gas pipeline project between Holden and McCornick”
  • County process opened for Joule's own 24-inch gas pipeline (Development Agreement Z-2026-026) - gas supply depends on a Joule-built lateral from the Holden area
    “a proposed 24-inch natural gas pipeline project between Holden and McCornick”
  • Millard County Planning Commission: Public hearing and possible recommendation - Legislative Development Agreement application Z-2026-026 (Joule 24-inch natural gas pipeline, Holden to McCornick); item 13: Discussion onl
    “PUBLIC HEARING for a DEVELOPMENT AGREEMENT—Application # Z-2026-026 for a Legislative Development Agreement requested by Joule Capital Partners”
  • Opposition: resident concerns at July 2025 hearing (water, noise, traffic, housing, farmland loss); environmental-group scrutiny (UPHE, Utah Clean Energy via press); no Joule-specific lawsuit or petition found
    “Community opposition is emerging as a material variable that could influence schedule and scope”
  • Construction stage: clearing / early works - ground broken Nov 2025; final site plans and some CUPs still pending as of Feb 2026 reporting
    “Although groundbreaking was held in November 2025, final site plans and key conditional use permits remain pending at the time of publication”
  • Conditions of approval: C-2 CUP amendment approved with 21 conditions incl. water-use metering and reporting to the county and compliance with state water-engineer requirements
    “approved a C-2 conditional use permit amendment for a data center campus with 21 conditions (applicant spelled 'Jewel Capital Partners LLC' in this secondary summary)”
  • conditional use permit: approved with conditions
    “The Millard County Commission approved a C-2 conditional use permit amendment for a Jewel Capital Partners data center campus with 21 conditions”
  • Millard County Commission: C-2 conditional use permit amendment - Joule data center and on-site power generation campus
    “The Millard County Board of Commissioners voted to approve a C-2 conditional use permit amendment for a data center and on-site power generation campus proposed by Jewel Capital Partners LLC”
  • Rezoning date: Aug. 2025 (week of Aug 5)
    “A re-zoning request to pave the way for the project was approved by the Millard County Commission during the week of 5 August”
  • zoning (zone change): approved
    “A re-zoning request to pave the way for the project was approved by the Millard County Commission during the week of 5 August”
  • Millard County Commission: Rezoning requests for Joule Capital Partners and Creekstone Energy campuses
    “Both projects received unanimous approval from the Millard County Commission”
  • Millard County (public meeting on zone change): Zone change for ~4,000 acres of agricultural land near 11000 N McCornick Road to Heavy Industrial
    “Public records from Millard County show Joule pursuing a zone change for approximately 4,000 acres, converting agricultural land near 11000 N McCornick Road to Heavy Industrial use”
Legal (1)
  • Groundbreaking date: Nov. 2025
    “broke ground in November on a 4,000-acre campus northwest of Fillmore in Millard County (also reported by Trellis and Data Center Frontier)”
Site and other (10)
  • Parcel ID nearby: F-7000-3 (150 N 1100 W, Fillmore) under the 8.0 ha industrial polygon; F-6968-2 under the 0.9 ha industrial polygon
    “Millard County parcel IDs at adjacent industrial polygons”
  • Address: Unincorporated Millard County near W 11000-11700 N and McCornick Rd, Fillmore, UT 84631 (DAQ site addresses)
    “Site #5: Northwest Corner of West 11000 North 4866 County Rd, Fillmore, UT 84631”
  • Developer: Joule Capital Partners, LLC
    “Joule Capital Partners, LLC- Site #2 Data Center”
  • Data-center buildings on the map: 0
    Measured on OpenStreetMap map data.
  • Parcel ID: 5313-1
    “Millard County Parcels FeatureServer/0 point query at the DEQ NOI Site 2 anchor (39.20994,-112.35811) on 2026-10-19 returns parcel 5313-1 (account 5372; ownership type Private; ZIP 84624; ~82.5 ha); the layer carries no owner-name field, so the parcel owner cannot be verified from this layer”
  • County code: 49027
    “Millard County, Utah FIPS 49027”
    grade B
  • Acres: 4000 acres
    “super-compute-ready campus spanning 4,000 acres in Central Utah”
  • Current target date: 2026 - initial gigawatt-scale capacity (company target; unverified)
    “campus spanning 4,000 acres in Central Utah, set to launch with gigawatt capacity in 2026”
  • Community opposition emerging as a material schedule variable (DCF); Utah lawmakers pursuing data-center water-use reporting (Rep. Koford bill noted in local press)
    “Community opposition is emerging as a material variable that could influence schedule and scope”
  • Groundbreaking held on the 4,000-acre campus northwest of Fillmore (reported by Sanpete Messenger, Trellis, DCF)
    “broke ground in November on a 4,000-acre campus northwest of Fillmore in Millard County”