The site
The site from above
1- 1Circe main campus
- 2Circe E Monahans
Power
Power and the grid
120 MW contracted
On-site gas engines, Cummins HSK78 and QSK60 (behind the meter)Ordered; permits issued, size unknown
up to 120 MW in the letter of intent; Circe says about 2 GW is on order across sites; unit counts are not disclosed SEC filing · Oct. 2025
Contracted
Not used, not on record, or dropped
- Utility grid Not used by designnone: off-grid by design, with no ERCOT queue position SEC filing · Aug. 2026
Getting on the grid
Who supplies what, what it costs, and what is still not public.
- Oct. 27, 2025First air registration issuedTexas issues a registration for Circe Permian Data Center, listed as fossil-fuel electric generation, near I-20 Exit 86. see Permits
- March 30, 2026Second registration, 9 km awayA second registration covers the East Monahans campus; the portal does not say whether it is a second block or a separate generation site. see Permits
- June 16, 2026Cummins supply agreement announcedCummins agrees to supply natural gas generator sets and microgrid controls, with deliveries scheduled 2026 through 2030. Company · June 2026
- Not setGas supply and pipeline: none disclosedThe company's release mentions fuel supply arrangements only as a platform feature; no gas contract for this site is on record. Company · Oct. 2026
- Circe designs, owns and runs behind-the-meter power for customers; its own website shows one completed project, a 4 MW plant. Company · Oct. 2026
- No plant for this campus appears in EIA's federal generator inventory (EIA-860M, Aug. 2026). That inventory covers grid-connected plants only, so an off-grid plant may not be listed yet. State agency · Oct. 2026
Permits
Permits checklist
2 granted · 3 checked, nothing on file
- ✓Air registration, Circe Permian Data Center GrantedTexas Commission on Environmental Quality · Oct. 27, 2025: issued to Circe Energy, LLC; generator size not in the public record State agency · Oct. 2025
- ✓Air registration, East Monahans campus GrantedTexas Commission on Environmental Quality · March 30, 2026: issued to Circe Energy, LLC; about 9 km from the first site State agency · March 2026
- –Checked, nothing on file: Air permit for a 1,100 MW plant, Grid interconnection, County approvals
Risks
What could slow it down
- HighThin evidence behind the headlineEvery figure traces to two June 2026 press releases; the 1,100 MW campus, 1,950 acres and 2 GW order have no independent record.
- HighNo tenant or financingNo customer, offtake, lender or investor is on record for a campus of this size. News report · Oct. 2026
- HighSponsor scaleCirce's own site shows one completed 4 MW project, and a third-party profile estimates 1 to 10 employees. Company · Oct. 2026
- MediumPermitted size unknownTwo air registrations are issued, but a 1,100 MW gas plant would be a major source needing a larger permit, and none is on the state's pending list. see Permits
- MediumTexas permit pauseAny new state permit for the campus is gated by the Sept. 2026 pause, and ERCOT paused large-load approvals. News report · Sept. 2026
Money
Money on record
Not on record: financing: no lender, investor or raise found News report · Oct. 2026; Cummins order value: not disclosed, neither company gives a price, deposit or terms Company · Oct. 2026; tenant or offtake: no tenant, letter of intent or contract announced for the full campus News report · Oct. 2026
Timeline
What happened, and what is due
SitePaper trailConstructionPowerPermitsMoneyLegalUpcoming
- Oct. 17, 2025Money A third company's confidential IPO filing mentions a letter of intent with Circe for a 10 MW data center and up to 120 MW of gas power in West Texas. SEC filing · Oct. 2025
- Oct. 27, 2025Permits Texas issues an air registration to Circe Energy, LLC near Monahans. State agency · Oct. 2025
- March 30, 2026Permits Texas issues a second air registration for an East Monahans site. State agency · March 2026
- June 16, 2026Power Cummins announces an agreement to supply gas generators for a Circe data center microgrid in West Texas; this is the first public announcement of the campus. Company · June 2026
- June 17, 2026Site Circe's own release claims about 2 GW of generation ordered and a 1,100 MW campus on 1,950 acres. News report · June 2026
- Aug. 4, 2026Money Cummins repeats the Circe agreement in its SEC-filed quarterly results, with no MW figure. SEC filing · Aug. 2026
- Sept. 21, 2026Permits The Texas governor pauses new data center permits and ERCOT pauses large-load energization approvals pending an audit. News report · Sept. 2026
- 2027Construction The company's first-phase launch target; its own figures for it have changed between 50 MW and 150 MW. Company · Oct. 2026
Construction activity
Satellite captures by quarter
Since Oct. 2021: 74 satellite captures. The chart starts in the first quarter of 2023; 7 earlier records are not drawn.
Satellite
’23
’24
’25
’26
Dot size: records in the quarter, largest = 6. Two-digit years mark each first quarter.
The buildings
Specs
Cummins HSK78 and QSK60
natural gas reciprocating engines in a microgrid, prime power
- Liquid cooling: direct-to-chip, with waste-heat recovery Company · Oct. 2026
Who is involved
Owners, partners and builders
Developer
- Circe Energy: Houston power-as-a-service company, founded 2023
- Circe Energy, LLC: permit holder
- Dagan Baroco: chief commercial officer, the only named principal
Equipment
- Cummins: supplier of the gas generator sets and microgrid controls
Third-party filer
- QumulusAI: names the Circe letter of intent in its confidential IPO filing
Government
- Texas Commission on Environmental Quality: air registrations
- ERCOT: large-load pause
Still unknown
Open questions
- Any customer or financing.
- The generator size covered by the two air registrations.
- Where the land is and who owns it.
- Whether any construction has started.
Where this comes from
320 records from 18 documents
Drawn from company statements, news reports, securities filings, public and commercial datasets, state agency records and satellite captures, each kept with its date and source. The bar shows documents by type.
Company 6News report 4SEC filing 4Dataset 4State agency 3Satellite 0
Evidence
Every quote behind this page
Grade key: A = the primary record itself (permit, filing, exhibit) · B = a dated official statement · C = news reporting. Map distances are our own measurements on OpenStreetMap and carry no grade. Allegations in lawsuits are marked as such in the quotes.
Power (27)
- Equipment agreement: Cummins Inc. disclosed (Q2 2026 earnings release, Ex-99.1 to its Aug. 4, 2026 8-K) a June 2026 agreement with Circe Energy to supply natural gas generator sets (HSK78 and QSK60 platforms) for a behind-“Cummins announced an agreement with Circe Energy to provide a series of natural gas generator sets to support a scalable, behind-the-meter, prime power microgrid solution for their High-Performance Computing (HPC) data center in Texas”SEC filing · Aug. 2026 · grade A
- Interconnection status: No grid interconnection sought - behind-the-meter prime-power microgrid (Cummins natural gas generator sets under a June 20, 2026 agreement disclosed in Cummins' Q2 2026 earnings release); Ward Co“Cummins announced an agreement with Circe Energy to provide a series of natural gas generator sets to support a scalable, behind-the-meter, prime power microgrid solution for their High-Performance Computing (HPC) data center in Texas”SEC filing · Aug. 2026 · grade A
- Cummins is scheduled to deliver HSK78 and QSK60 natural gas generator sets to Circe Energy from 2026 through 2030 for the Texas HPC microgrid - an equipment-procurement signal from a public filer's own release, though Cu“Deliveries are scheduled from 2026 through 2030”SEC filing · Aug. 2026 · grade A
- Development stage: Permitted, no construction evidence - two air NSRs ISSUED (181822 on Oct. 27, 2025; 183234 on March 30, 2026); no construction evidence found“CIRCE PERMIAN DATA CENTER | Air New Source Permit 181822 | ISSUED PERMIT | Circe Energy, Llc; CIRCE ENERGY DATA CENTERS E MONAHANS CAMPUS | Air New Source Permit 183234 | ISSUED PERMIT”State agency · June 2026 · grade A
- IT capacity: 10 MW“a letter of intent with Circe Energy, LLC for a 10 MW Direct-to-Chip (DTC) cooling data center and up to 120 MW of gas generation power in West Texas”SEC filing · Oct. 2025 · grade A
- On-site generation: 120 MW“a letter of intent with Circe Energy, LLC for a 10 MW Direct-to-Chip (DTC) cooling data center and up to 120 MW of gas generation power in West Texas”SEC filing · Oct. 2025 · grade A
- Stated campus size: 1,100 MW“Launching with 50MW in 2026, 150MW in 2027, and scaling to 1.1GW by 2030”Company · Oct. 2026 · grade B
- Interconnection status: none - no ERCOT queue position; behind-the-meter model per company statements“without reliability on the grid”Company · Oct. 2026 · grade B
- Current target date: 2027“Launching with 50MW in 2026, 150MW in 2027, and scaling to 1.1GW by 2030”Company · Oct. 2026 · grade B
- Sponsor business model: power-as-a-service: designs, owns and operates behind-the-meter power systems at customer sites; projects historically 5-100 MW“Built by energy industry veterans, Circe Energy designs, owns, and operates power infrastructure that can be rapidly deployed”Company · Oct. 2026 · grade B
- The sponsor is a small C&I power-as-a-service firm: its own website showcases exactly one completed project (Capital Sand, a 4 MW behind-the-meter gas plant) and describes tailored solutions in the 5-100 MW range; a thir“4 MW behind-the-meter natural gas plant”Company · Oct. 2026 · grade B
- The company website phase figures moved between June and October 2026 with no intervening permit, delivery or construction record: DCD June 2026 read of the site said launch 150 MW in 2027; the site in October 2026 claim“Launching with 50MW in 2026, 150MW in 2027, and scaling to 1.1GW by 2030”Company · Oct. 2026 · grade B
- Cummins Q2 2026 results release, filed with the SEC on Form 8-K (accession 0000026172-26-000026), repeats the Circe agreement in its quarterly highlights. The agreement therefore exists as described by Cummins in an SEC-“In June, Cummins announced an agreement with Circe Energy to provide a series of natural gas generator sets”SEC filing · Aug. 2026 · grade B
- Acres: 1950 acres“The targeted generation capacity supports Circe flagship West Texas AI Infrastructure Campus, a 1,950-acre development platform located in the Permian Basin”Company · June 2026 · grade B
- Utility: none (off-grid behind-the-meter)“By providing dedicated generation resources that operate independently of local utility capacity constraints”Company · June 2026 · grade B
- Land control status: claimed by company (site control asserted in its release); no deed, option or parcel record is public“The campus combines large-scale site control, access to abundant and competitively priced natural gas resources, advanced microgrid architecture”Company · June 2026 · grade B
- Developer: Circe Energy“Cummins Inc. announced an agreement with Circe Energy to provide a series of high-powered, high-efficiency natural gas generator sets”Company · June 2026 · grade B
- Power plan: onsite“to support a scalable, behind-the-meter, prime power microgrid solution for their High-Performance Computing (HPC) data center located in Texas”Company · June 2026 · grade B
- On-site power technology: natural gas reciprocating engine generator sets in a microgrid“Deliveries are scheduled from 2026 through 2030 and will include Cummins HSK78 (C2000N6CD) and QSK60 (C1400N6) generator set platforms”Company · June 2026 · grade B
- Generator maker and model: Cummins HSK78 (C2000N6CD); Cummins QSK60 (C1400N6)“utilizing Cummins HSK78 (C2000N6CD) and QSK60 (C1400N6) high-horsepower natural gas generator sets as the primary power source”Company · June 2026 · grade B
- Role of the on-site plant: prime“Cummins to supply natural gas, prime power solution for Circe Energy West Texas AI campus development”Company · June 2026 · grade B
- Announced: June 16, 2026“Cummins to supply natural gas, prime power solution for Circe Energy’s West Texas AI campus development, a turn-key power generation data center campus”Company · June 2026 · grade B
- Grid operator: ERCOT (region only; no interconnection sought)“ERCOT (region; no interconnection sought)”grade C
- Stage: announced only“Circe has completed significant development milestones across site control, permitting, engineering, fuel supply, generation procurement, and power infrastructure planning”Company · Oct. 2026 · grade C
- Name: Circe Energy West Texas AI Infrastructure Campus“US power infrastructure firm Circe Energy has ordered 2GW of natural gas generation capacity from Cummins to provide prime power for its planned West Texas AI Infrastructure Campus”News report · June 2026 · grade C
- On-site generation: 2,000 MW“Circe has ordered approximately 2 gigawatts of natural gas generation capacity scheduled for delivery between 2026 and 2030”Company · June 2026 · grade C
- Stated campus size: 1,100 MW“According to the company website, the project is expected to launch with 150MW in 2027, ultimately scaling to 1.1GW by 2030.”News report · June 2026 · grade C
Money and contracts (13)
- Tenants: not stated“Powered shell, HPC colocation, Built-to-Suit, or GPU-as-a-Service — with tailored agreements that scale as you grow”Company · Oct. 2026 · grade B
- equipment supply agreement (generation): consideration / price FINDING: not disclosed. Neither party release states an order value, unit price, deposit or payment terms, and the agreement is not a filed document in any s“announced an agreement with Circe Energy to provide a series of high-powered, high-efficiency natural gas generator sets”Company · Oct. 2026 · grade B
- equipment supply agreement (generation): termination / cancellation / conditions FINDING: no termination, cancellation, condition-precedent or exclusivity clause is public anywhere. The agreement itself is not public; bo“The announcement reflects Cummins expanding role in supporting the North American data center market”Company · Oct. 2026 · grade B
- Announced: June 16, 2026“Cummins Inc. announced an agreement with Circe Energy”Company · June 2026 · grade B
- equipment supply agreement (generation): scope Natural gas generator sets plus integrated microgrid controls to serve as prime power for a scalable behind-the-meter microgrid at Circe AI/HPC data center campuses, includi“Cummins Inc. announced an agreement with Circe Energy to provide a series of high-powered, high-efficiency natural gas generator sets”Company · June 2026 · grade B
- equipment supply agreement (generation): equipment platforms Cummins HSK78 (C2000N6CD) and QSK60 (C1400N6) natural gas generator set platforms; unit counts not disclosed“Deliveries are scheduled from 2026 through 2030 and will include Cummins HSK78 (C2000N6CD) and QSK60 (C1400N6) generator set platforms”Company · June 2026 · grade B
- equipment supply agreement (generation): delivery schedule Deliveries scheduled from 2026 through 2030“Deliveries are scheduled from 2026 through 2030”Company · June 2026 · grade B
- equipment supply agreement (generation): responsibility split Cummins provides the power generation equipment and technical validation support; Circe and its engineer-of-record (unnamed) retain responsibility for final s“Cummins is providing the power generation equipment and technical validation support, while Circe and its engineer-of-record retain responsibility for final system design and implementation”Company · June 2026 · grade B
- Tenant status: none - no tenant, LOI or offtake announced in any source checked“Its West Texas project is the first data center scheme it has announced”News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
- Paper or real: paper“firm 2 GW Cummins supply but 0 GW permitted, 0 GW financed, 0 GW signed offtake and no construction imaged”grade C
- Financing: none found - no project financing, lender, investor or capital raise disclosed in any source checked“Total funding | No funding”News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
- any other project agreement (development agreement, tax abatement, ESA, PPA/offtake, lease, financing): existence, including termination, cancellation and condition clauses None found: no agreement of any other kind for“long-term transportation and fuel supply arrangements, and power purchase agreements structured around predictable operating costs”Company · Oct. 2026 · grade C
- equipment supply agreement (generation): capacity Approximately 2,000 MW of generation capacity ordered, stated ONLY in Circe own release; Cummins release and Cummins SEC-filed Q2 2026 8-K state no capacity figure MW“Circe has ordered approximately 2 gigawatts of natural gas generation capacity scheduled for delivery between 2026 and 2030”Company · June 2026 · grade C
Permits and government (8)
- Permitted site location: 31.5462,-102.8834 and 31.6043,-102.8225 (I-20 east of Monahans, Ward County)“PSP permit points: 181822 at 31.546238,-102.883430; 183234 at 31.6043,-102.8225; both ISSUED PERMIT, ACTIVE, Ward County”State agency · Oct. 2026 · grade A
- CIRCE ENERGY DATA CENTERS E MONAHANS CAMPUS (RN112406442), issued to Circe Energ: Air NSR registration issued“CIRCE ENERGY DATA CENTERS E MONAHANS CAMPUS | Interstate-20 east toward Odessa approx 4.5 miles, Monahans | Air New Source Permit 183234 | ISSUED PERMIT”State agency · March 2026 · grade A
- CIRCE PERMIAN DATA CENTER (RN112300223), issued to Circe Energy, LLC. 'I-20 Exit: Air NSR registration issued“CIRCE PERMIAN DATA CENTER | intersection of I-20 (Exit 86) and Business I-20, Monahans | Air New Source Permit 181822 | ISSUED PERMIT | Circe Energy, Llc”State agency · Oct. 2025 · grade A
- air permit (NSR/PSD): no application located, full-text find for CIRCE and for CUMMINS on the TCEQ pending NSR public-notice list returned 0 hits“CRUSOE ENERGY SYSTEMS LLC | LONGHORN DATA CENTER | 182126, GHGPSDTX263, PSDTX1688”State agency · Oct. 2026 · grade B
- air permit (any): company claim contradicted, Circe June 17, 2026 release claims completed permitting milestones, but no TCEQ application or authorization for this campus exists on the agency public record; a 1,100-2,00“Circe has completed significant development milestones across site control, permitting, engineering, fuel supply, generation procurement, and power infrastructure planning”Company · Oct. 2026 · grade C
- county land-use approval: not applicable / none identifiable, the county has never been disclosed, so no county record can exist in the project name; Texas counties have no zoning authority in any case, and a behind-the“The facility is planned for a 1,950-acre site in the Permian Basin”News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
- none identifiable: No commissioners-court, planning, zoning, board or hearing record in any jurisdiction references this project. The county has never been disclosed, so no local body can be tied to the campus and no mee“Circe Energy was founded in 2023 and is headquartered in Houston, Texas”News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
- Texas gate: on September 21, 2026 the Governor directed TCEQ to pause issuance of all data-center permits until ERCOT completes its audit (PUCT Project No. 59142); ERCOT separately paused energization approvals for new l“directed TCEQ to pause the issuance of all permits related to data center projects until ERCOT completes its review”News report · Sept. 2026 · grade C
Legal (1)
- Cooling: direct-to-chip liquid cooling with waste-heat recovery“Direct-to-chip liquid cooling, immersion-ready suites, and waste heat reuse enable 70-132 kW racks with exceptional efficiency”Company · Oct. 2026 · grade B
Site and other (9)
- Aliases: West Texas HPC Campus“Circe Energy flagship Permian campus is built for the future of AI”Company · Oct. 2026 · grade B
- County code: 48475“Circe Permian plant (NSR 181822): Ward County County Texas (48475); E Monahans campus (NSR 183234): Ward County County Texas (48475)”Dataset · Oct. 2026 · grade B
- Original target date: 2027“Circe Energy West Texas campus is designed as a modular deployment platform capable of phased energization beginning in 2027”Company · June 2026 · grade B
- County: not stated“a 1,950-acre development platform located in the Permian Basin”Company · Oct. 2026 · grade C
- Construction stage: not stated“not imaged”grade C
- The campus exists in the data only through one chain: two June 2026 press releases (Cummins, June 16; Circe, June 17) -> R4 on-site tracker -> Every figure in“Cummins/Circe press release via San Angelo LIVE”grade C
- Developer headquarters: Houston, Texas“Circe Energy was founded in 2023 and is headquartered in Houston, Texas”News report · June 2026 · grade C
- Developer founded: 2023“Circe Energy was founded in 2023 and is headquartered in Houston, Texas”News report · June 2026 · grade C
- Site acres: 1950 acres“The facility is planned for a 1,950-acre site in the Permian Basin, which the company claims is designed for gigawatt-scale AI and high-performance computing infrastructure.”News report · June 2026 · grade C
Imagery and records: Satellite imagery: Sentinel-2 (ESA Copernicus).