Data center profile · Jeffersonville, Fayette County, Ohio

AWS Fayette County (Jeffersonville)

Amazon's own grid-powered campus near Jeffersonville, Ohio: up to 1,500 MW of utility load planned by 2031, Phase 1 under construction, no sign yet that power is on

Under construction. Ohio EPA certified the wetland impacts in Nov. 2025; the Corps of Engineers offered wetland permit in Dec. 2025, final signature unconfirmed. The utility filing set a Sept. 15, 2026 start for Phase 1; nothing confirms the campus is in service.
AWS Fayette County (CMH205) - OSM construction polygon, Jeffersonville OH, Aerial photo, June 9, 2025
1,500 MW
utility load expected by Jan. 2031
Amazon's filing with the utility; Phase 1 starts at 65 MW and rises to 480 MW within a year
19 buildings
in the Ohio EPA permit: 15 data halls plus 4 support buildings
on about 360 permitted acres; Amazon bought 589 acres (press)
$5B
capital cost reported (press)
Amazon has not stated a figure for this site
Sept. 15, 2026
Phase 1 start date in the utility filing
passed; no source confirms it was met
OperatorAmazon Data Services (owner and operator)
CustomerAmazon Web Services itself; no outside tenant
Planned IT capacity1.2 GW at full build-out (our estimate from the company or utility power figure)
First building in serviceOur estimate: 2027 (range 2027 to 2028).
Next deadlineSept. 15, 2027: Minimum power draw under the utility contract reaches 336 MW
From orbit

The site from above

Satellite overview1
Aerial photo, June 9, 2025. Pin: AWS Fayette County, CMH205) - OSM construction polygon, Jeffersonville OH.
From orbit

AWS Fayette County

Satellite views of the same ground on April 10, 2021 and June 9, 2025. Drag to compare.

after
before
◀ Aerial photo, April 10, 2021Aerial photo, June 9, 2025 ▶
Quarter by quarter

Watch the site change

One clear satellite frame per quarter, December 2024 to October 2026. Drag the slider or press play.

Satellite view of the campus, Oct. 5, 2026

Sentinel-2 satellite, 10 m resolution (coarser than the photos above).
Power

Power and the grid

65 MW contracted

AES Ohio grid service (Phase 1 starts at 65 MW)Contracted, not confirmed running
65 MW
starts at 65 MW and is expected to reach 480 MW within a year, per the utility filing News report · Nov. 2024
AES Ohio grid service (full buildout)Planned (utility filing, press)
1,500 MW
expected utility load by Jan. 2031, all phases; this is utility load, not IT capacity News report · Nov. 2024
ContractedProposed
Not used, not on record, or dropped

Getting on the grid

Who supplies what, what it costs, and what is still not public.

  1. Oct. 23, 2024
    Utility contract filed
    AES Ohio and Amazon file a construction service agreement for the new transmission needed for Phase 1; Phase 1 network upgrades are expected to cost $22.8 million. News report · Nov. 2024
  2. Dec. 20, 2024
    Federal regulator accepts it
    FERC accepts the agreement, effective Dec. 23, 2024; it does not decide who ultimately pays for the upgrades. State agency · Dec. 2024
  3. Sept. 15, 2026
    Phase 1 start date
    The filing's Phase 1 date has passed; no source confirms the campus is drawing power. News report · Nov. 2024
  4. Sept. 15, 2027
    Minimum load reaches 336 MW
    Amazon must pay the upgrade costs if it does not keep the minimum load for 10 years. News report · Nov. 2024

What is next door

campus0.31 km · 138 kV substation0.37 km · 138 kV line1.01 km · 345 kV line4.34 km · Rockies Express gas pipelinecampus1234
  1. 10.31 km · 138 kV substation
  2. 20.37 km · 138 kV line
  3. 31.01 km · 345 kV line
  4. 44.34 km · Rockies Express gas pipeline

Distances from mapped lines and plants. OpenStreetMap · Oct. 2026

Permits

Permits checklist

1 pending · 2 granted · 3 checked, nothing on file

Approvals a campus like this normally needs (including an air permit for backup generators), and what is on record.

Risks

What could slow it down

Money

Money on record

$5B
capital cost reported (press)
not an Amazon figure News report · Jan. 2025
$60.2M
Land bought by Amazon Data Services from Martin Land Co., recorded Jan. 2025
first of two deeds recorded the same day (county deed records) County deed records · Jan. 2025
$22.8M
Phase 1 network upgrades, paid back through transmission charges
Amazon pays the cost if it does not start or keep the minimum load for 10 years News report · Nov. 2024
100%
state sales tax exemption on equipment
from an Amazon affiliate's 2014 statewide agreement, possibly through 2055; no site-specific deal News report · Oct. 2026
$42.2M
Second land deed from Martin Land Co. to Amazon Data Services, recorded Jan. 2025
county deed records County deed records · Jan. 2025
$100M and $1.5M a year
state tax-exemption program minimums: investment over three years and annual payroll
State agency · Sept. 2025
Land assembly

2 recorded land documents for the campus company in county records (Jan. 2025); 2 list a price. 1 related-party transfer is shown greyed. Parcel counts come from the deed; acreage is not recorded.

Timeline

What happened, and what is due

SitePaper trailConstructionPowerPermitsMoneyLegalUpcoming
  1. Jan. 19, 2023
    Site Satellite readings first show about 70 hectares of cleared ground on the site, two years before the construction start the permit filings report; the records do not say what that early work was.
  2. Oct. 23, 2024
    Power AES Ohio and Amazon file their transmission construction agreement with FERC, the first public trace of the project. State agency · Oct. 2024
  3. Dec. 16, 2024
    Money Ohio announces a $10B Amazon Web Services expansion across the state; Fayette County is not named. Company · Dec. 2024
  4. Dec. 20, 2024
    Power FERC accepts the utility agreement over a protest from Ohio's consumer advocate. State agency · Dec. 2024
  5. Jan. 16, 2025
    Money Land purchase recorded at $60.2M: Martin Land CO to Amazon Data Services Inc (7 parcels) County deed records · Jan. 2025
  6. Jan. 22, 2025
    Money County records show Amazon bought 589 acres for about $102.4M next to the Honda-LG battery plant (press). News report · Jan. 2025
  7. Feb. 6, 2025
    Permits The Corps of Engineers authorizes Phase 1A wetland fill. State agency · Feb. 2025
  8. March 26, 2025
    Construction Phase 1A construction begins, according to Amazon's contractor report to Ohio EPA. State agency · Dec. 2025
  9. Nov. 12, 2025
    Permits Ohio EPA issues the water quality certification covering both phases. State agency · Nov. 2025
  10. Dec. 29, 2025
    Permits The Corps of Engineers offers Amazon the individual wetland permit for Phase 1B. State agency · Dec. 2025
  11. Sept. 21, 2026
    Permits Fayette County freezes new data center zoning in seven townships through June 1, 2027; Jefferson Township, where Amazon is building, is not covered. News report · Oct. 2026
  12. Sept. 15, 2027
    Power Minimum load under the utility contract reaches 336 MW. News report · Nov. 2024
Construction activity

Building activity by quarter

Since April 2021: 4 FAA filings (Feb. 2026 to Sept. 2026): tallest crane 211 ft (Sept. 2026); 76 satellite captures.

FAA filings
Satellite
’22
’23
’24
’25
’26
Dot size: records in the quarter, largest = 6. Two-digit years mark each first quarter.
The buildings

Specs

359.56 acres
permitted project area; Amazon bought 589 acres for about $102.4M (press)
News report · Jan. 2025
15 data halls + 4 support buildings
plus a utility pumping station
State agency · Nov. 2025
1.10 acres of wetland fill
authorized across both phases
State agency · Nov. 2025
Who is involved

Owners, partners and builders

Owner and operator
  • Amazon Data Services Inc.: developer, permit holder and land buyer
  • Amazon Web Services: the user of the campus
Power
  • AES Ohio (Dayton Power and Light): retail utility, being sold
  • The AES Corporation: parent of AES Ohio
Advisers and sellers
  • Kimley-Horn and Associates: environmental consultant
  • Red Stone Farm Wetland Mitigation Bank: seller of wetland credits
Government and watchdogs
  • Ohio EPA and U.S. Army Corps of Engineers: wetland permits
  • Fayette County Board of Commissioners
  • Office of the Ohio Consumers' Counsel: protested the utility deal
  • JobsOhio: state partner in the Dec. 2024 announcement
Still unknown

Open questions

Where this comes from

365 records from 38 documents

Drawn from news reports, public and commercial datasets, state agency records, company statements, securities filings and satellite captures, each kept with its date and source. The bar shows documents by type.

News report 18Dataset 8State agency 7Company 3SEC filing 2Satellite 1
Evidence

Every quote behind this page

Grade key: A = the primary record itself (permit, filing, exhibit) · B = a dated official statement · C = news reporting. Map distances are our own measurements on OpenStreetMap and carry no grade. Allegations in lawsuits are marked as such in the quotes.

Power (16)
  • Buildings: 19 (15 data processing + 4 ancillary, plus a utility pumping station)
    “The CMH205 Project would include the construction of fifteen data processing buildings, four ancillary buildings, a utility pumping station, internal roads, access drives, and stormwater management systems”
    State agency · Nov. 2025 · grade A
  • Utility: AES Ohio (The Dayton Power and Light Company)
    “The Dayton Power and Light Company submits tariff filing per 35.13(a)(2)(iii: Transmission Customer New or Upgraded Service Construction Service Agreement to be effective 12/23/2024 under ER25-192”
    State agency · Oct. 2024 · grade A
  • Nearest substation: Fayette Substation (AES Ohio, 345/138 kV) - 0.39 km
    Measured on OpenStreetMap map data.
    OpenStreetMap · Oct. 2026
  • Nearest power line of 345 kV or more: unnamed (345 kV) - 0.60 km
    Measured on OpenStreetMap map data.
    OpenStreetMap · Oct. 2026
  • Nearest power line of 138 kV: unnamed (138 kV) - 0.48 km
    Measured on OpenStreetMap map data.
    OpenStreetMap · Oct. 2026
  • Nearest gas pipeline: REX-East Pipeline (gas, Rockies Express Pipeline LLC) - 4.70 km
    Measured on OpenStreetMap map data.
    OpenStreetMap · Oct. 2026
  • Stated campus size: not stated
    “The Bluegrass Power Generation facility will operate behind-the-meter to serve the electric load of nearby future industrial customers”
    State agency · Oct. 2026 · grade B
  • IT capacity: not stated
    “IT load never disclosed by Amazon or in any filing opened (FERC CSA coverage, Ohio EPA 401 record, OPSB record); documented absence as of 2026-10-18”
    State agency · Oct. 2026 · grade C
  • PUCO unanimously approves the sale of AES Ohio (part of The AES Corporation's utility sale); closing expected end of 2026 or early 2027 once FERC approval is received, the campus's utility counterparty will change owner
    “Following this week's unanimous approval by PUCO, the AES acquisition remains on track to close at the end of this year or early next year once it receives FERC approval”
    News report · Sept. 2026 · grade C
  • AES Ohio files an unopposed three-year rate plan stipulation at PUCO including a new Data Center Tariff (Case Nos. 25-958-EL-AIR et al.); pending approval, the future tariff framework for AES Ohio data center service be
    “A new Data Center Tariff is included as recommended by the PUCO, ensuring that data centers pay for their specific costs”
    News report · July 2026 · grade C
  • Utility service: 1,500 MW
    “the possible data center would be at the Midwest Mega Commerce Center in Fayette County's Jefferson Twp. and that operations could start in September 2026”
    News report · 2025 · grade C
  • On-site generation: not stated
    “AES Ohio notes that the arrangements addressed in the CSA do not involve co-location of the data center with any generating facilities”
    News report · Dec. 2024 · grade C
  • Power plan: grid, AES Ohio retail high-voltage service (PUCO Tariff 22); no co-located generation
    “Amazon will be an AES Ohio retail customer that will not take transmission service under a PJM Interconnection tariff”
    News report · Dec. 2024 · grade C
  • large load interconnection request: Transmission Construction Service Agreement (AES Ohio - Amazon Data Services) accepted, effective December 23, 2024
    “FERC in December accepted the proposed CSA, effective December 23, 2024, as requested.”
    News report · Dec. 2024 · grade C
  • Utility service: 1,500 MW
    “the facility's load is expected to grow from 65 MW when it starts operations to 480 MW within a year, and then ramp up to a total of 1,500 MW during the project's second and third phases”
    News report · Nov. 2024 · grade C
  • Current target date: Sept. 15, 2026 (phase 1, per CSA; achievement not confirmed in sources checked)
    “the facility's load is expected to grow from 65 MW when it starts operations — slated for Sept. 15, 2026”
    News report · Nov. 2024 · grade C
Money and contracts (36)
  • mitigation credit purchase: scope 0.7 nonforested wetland credits purchased March 11, 2025 for Phase 1 impacts (0.46 acres of Category 1 PEM wetlands) credits
    “the certification holder completed purchase of 0.7 nonforested wetland credit from Red Stone Farm Wetland Mitigation Bank for Phase 1 of the project on March 11, 2025”
    State agency · Nov. 2025 · grade A
  • mitigation credit purchase: condition 1.0 nonforested wetland credit required for Phase 2 (Phase 1B) impacts (0.64 acres); copy of the fully executed bank agreement due to Ohio EPA within 30 days of certification and no
    “As mitigation for 0.64 acres of nonforested category 1 wetland impact for Phase 2 of the project, the certification holder shall purchase 1.0 nonforested wetland credit from Red Stone Farm Wetland Mitigation Bank”
    State agency · Nov. 2025 · grade A
  • state data center sales tax exemption (ORC 122.175), program terms: eligibility Capital investment project of at least $100 million at the project site over three consecutive calendar years (projects beginning in or aft
    “make payments for a capital investment project of at least one hundred million dollars at the project site during one of the following cumulative periods: (iii) For projects beginning in or after 2015, three consecutive calendar years”
    State agency · Sept. 2025 · grade A
  • state data center sales tax exemption (ORC 122.175), program terms: payroll commitment At least $1.5 million in annual compensation subject to Ohio withholding, for each year of the agreement beginning on or after the f
    “pay annual compensation that is subject to the withholding obligation imposed under section 5747.06 of the Revised Code of at least one million five hundred thousand dollars to employees at the eligible computer data center”
    State agency · Sept. 2025 · grade A
  • state data center sales tax exemption (ORC 122.175), program terms: scope of exemption Up to 100% exemption from Ohio sales/use tax (ORC Chapters 5739/5741) on computer data center equipment, including delivery, install
    “The tax credit authority may completely or partially exempt from the taxes levied under Chapters 5739. and 5741. of the Revised Code the sale, storage, use, or other consumption of computer data center equipment”
    State agency · Sept. 2025 · grade A
  • state data center sales tax exemption (ORC 122.175), program terms: condition, maintain operations The center must remain eligible and the applicant must maintain operations for the agreement term; if operations cease
    “shall not claim the tax exemption authorized in the agreement for any purchase of computer data center equipment made during the period in which the applicant did not maintain operations at the eligible computer data center”
    State agency · Sept. 2025 · grade A
  • state data center sales tax exemption (ORC 122.175), program terms: remedy / recapture-equivalent On noncompliance the Tax Credit Authority may amend the agreement to reduce the exemption percentage or shorten the term,
    “the tax credit authority may amend the agreement to reduce the percentage of the exemption or term during which the exemption applies to the computer data center equipment”
    State agency · Sept. 2025 · grade A
  • state data center sales tax exemption (ORC 122.175), program terms: reporting Each taxpayer must annually report employment, tax withholding and capital investment to the Director of Development, who annually verifies c
    “each taxpayer subject to the agreement annually report to the director of development employment, tax withholding, capital investment, and other information required by the director”
    State agency · Sept. 2025 · grade A
  • transmission construction service agreement: term / effectiveness FERC order accepting the CSA issued Dec. 20, 2024 (notational order); CSA effective Dec. 23, 2024 as requested; Christie concurrence
    “Order Accepting Construction Service Agreement re The Dayton Power and Light Company under ER25-192. Commissioner Christie is concurring with a separate statement attached”
    State agency · Dec. 2024 · grade A
  • transmission construction service agreement: scope Executed agreement governing construction of new transmission facilities needed to provide retail and transmission service for phase 1 of the Jefferson Township data cen
    “The Dayton Power and Light Company submits tariff filing per 35.13(a)(2)(iii: Transmission Customer New or Upgraded Service Construction Service Agreement to be effective 12/23/2024 under ER25-192”
    State agency · Oct. 2024 · grade A
  • Land purchase (recorded deed): contract value USD
    “Recorded: Aug. 4, 2025 · Grantor: AMAZON DATA SERVICES INC · Grantee: AMAZON DATA SERVICES INC · Parcel number: 060-016-0-00-015-00 · Address: 000 ADDRESS EXCEPTION · City: CITY EXCEPTION”
    County deed records · Aug. 2025 · grade B
  • Land purchase (recorded deed): contract value 60206900 USD
    “Recorded: Jan. 16, 2025 · Price: $60,206,900 · Grantor: MARTIN LAND CO · Grantee: AMAZON DATA SERVICES INC · Parcel number: 060-012-0-00-031-03 · Address: 11267 STATE ROUTE 729 · City: JEFFERSONVILLE”
    County deed records · Jan. 2025 · grade B
  • Land purchase (recorded deed): contract value 42193400 USD
    “Recorded: Jan. 16, 2025 · Price: $42,193,400 · Grantor: MARTIN LAND CO · Grantee: AMAZON DATA SERVICES INC · Parcel number: 060-016-0-00-012-05 · Address: OLD US HWY 35 NW · City: JEFFERSONVILLE”
    County deed records · Jan. 2025 · grade B
  • First announced: Nov. 2024 (project surfaced via coverage of the OCC protest to the Oct. 23, 2024 FERC filing; statewide $10B AWS plan announced Dec. 16, 2024 without naming Fayette County)
    “AWS plans to expand its data centers outside of Central Ohio in additional communities across the state. The company has not finalized the locations for investment”
    Company · Dec. 2024 · grade B
  • Governor DeWine, Lt. Gov. Husted, Ohio Department of Development and JobsOhio announce AWS's estimated $10B greater-Ohio data center expansion through 2030; locations not finalized and plans contingent on execution of lo
    “Investment plans are contingent upon the execution of long-term energy service agreements”
    Company · Dec. 2024 · grade B
  • AWS Ohio program context (not campus figures): $10B new plan (Dec 2024) on top of a $7.8B plan (2023) and $6B+ invested through 2022, $23B+ announced through 2030, across up to eight new Ohio locations. Portfolio number
    “bringing the company's announced planned investment in Ohio since 2015 to more than $23 billion by the end of 2030”
    Company · Dec. 2024 · grade B
  • Tenant status: owner-occupied; no third-party tenant
    “Amazon plans to spend $5 billion in Fayette County alone by 2030 on new data centers, a spokesperson for the company told The Dispatch”
    News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
  • Incentives: Ohio data center sales & use tax exemption (ORC 122.175): campus covered by Amazon affiliate Vadata Inc.'s pre-existing statewide 100% exemption agreement (signed 2014, could run through 2055); no Fayette-spe
    “Amazon, under an affiliate called Vadata Inc., signed an agreement in 2014 for a full sales tax exemption that could last through 2055”
    News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
  • data center sales tax exemption agreement (statewide): scope Full (100%) sales tax exemption signed in 2014 that could last through 2055; Kasich-era statewide agreements for Amazon, Google and Meta apply to any data cent
    “Amazon, under an affiliate called Vadata Inc., signed an agreement in 2014 for a full sales tax exemption that could last through 2055”
    News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
  • local property tax abatement (CRA / enterprise zone): finding, none found No local property-tax abatement, PILOT, or community reinvestment area agreement for CMH205 was found in the sources checked (Oct. 18, 2026); the ca
    “Amazon: Invested $102 million in a 590-acre data center campus in Jeffersonville, Ohio”
    News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
  • electric service agreement (PUCO): finding, tariff route, no campus ESA No PUCO-approved campus-specific electric service agreement exists; CMH205 takes service under Tariff 22 plus the FERC-filed CSA. PUCO's 2025 data
    “each EDU in the state either has a pending data center tariff (i.e. Duke Energy Ohio, Inc. (Case No. 26-755-EL-ATA), The Dayton Power and Light Company d/b/a AES Ohio (Case Nos. 25-958-El-AIR et al.)”
    News report · Sept. 2026 · grade C
  • PUCO rate plan settlement: scope, includes data center tariff Unopposed stipulation for a three-year rate plan (distribution rates through 2029) filed July 21, 2026, including a new AES Ohio Data Center Tariff as recommend
    “A new Data Center Tariff is included as recommended by the PUCO, ensuring that data centers pay for their specific costs”
    News report · July 2026 · grade C
  • data center sales tax exemption agreement (statewide): scope, not site-specific The exemption applies to any data centers the companies build in Ohio; the Amazon/Google/Meta breaks are estimated at $1.8 billion combined
    “Under former Gov. John Kasich's administration, officials offered a 100% tax break for up to 40 years in exchange for an $8 billion investment. The exemption applies to any data centers the companies build in Ohio”
    News report · June 2026 · grade C
  • Tenants: Amazon Web Services (owner-operator)
    “The Fayette County site, which will be the company's first data center site outside of central Ohio”
    News report · Jan. 2025 · grade C
  • Stated capital cost: 5000000000 USD
    “Amazon plans to spend $5 billion in Fayette County alone by 2030 on new data centers”
    News report · Jan. 2025 · grade C
  • Land acres purchased: 589 acres
    “Amazon Data Services Inc. purchased 243 acres of land for $60.2 million just outside Jeffersonville, according to records filed with the Fayette County Auditor. Amazon also purchased 346 acres for almost $42.2 million”
    News report · Jan. 2025 · grade C
  • Land price total: 102400000 USD
    “Amazon has paid more than $100 million to purchase two parcels of land for data centers in Fayette County next to Honda and LG's battery plant”
    News report · Jan. 2025 · grade C
  • Fayette County Auditor records reported by the Columbus Dispatch: Amazon Data Services bought 243 acres for $60.2M and 346 acres for $42.2M next to the Honda-LG battery plant, the CMH205 land position (589 acres, ~$102.
    “Amazon has paid more than $100 million to purchase two parcels of land for data centers in Fayette County next to Honda and LG's battery plant”
    News report · Jan. 2025 · grade C
  • transmission construction service agreement: scope, no co-location The arrangements do not involve co-location of the data center with any generating facilities
    “AES Ohio notes that the arrangements addressed in the CSA do not involve co-location of the data center with any generating facilities”
    News report · Dec. 2024 · grade C
  • transmission construction service agreement: rate treatment condition AES Ohio intends to seek rolled-in rate treatment for the Network Upgrade costs in future proceedings before state and/or federal agencies; the FERC o
    “The CSA only sets forth AES Ohio's intention to seek rolled-in rate treatment in a future filing with the relevant state or federal agency”
    News report · Dec. 2024 · grade C
  • transmission construction service agreement: service terms Retail service exclusively under PUCO-jurisdictional Tariff 22 (Electric Distribution Service, High Voltage); Amazon takes no transmission service under the PJM
    “AES Ohio explained that it serves certain customers at high voltage delivery points under its Public Utility Commission of Ohio-jurisdictional Tariff — Electric Distribution Service -- High Voltage (Tariff 22)”
    News report · Dec. 2024 · grade C
  • transmission construction service agreement: minimum load Minimum Load ramps from 45.5 MW when operations begin to 336 MW by Sept. 15, 2027 (70% of expected load at each step) MW
    “the data center's required minimum load ramps up from 45.5 MW when it begins operating to 336 MW by Sept. 15, 2027”
    News report · Nov. 2024 · grade C
  • transmission construction service agreement: load ramp (expected) Phase 1 expected load 65 MW at start of operations rising to 480 MW within one year; phases 2 and 3 ramp to 1,500 MW total by Jan 2,031 MW
    “the facility's load is expected to grow from 65 MW when it starts operations to 480 MW within a year, and then ramp up to a total of 1,500 MW during the project's second and third phases”
    News report · Nov. 2024 · grade C
  • transmission construction service agreement: termination / cost responsibility Amazon pays AES Ohio the anticipated network upgrade costs if the data center does not start operations, does not maintain the Minimum Load o
    “requires Amazon to pay AES Ohio the anticipated upgrade costs if the data center in Jefferson Township, Ohio, does not start operations; does not maintain a minimum load over 10 years”
    News report · Nov. 2024 · grade C
  • transmission construction service agreement: cost Phase 1 network upgrade costs expected to total $22.8 million; Amazon pays transmission charges via the Transmission Cost Recovery Rider (TCRR), expected to generate reve
    “AES Ohio said its agreement with Amazon is designed to shield the utility's other customers from its share of the project's costs, expected to total $22.8 million in the first phase”
    News report · Nov. 2024 · grade C
  • regulatory protest: challenge to cost allocation OCC protest filed Nov. 13, 2024 asked FERC to require the CSA to state unequivocally that Network Upgrade costs be collected exclusively through TCRR charges to Amazon regard
    “To protect consumers, FERC should require AES Ohio and Amazon to amend this language and unequivocally state that the Network Upgrade costs will be exclusively collected by AES Ohio through TCRR charges to Amazon”
    News report · Nov. 2024 · grade C
Permits and government (19)
  • Construction stage: under construction, Phase 1A built out from March 26, 2025 (permittee: complete by Feb 2026); Phase 1B upland grading under way; energization not confirmed
    “Construction of Phase 1A began on March 26, 2025, and is anticipated to be complete by February 2026”
    State agency · Dec. 2025 · grade A
  • Section 404 Individual Permit application: application submitted
    “ADS submitted the IP application to USACE on May 6, 2025”
    State agency · Dec. 2025 · grade A
  • Section 404 Individual Permit: initial proffered permit issued
    “USACE provided the initial proffered 404 permit on December 29, 2025”
    State agency · Dec. 2025 · grade A
  • Compliance, SWPPP inspection finding: incident reported and remediated
    “an inspector observed perimeter controls and some soil/aggregate were pushed over into Wetland 4 when a span crossing was removed, and lack of erosion and sediment controls caused sedimentation in approximately 0.02 acres”
    State agency · Dec. 2025 · grade A
  • Phase 1A construction began (permittee's annual report to Ohio EPA); exclusionary roping installed March 10, 2025 and silt fencing placed around preserved wetlands
    “Construction of Phase 1A began on March 26, 2025, and is anticipated to be complete by February 2026”
    State agency · Dec. 2025 · grade A
  • CMH205 Data Center, Amazon Data Services; Corps Public Notice LRH-2010-276-SCR; : Section 401 Water Quality Certification granted
    “Fayette County / Jeffersonville Grant of a Section 401 Water Quality Certification; Corps Public Notice No. LRH-2010-276-SCR; Ohio EPA ID No. 251528A1”
    State agency · Nov. 2025 · grade A
  • Section 404 Nationwide Permit 39 authorization: authorized
    “Impacts to Wetlands 3 and 4 for Phase 1 of the project were authorized under a NWP 39 issued on 2/7/2025”
    State agency · Nov. 2025 · grade A
  • Section 401 Water Quality Certification: issued with conditions
    “I hereby certify that the above referenced project will comply with the applicable provisions of sections 301, 302, 303, 306, and 307 of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act”
    State agency · Nov. 2025 · grade A
  • Ohio EPA issues the Section 401 Water Quality Certification (251528A1) for the whole CMH205 project (Phases 1A + 1B, cumulative 1.10 acres of wetland impacts)
    “Fayette County / Jeffersonville — Grant of a Section 401 Water Quality Certification — Corps Public Notice No. LRH-2010-276-SCR — Ohio EPA ID No. 251528A1”
    State agency · Nov. 2025 · grade A
  • USACE authorized Phase 1A of the CMH205 Project under NWP 39 (LRH-2010-276-SCR-M: Nationwide Permit 39 verification - Phase 1A construction began
    “'On February 6, 2025, the USACE authorized Phase 1A of the CMH205 Project under NWP 39 (LRH-2010-276-SCR-Missouri Ditch)' and 'Construction of Phase 1A began on March 26, 2025'”
    State agency · Feb. 2025 · grade A
  • FAA obstruction evaluation (7460-1): Determined - No Hazard
    “ASN 2026-AGL-14862-OE: 184358-CRANE-P002, Crane, 211 ft AGL, 1260 ft AMSL, 39.63039,-83.57710, Determined - No Hazard, submitted 2026-09-16”
    FAA · Sept. 2026 · grade B
  • FAA obstruction evaluation (7460-1): Determined - No Hazard
    “ASN 2026-AGL-14861-OE: 184358-CRANE-P003, Crane, 206 ft AGL, 1256 ft AMSL, 39.63099,-83.57444, Determined - No Hazard, submitted 2026-09-16”
    FAA · Sept. 2026 · grade B
  • FAA obstruction evaluation (7460-1): Determined - No Hazard
    “ASN 2025-AGL-10412-OE: 174939-Crane-34531-002, Crane, 206 ft AGL, 1257 ft AMSL, 39.63290,-83.57711, Determined - No Hazard, submitted 2026-05-29”
    FAA · May 2026 · grade B
  • FAA obstruction evaluation (7460-1): Determined - No Hazard
    “ASN 2026-AGL-2892-OE: CRANE-P002, Crane, 206 ft AGL, 1255 ft AMSL, 39.63039,-83.57710, Determined - No Hazard, submitted 2026-02-10”
    FAA · Feb. 2026 · grade B
  • FAA crane filings: 186 cases in 10NM circle; 77 cases prefixed '184358-CRANE-Pnnn' all submitted 09/16/2026, plus a Feb 2026 wave of Pnnn / CRANE-Pnnn pairs (P002-P110) spanning lat 39.548-39.631, lon -83.311 to -83.577
    “Crane-case cluster is centered on the Jeffersonville megasite”
    FAA · Oct. 2026 · grade C
  • Fayette County commissioners freeze NEW data center projects in seven rural townships through June 1, 2027 (authorized projects exempt; Jefferson Township not covered). The vote followed weeks of annexation petitions by Je
    “The action came after weeks of annexation petitions in Jefferson Township, where property owners have sought to move farmland into the Village of Jeffersonville ahead of possible large-scale development”
    News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
  • Governor DeWine pauses NEW data center sales tax exemption applications while a legislative committee studies the program; the exemption cost the state about $1.57B in 2025. Existing agreements, including Amazon's 2014
    “Gov. Mike DeWine paused new applications on May 27 while a legislative committee studies data center growth”
    News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
  • Fayette County Board of Commissioners: Data center moratorium: resolution stops county staff from accepting or processing zoning certificates, rezoning requests and building permits for data centers in the unincorporated
    “Data center developers face a closed door in much of Fayette County for the next nine months after county commissioners voted to freeze new projects in seven rural townships”
    News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
  • Office of the Ohio Consumers' Counsel protests the AES Ohio–Amazon CSA at FERC (ER25-192), arguing the rolled-in rate treatment understanding is vague and could shift network upgrade costs to residential customers
    “the language in the proposed agreement is vague and undefined and ambiguous, leaving residential ratepayers without adequate protections from the project's potential costs”
    News report · Nov. 2024 · grade C
Site and other (18)
  • Stage: building, under construction; not confirmed operating as of Oct. 18, 2026
    “The initial phase (referred to as Phase 1A) of the CMH205 Project is currently under construction”
    State agency · Dec. 2025 · grade A
  • Project footprint acres: 359.56 acres
    “The CMH205 Project will result in the construction and operation of a data center facility on approximately 359.56 acres of land located in Jeffersonville, Fayette County, Ohio”
    State agency · Dec. 2025 · grade A
  • SWPPP inspection found soil/aggregate pushed into Wetland 4 (~0.02 acres sedimentation) during Phase 1 construction; remediated within 5 days; within authorized disturbance limits
    “Within 5 days of the observation, this displaced soil material was removed from the wetland, and erosion and sediment controls (i.e., double silt fence) were reinstalled”
    State agency · Dec. 2025 · grade A
  • Project name: CMH205 Data Center
    “Re: CMH205 Data Center; Subject: CMH205 Data Center, Fayette County / Jeffersonville - Grant of a Section 401 Water Quality Certification”
    State agency · Nov. 2025 · grade A
  • Certification holder: Amazon Data Services, 5109 Hayden Run Road, Hilliard, OH 43026
    “Amazon Data Services, 5109 Hayden Run Road, Hilliard, OH 43026; Ohio EPA ID No. 251528A1”
    State agency · Nov. 2025 · grade A
  • Site area: 348 acres near Jeffersonville, Fayette County OH; 15 data processing buildings + 4 ancillary buildings + utility pumping station
    “I have determined that a lowering of water quality in the Paint Creek watershed (HUC 05060003) as authorized by this certification is necessary.”
    State agency · Nov. 2025 · grade A
  • Name: AWS Fayette County (CMH205 Data Center)
    “Subject: CMH205 Data Center — Fayette County / Jeffersonville — Grant of a Section 401 Water Quality Certification”
    State agency · Nov. 2025 · grade A
  • Developer: Amazon Data Services Inc.
    “Re: CMH205 Data Center — Amazon Data Services, 5109 Hayden Run Road, Hilliard, OH 43026”
    State agency · Nov. 2025 · grade A
  • Watershed: Headwaters Sugar Creek (HUC 05060003-02-01), Paint Creek watershed (HUC 05060003)
    “The project is located in the Headwaters Sugar Creek Watershed (HUC 05060003-02-01)”
    State agency · Nov. 2025 · grade A
  • Buildings mapped: 0 buildings
    Measured on OpenStreetMap map data.
    OpenStreetMap · Oct. 2026
  • County code: 39047
    “buildings: Fayette County County OH (39047)”
    Dataset · Oct. 2026 · grade B
  • Site acres: 359.56 acres
    “The CMH205 Project will result in the construction and operation of a data center facility on approximately 359.56 acres of land located in Jeffersonville, Fayette County, Ohio”
    State agency · Dec. 2025 · grade B
  • Development stage: under construction
    “Construction of Phase 1A began on March 26, 2025, and is anticipated to be complete by February 2026”
    State agency · Dec. 2025 · grade B
  • Buildings planned: 15 buildings
    “The CMH205 Project would include the construction of fifteen data processing buildings, four ancillary buildings, a utility pumping station”
    State agency · Nov. 2025 · grade B
  • Site hiring: Amazon is staffing the Jeffersonville, OH site (Fayette County) through Amazon Data Services postings: Data Center Controls Engineer and Controls Technician (Capacity Delivery / Data Center Controls), Data C
    “Data Center Controls Technician, AWS Data Centers Controls Team in Jeffersonville, OH, US”
    News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
  • AWS hiring at Jeffersonville, OH (Fayette County) spans construction-delivery and operations roles (controls engineer/technician, chief engineer DCEO, security specialist for 'CMH- Jeffersonville'), evidencing an active
    “Data Center Security Specialist, CMH- Jeffersonville Security in Jeffersonville, OH, US”
    News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
  • Amazon job posting for a Data Center Engineering Operations Technician in Jeffersonville (aggregator mirror), consistent with pre-operations staffing ahead of the CSA's phase-1 operations date; not proof of energization
    “As a Data Center Engineering Operations Technician, you'll play a pivotal role in maintaining the heartbeat of mission-critical technology infrastructure”
    News report · Sept. 2026 · grade C
  • Original target date: Sept. 15, 2026
    “for the first phase of a proposed Amazon data center to be located in Jefferson Township, Ohio, with an expected commercial operations date of September 15, 2026”
    News report · Oct. 2024 · grade C

Imagery and records: Satellite and aerial imagery: local aerial photography via Esri World Imagery Wayback; Sentinel-2 (ESA Copernicus). County deeds: ATTOM.