Power
Power and the grid
Sources on record, size not disclosed
- Public Service Company of Oklahoma (PSO) grid Plannedland annexed so PSO, whose lines cross the site, can serve it; Google says it pays for a dedicated substation and lines; no MW shared Company · June 2025
Getting on the grid
- Google says it will pay for all required new infrastructure, including a dedicated substation and transmission lines (press). News report · Oct. 2026
- The site sits in Verdigris Valley Electric Cooperative territory, which will not serve the data-center buildings. Company · June 2025
- A 300 MW example on the project website describes a Maryland study, and White Rose's 2,000 MW is its portfolio; neither is this site's load. News report · Feb. 2026
Permits
Permits checklist
2 contested · 1 draft · 1 pending · 1 checked, nothing on file
Local, tribal and state steps on record.
- !Annexation into Sand Springs ContestedCity of Sand Springs · June 2025: via a 100-foot-wide, 7-mile strip; challenged in court Company · June 2025
- !Rezoning to light industrial ContestedSand Springs City Council · Feb. 3, 2026: 6-1; challenged News report · Feb. 2026
- ◷Tax incentive project plan DraftCity of Sand Springs · April 3, 2026: draft names Google subsidiaries; no adopted plan found Local government · Oct. 2026
- ◷Osage Minerals Council leasing and federal authorization PendingOsage Minerals Council / federal government · Oct. 2026: still required, per October 2026 reporting News report · Oct. 2026
- –Checked, nothing on file: State utility filing or air permit
Risks
What could slow it down
- HighTwo lawsuits over the landThe annexation and easement suits cloud the site's title and approvals, and the state has moved to join one. News report · March 2026
- HighOsage approvalsThe project still needs Osage Minerals Council leasing approval and federal authorization. see Permits
- MediumGoogle has not bought itGoogle is only considering buying the project from White Rose Partners; no sale has been reported. Company · Oct. 2026
- WatchIncentives not agreedTax incentives are only at the discussion stage, and the county approved no tax financing. Company · Jan. 2026
Lawsuits
2 cases on record
- Pending Protect Sand Springs Alliance, Inc. v. City of Sand Springs (CV-26-439 and CV-26-509)Tulsa County District Court News report · Oct. 2026challenges the 2025 annexation's 7-mile connecting strip (allegation); Attorney General moved to intervene Oct. 2026; no hearing yet
- Filed March 2026 Land Legacy conservation-easement suitCourt not named in coverage News report · March 2026alleges a 2013 easement bars industrial development on about 270 acres (allegation)
Money
Money on record
100%
property tax exemption in the unadopted draft plan
incentive talks described as early stage Local government · April 2026
$3.8M
federal tax write-off tied to the 2013 conservation easement
now the subject of the Land Legacy suit (press) News report · March 2026
Timeline
What happened, and what is due
SitePaper trailConstructionPowerPermitsMoneyLegalUpcoming
- May 2025Site The Ringle family petitions Sand Springs to annex its Osage County land for industrial use News report · May 2025
- June 2025Permits City annexes the property so PSO can serve it Company · June 2025
- Jan. 2026Permits Planning Commission recommends rezoning 6-1 in a packed high-school cafeteria News report · Feb. 2026
- Feb. 3, 2026Permits City Council approves the rezoning 6-1 News report · Feb. 2026
- March 2026Legal Land Legacy sues to enforce a 2013 conservation easement over part of the site News report · March 2026
- March 2026Site A recall drive against three councilors who approved the project gathers 1,600-plus signatures News report · Oct. 2026
- April 3, 2026Money Draft city project plan names Google subsidiaries as the company Local government · April 2026
- April 27, 2026Legal City agenda lists two Protect Sand Springs Alliance suits against the city Local government · April 2026
- Oct. 12, 2026Legal Attorney General moves to intervene in the annexation lawsuit News report · Oct. 2026
- 2027Construction Hoped-for construction start (press) News report · Feb. 2026
The buildings
Specs
~270 acres
of the perimeter under a 2013 conservation easement now in dispute
Who is involved
Owners, partners and builders
Owners
- White Rose Partners: developer
- Google LLC (Design LLC, Horizon Land Development, LLC): prospective buyer and operator
- Ringle Family LLC (Alan Ringle): landowner
Decision-makers
- Sand Springs City Council and Planning Commission
- Osage Minerals Council and federal regulators
- Tulsa County District Court
Power partners
- Public Service Company of Oklahoma (PSO)
Opponents
- Protect Sand Springs Alliance
- Land Legacy (easement holder)
- Oklahoma Attorney General Gentner Drummond (seeking to intervene)
Still unknown
Open questions
- Whether Google completes the purchase.
- Outcome of the annexation and easement suits.
- Campus MW and PSO service terms.
- 1 unconfirmed county land record near the site: the buyer or location could not be tied to this campus.
Where this comes from
44 records from 11 documents
Drawn from news reports, local government records, company statements and state agency records, each kept with its date and source. The bar shows documents by type.
News report 8Local government 2Company 1State agency 1
Evidence
Every quote behind this page
Grade key: A = the primary record itself (permit, filing, exhibit) · B = a dated official statement · C = news reporting. Map distances are our own measurements on OpenStreetMap and carry no grade. Allegations in lawsuits are marked as such in the quotes.
Power (3)
- Figures on the project site that are NOT Project Spring MW: a Sage study example of 'a single 800,000 sq. ft., 300 megawatt data center built in Prince George's County, Maryland' and White Rose Partners' '2,000+ MW commi“Google is considering Project Spring for a potential data center in Sand Springs, OK.”Company · Jan. 2026 · grade B
- Utility: Public Service Company of Oklahoma (PSO) - the land was annexed into Sand Springs in June 2025 specifically so PSO (whose transmission lines cross the property) can serve it under the city's PSO franchise; the s“In June 2025, the City of Sand Springs annexed the property at the request of the landowner and White Rose Partners to allow Public Service Oklahoma (PSO), whose transmission lines already cross the property, to provide electric service”Company · June 2025 · grade B
- No campus MW is disclosed: DCD states details about the size and IT capacity of the buildings have not been shared“KRMG further reports that the campus could have three data center buildings. Details about the size and IT capacity of the buildings have not been shared.”News report · Feb. 2026 · grade C
Money and contracts (3)
- Tax incentives are NOT agreed: the developer states discussions are at an early stage; Osage County commissioners did not approve any TIF (a commissioner confirmed 'they were not voting on anything'); the 100%/25-year st“The property tax component of the incentives structure will be achieved through tax incentive districts, not tax increment financing.”Company · Jan. 2026 · grade B
- Electric service agreement (reported terms): minimum bill / financial guarantees (as stated by Google)“Additional safeguards are put in place through the contractual requirements in the electric service agreement with PSO, which include long-term commitments to minimum bills and other financial guarantees”News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
- Project status: PROPOSED - rezoning/PUD/comp-plan approved Feb 3, 2026 (6-1); NOT under construction; Google is only 'considering' the project and is a prospective purchaser from White Rose Partners; construction hoped t“Construction is hoped to begin in 2027 and be completed by 2029.”News report · Feb. 2026 · grade C
Permits and government (8)
- Project status: approved Feb 3, 2026 by Sand Springs City Council (6-1 rezoning); not under construction - construction hoped to begin 2027, complete 2029; annexation, easement and rezoning litigation pending; Google pur“Google is considering Project Spring for a potential data center in Sand Springs, OK.”Company · Jan. 2026 · grade B
- Annexation at the landowner's and White Rose Partners' request (June 2025) via a: Annexation of the Project Spring property into the city“Yes. In June 2025, the City of Sand Springs annexed the property at the request of the landowner and White Rose Partners to allow Public Service Oklahoma (PSO), whose transmission lines already cross the property, to provide electric service”Company · June 2025 · grade B
- The site lies within the Osage Nation Reservation / Osage Mineral Estate area; reporting in October 2026 says Project Spring still requires Osage Minerals Council leasing approval and federal authorization, and the Allia“According to Protect Sand Springs Alliance, the project is also seeking Osage Mineral Council approval to conduct geotechnical surveys at the site.”News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
- Osage Nation Congress:“Congress also approved ONCA 26-70 by a 10-2 vote.”News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
- Sand Springs City Council voted 6-1 on Feb 3, 2026 to approve / rezone the campus; DCD reports construction is hoped to begin in 2027 and be completed by 2029, with up to three data center buildings reported by KRMG“A vote on the project was held on February 3, with City Council members voting 6-1 in favor.”News report · Feb. 2026 · grade C
- City of Sand Springs Council:“In February, Sand Springs City Council voted 6-1 to rezone 827 acres for the facility to be located on the Ringle property.”News report · Feb. 2026 · grade C
- Month precision for the council vote (February 2026 in multiple reports). The ~8: Rezoning to light industrial APPROVED - Planning Commission 6-1 at a Jan 2026 special meeting; City Council 6-1 in Feb 2026 (final local a“The Planning Commission approved the rezoning request on a 6–1 vote during a special meeting held in a packed high school cafeteria.”News report · Feb. 2026 · grade C
- Sand Springs Planning Commission:“In February, Sand Springs City Council voted 6-1 to rezone 827 acres for the facility to be located on the Ringle property.”News report · Jan. 2026 · grade C
Legal (5)
- Two lawsuits: (1) Protect Sand Springs Alliance annexation challenge, Tulsa County District Court, pending, AG Drummond moving to intervene; (2) Land Legacy suit (filed March 2026) alleging a 2013 conservation easement o“The annexation case is pending in Tulsa County District Court and has not yet had a hearing.”News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
- Protect Sand Springs Alliance sued over the June 2025 annexation, alleging the city used a connecting strip about 100 feet wide and nearly seven miles long in violation of state law; the city disputes plaintiffs' standin“The Oklahoma Attorney General's Office is seeking to intervene in a lawsuit challenging Sand Springs' annexation of land intended for a proposed Google data center.”News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
- A separate lawsuit challenges Sand Springs' 2025 annexation of the site; in Oct 2026 the Oklahoma Attorney General moved to intervene on behalf of the State. The annexation case is pending in Tulsa County District Court“The annexation case is pending in Tulsa County District Court and has not yet had a hearing.”News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
- Land Legacy filed a March 2026 lawsuit alleging the Ringle family's annexation/development deal violated a 2013 conservation easement deed (which carried a $3.8M federal tax write-off) limiting the land to ranching, farm“Developer White Rose Partners is now proposing to construct Project Spring on that land. The proposal, which is backed by Google, attracted outspoken opposition”News report · March 2026 · grade C
- Land Legacy, holder of a 2013 conservation easement over ~270 acres of the site's perimeter, sued in Mar 2026 to enforce the easement against development (Tulsa County), alleging the rezoning conflicts with deed restrict“In March, a conservation group called Land Legacy filed a lawsuit to enforce a claim preventing development on property where Google plans to build a data center in Sand Springs.”News report · March 2026 · grade C
Site and other (5)
- County code: 40113“A tract of land situated in Sections 33, 34, and 35, Township 21 North, Range 11 East, and Sections 2 and 3, Township 20 North, Range 11 East, of the Indian Meridian, Osage County, Oklahoma”Local government · April 2026 · grade B
- Project identity: Google 'Project Spring', 5615 OK-97, Sand Springs, OK 74063 - approximately 827 acres (Ringle property), annexed into the City of Sand Springs in June 2025; the parcel itself is in Osage County“Project Spring will be located on an 827-acre property located at 5615 OK-97, Sand Springs, OK 74063.”Company · Feb. 2026 · grade B
- Developer: White Rose Partners (developer of record); Google is the prospective purchaser/end user - the DRAFT Project Plan names Google subsidiaries Design LLC and Horizon Land Development, LLC as 'the Company'“Google is interested in purchasing Project Spring from U.S.-based developer, White Rose Partners, an experienced data center developer committed to only working with top tier American companies”Company · Jan. 2026 · grade B
- Announced: Jan. 14, 2026“Google is considering Project Spring for a potential data center in Sand Springs, OK.”Company · Jan. 2026 · grade B
- Project site claims up to one thousand temporary construction jobs at peak, plus unspecified operational jobs - developer claims, not verified“Project Spring will create up to one thousand temporary construction jobs at peak.”Company · Jan. 2026 · grade B