Harless Data Campus · Data center profile

The site

The site from above

Satellite overview — Satellite image, Oct. 20, 2025. Pin: Main build site, reclaimed bench) - last clear capture before site work.

Power

Power and the grid

None energized or contracted yet · 2,400 MW permitted

On-site gas engine plant (117 engines)Permitted, not built

2,400 MW

developer figure; nameplate math from the permit application gives 2,925 MW, and the application says 1,796 MW would be delivered at 75% load; sole power source, no grid State agency · March 2025

Permitted

Not used, not on record, or dropped

Utility grid Not used
none: island-mode, off-grid by design; no utility service or regional grid queue filing State agency · Oct. 2025

Getting on the grid

Who supplies what, what it costs, and what is still not public.

March 24, 2025
Air application filed
TransGas applies for a construction permit for an off-grid generation facility with 117 engines. State agency · March 2025
Oct. 2, 2025
Air permit issued
West Virginia issues permit R13-3714 for the engine plant, with annual emission caps and catalyst controls; a Title V operating permit is due within 12 months of starting operation. see Permits
As of Oct. 2026
No supply or service contracts
No gas supply contract, power purchase agreement, tenant lease or utility agreement is disclosed; the developer says its campus connects to a nearby gas line. Company · Oct. 2026
Not set
Gas pipeline: no certificate
No federal pipeline approval or gas supply contract was found; the nearest mapped gas transmission line is about 2 km away. Company · Oct. 2026

The design is island-mode: the developer says the campus takes zero local or grid electricity, so no utility filing exists or is required for the air permit. Company · Oct. 2026
West Virginia's 2025 microgrid and data-center law offers a certification the project is framed around; none has been announced for it. News report · Oct. 2026
No plant for this campus appears in EIA's federal generator inventory (EIA-860M, Aug. 2026). That inventory covers grid-connected plants only, so an off-grid plant may not be listed yet. State agency · Oct. 2026

On-site generation on file

Generating units on the permit: 117 reciprocating engines (emission units 1E-117E), 28,194 hp each, dual-fuel natural gas / diesel State agency · March 2025
Permitted operating hours: 8,760 hr/yr State agency · March 2025

Is it running?

Evidence from space

NO₂ over the site, net of the rural background, was somewhat higher in July–September 2026 (2 µmol/m²) than a year earlier (0), but the change is within normal swings at this level; the rural background fell 21% (24 to 19). The satellite sees no new combustion large enough to stand out here. On record here: On-site gas engine plant (117 engines), 2,400 MW, permitted. No rise fits a plant that is not running yet, or runs little; it does not prove either.

See all campuses checked →

NO₂ over the campus and over open country (µmol/m²)

Lines: 7-day (daily) / 3-week (weekly) averages; gaps from cloud filled by straight-line interpolation; dots are raw readings. Shaded: July–September 2025 and 2026, averaging 0 and 2 µmol/m² above open country.

What else could explain it

Cities, highways, oil and gas fields and power plants in or near the box also emit NO₂. Comparing the same months a year apart removes steady sources; a new source nearby would not cancel.
Weather moves NO₂ from day to day (wind, sunlight, cloud), and it builds up in winter. Subtracting the background box and comparing the same season a year apart removes most of that.

How this works: the Sentinel-5P satellite measures NO₂ in the air over every point on Earth once a day, around 1:30 p.m. local time, in pixels about 5.5 by 3.5 km. NO₂ comes from burning fuel (turbines, engines, traffic, power plants), so a rise over a site that open country does not share points to new combustion there. It shows combustion activity, not megawatts. The site box is about 15 km across; the background box is open country about 51 km away. We use only high-quality readings and drop days or weeks when cloud hides more than half of either box. Data: Copernicus Sentinel-5P (ESA), processed with the Copernicus Data Space Ecosystem Sentinel Hub statistics service.

Permits

Permits checklist

1 granted · 5 checked, nothing on file

✓
Air construction permit, 117 engines Granted
West Virginia DEP Division of Air Quality · Oct. 2, 2025: permit R13-3714; no appeal found within the 30-day window Court filing · Oct. 2025
–
Checked, nothing on file: Title V operating permit, Federal permits (Clean Water Act section 404, Endangered Species Act, NEPA, pipeline), State high-impact data center certification, Appeal of the air permit, Site ownership

Risks

What could slow it down

High
No tenant or financing
A year after the permit there is no tenant, lender or equity, and no equipment order is corroborated despite the developer's claims. Company · Oct. 2026
High
Developer track record
This is the third major Mingo County project announced in 17 years; none has been completed. News report · Oct. 2025
High
Land not owned
The site is held by an option with an unnamed owner, and no price or expiry is public. State agency · March 2025
Medium
Organized local opposition
Residents, a citizen action group and environmental organizations oppose the project; federal litigation was denied an injunction but raised federal-permit questions. Court filing · Dec. 2025
Medium
No state certification or gas supply
The state's data-center certification has not been obtained, and no gas supply contract or pipeline approval exists. News report · Oct. 2026

Lawsuits

1 case on record

Filed Dec. 3, 2025; docket terminated June 22, 2026 Hatfield et al. v. TransGas Development Systems, LLC et al.
U.S. District Court, Southern District of West Virginia (No. 3:25-cv-00714) Court filing · May 2026
ten residents allege Endangered Species Act, Clean Water Act, NEPA and gas pipeline requirements were skipped; injunction denied Dec. 23, 2025; TransGas's dismissal motion granted in part Mar. 18, 2026

Money

Money on record

$3B bonds approved in 2011 for an earlier, unbuilt project (predecessor coal-to-liquids plant; not an instrument for this campus). Dataset · Oct. 2026

Private: sponsor with no securities filings (no SEC filings name the company or the campus) SEC filing · Oct. 2026

Not on record: financing: no equity raise, debt or project financing announced for the campus or its power plant Dataset · Oct. 2026

Timeline

What happened, and what is due

SitePaper trailConstructionPowerPermitsMoneyLegalUpcoming

March 26, 2024
Permits Sister ammonia plant permit issued for the Wharncliffe site, replacing a 2011 coal-to-liquids permit State agency · March 2024
March 24, 2025
Permits TransGas files its air-permit application for the Harless off-grid engine plant, the first public filing for the campus State agency · March 2025
July 8, 2025
Permits State releases the draft air permit for public comment State agency · July 2025
Oct. 2, 2025
Permits State issues the final air permit for 117 engines, the same day as a paired permit for the Wharncliffe twin Court filing · Oct. 2025
Dec. 3, 2025
Legal Ten residents sue TransGas and three federal agencies, alleging required federal reviews were skipped Court filing · Dec. 2025
Dec. 23, 2025
Legal Federal judge denies the residents' request to block construction Court filing · Dec. 2025
March 18, 2026
Legal Court grants TransGas's motion to dismiss in part, without prejudice Court filing · March 2026
June 22, 2026
Legal Federal docket shows the case terminated; the final order was not retrieved Court filing · June 2026
2027
Power Startup date the developer put in its air application; the company calls first power 18 to 24 months away State agency · March 2025

Construction activity

Satellite captures by quarter

Since March 2022: 70 satellite captures. The chart starts in the first quarter of 2023; 4 earlier records are not drawn.

Satellite

’23

’24

’25

’26

Dot size: records in the quarter, largest = 5. Two-digit years mark each first quarter.

The buildings

Specs

28,194 hp per engine

dual-fuel (gas and diesel) engines, 117 units, no backup generators planned

Court filing · Dec. 2025

~1,000 acres

marketed as secured, optioned and available within the industrial park

Company · Oct. 2026

5,000 construction, 300 permanent jobs

developer-touted (press); identical figures appeared for its unbuilt 2011 plant

News report · Oct. 2025

9.8 GW

May 2025 developer aspiration across both twin campuses; not permitted capacity

News report · March 2026

Mine-pool cooling: developer says it will use mine-pool water for heat-sink cooling; no design or water filing on record Company · Oct. 2026

Who is involved

Owners, partners and builders

Owners and developers

TransGas Development Systems, LLC: developer and air permit holder; Adam Victor is president
Adams Fork Energy, LLC: affiliate behind the sister ammonia project
Mingo County Redevelopment Authority: public developer of the industrial park

Decision-makers

West Virginia DEP Division of Air Quality: air permit
West Virginia Department of Commerce: data-center certification
Army Corps of Engineers, Fish and Wildlife Service, FERC: federal reviews at issue in the lawsuit

Builders and advisers

Potesta & Associates: prepared the air application
Lagan, Ware Malcomb and JBB: design team, per developer marketing

Opponents

West Virginia Citizen Action Group, West Virginia Highlands Conservancy and Earthworks
Ten residents who sued in federal court

Still unknown

Open questions

Any tenant, lender or equipment order.
Who owns the land and when the option expires.
The outcome of the federal case after the docket terminated.
Engine make and model, and the gas supply source.

Where this comes from

317 records from 24 documents

Drawn from news reports, state agency records, court filings, company statements, public and commercial datasets, securities filings, local government records, our own analysis and satellite captures, each kept with its date and source. The bar shows documents by type.

News report 9State agency 5Court filing 3Company 2Dataset 2SEC filing 1Local government 1Analysis 1Satellite 0

Evidence

Every quote behind this page

Grade key: A = the primary record itself (permit, filing, exhibit) · B = a dated official statement · C = news reporting. Map distances are our own measurements on OpenStreetMap and carry no grade. Allegations in lawsuits are marked as such in the quotes.

Power (45)

Source record
“Defendant TransGas Development Systems, LLC is the project developer proposing a 117-engine power plant and ammonia facility with associated data centers near Wharncliffe”
Court filing · Dec. 2025 · grade A
Engine count: 117 engines
“Defendant TransGas Development Systems, LLC is the project developer proposing a 117-engine power plant and ammonia facility with associated data centers near Wharncliffe”
Court filing · Dec. 2025 · grade A
Current target date: None committed - the Jan 2027 applicant estimate is not achievable: no construction, financing, tenant or HB 2014 certification as of Oct 2026
“TransGas intends to commence ground disturbance activities necessary to construct the Project facilities, as the company has obtained state-level construction permits”
Court filing · Dec. 2025 · grade A
Federal permits (CWA 404 / ESA 7 / NEPA / FERC pipeline): NONE - plaintiffs allege, after reviewing USACE ORM, FERC eLibrary and FWS IPaC, that no federal application or consultation exists for the project (as of Dec 3,
“no federal agency has initiated or received any application for the required ESA consultation, CWA 404 permitting, NEPA review, or Natural Gas Act pipeline approval”
Court filing · Dec. 2025 · grade A
Name: Adams Fork Harless Data Center Energy Campus
“Issued to: TransGas Development Systems, LLC; Adams Fork Harless Data Center Energy Campus; 059-00133”
State agency · Oct. 2025 · grade A
Owner companies: TransGas Development Systems, LLC (permittee/applicant; no separate site LLC named in the permit record)
“Facility Description: Offgrid Power Generation Facility; Permittee: TransGas Development Systems, LLC”
State agency · Oct. 2025 · grade A
Utility: None - off-grid by design; no utility electric service
“Facility Description: Offgrid Power Generation Facility”
State agency · Oct. 2025 · grade A
Grid operator: None - no grid interconnection (WV is PJM territory but the plant takes no grid service)
“Description of Change: Construction and operation of an offgrid power generation facility”
State agency · Oct. 2025 · grade A
Power plan: onsite
“Construction and operation of an offgrid power generation facility”
State agency · Oct. 2025 · grade A
On-site power technology: Natural gas reciprocating engines, dual-fuel (natural gas / diesel), two-stroke per developer; stationary CI (compression ignition) ICE under 40 CFR 60 Subpart IIII as applied in the permit
“limit the emissions of NOX in the stationary CI internal combustion engine exhaust to the following: 3.4 g/KWhr when maximum engine speed is less than 130 rpm”
State agency · Oct. 2025 · grade A
Generating units on the permit: 117 engines
“1S - 117S; 1E - 117E; Engine 1 - Engine 117; 2026; 28,194 HP (each)”
State agency · Oct. 2025 · grade A
Generator maker and model: Not disclosed - engine make/model withheld as confidential business information in the DEP record; the permit requires make/model only in the post-startup notification
“Engine information including make, model, engine family, serial number, model year, maximum engine power, and engine displacement”
State agency · Oct. 2025 · grade A
Conditions of approval: Permit R13-3714 conditions include: per-engine cap of 28,194 HP; aggregate annual emission caps (NOx 194.30, CO 205.62, VOC 116.59, PM 186.53, SO2 9.93, HAPs 0.86 tpy); oxidation catalyst + SCR co
“The maximum horsepower of each engine (1S - 117S) shall be 28,194 hp”
State agency · Oct. 2025 · grade A
On-site generation: 2,925 MW
“each generator having a nameplate capacity of 25 MWe; 117 units x 25 MWe = 2,925 MWe (formula; count and rating from the permit application)”
State agency · March 2025 · grade A
On-site generation: 1,796 MW
“the engines will be run at 75% power only. Therefore, the continuously delivered power will be 1,796 MW”
State agency · March 2025 · grade A
On-site generation: 2,925 MW
“each generator having a nameplate capacity of 25 MWe; 117 units x 25 MWe = 2,925 MWe (formula; count and rating from the permit application)”
State agency · March 2025 · grade A
On-site generation: 1,796 MW
“the engines will be run at 75% power only. Therefore, the continuously delivered power will be 1,796 MW”
State agency · March 2025 · grade A
Announced: March 24, 2025
“Notice is given that TransGas Development Systems, LLC has applied to the West Virginia Department of Environmental Protection, Division of Air Quality, for a Construction Permit for the Adams Fork Harless Data Center Energy Campus”
State agency · March 2025 · grade A
Nearest substation: none mapped on the map within 30 km
Measured on OpenStreetMap map data.
OpenStreetMap · Oct. 2026
Nearest power line of 345 kV or more: none within 30 km (nearest mapped transmission line is 138 kV at 3.54 km)
Measured on OpenStreetMap map data.
OpenStreetMap · Oct. 2026
Nearest power line of 138 kV: 3.54 km - Logan - Sprigg 138kV line (Appalachian Power Company)
Measured on OpenStreetMap map data.
OpenStreetMap · Oct. 2026
Nearest gas pipeline: 1.96 km - Columbia Gas Transmission (Columbia Gas Transmission, LLC)
Measured on OpenStreetMap map data.
OpenStreetMap · Oct. 2026
Aliases: Harless Data Campus; Harless Data Center Campus; Adams Fork Data Center Energy Campus (Harless site)
“Harless Data Campus - Air Permit Received - 1000++ Acres secured, optioned, available”
Company · Oct. 2026 · grade B
Acres: 1000 acres
“Harless Data Campus - Air Permit Received - 1000++ Acres secured, optioned, available”
Company · Oct. 2026 · grade B
On-site generation: 2,400 MW
“2.4 GW of natural gas generation for 24/7/365 power at each campus”
Company · Oct. 2026 · grade B
Stated campus size: 2,400 MW
“Off Grid Data Center Solutions - Two 2.4GW Power Generation Campuses”
Company · Oct. 2026 · grade B
Interconnection status: None - island-mode off-grid design; no utility or ISO queue filing exists or is required for the air permit
“Designed for island mode operation, eliminates dependence on grid volatility and demand and transmission charges”
Company · Oct. 2026 · grade B
Role of the on-site plant: prime (sole power source; no backup generators per developer - dual-fuel engines carry spinning reserve)
“Dual Fuel on the fly for seamless operation. No backup generators needed on site”
Company · Oct. 2026 · grade B
Gas supplier: Local Appalachian natural gas; developer states the Harless campus is connected to the TransCanada (TC Energy / Columbia) gas line; no supply contract or FERC certificate found in any public record
“Harless Data Center Campus connected to the TransCanada Gasline”
Company · Oct. 2026 · grade B
Developer marketing claims equipment on order and first power within 18-24 months / by 2027; no OEM, purchase order or delivery is corroborated in any source
“Fast-track construction - first power within 18-24 months - equipment on order”
Company · Oct. 2026 · grade B
Generator units: 117
“The chart titled "Emission Units" approves 117 engines each with 28,194 horsepower”
Court filing · Dec. 2025 · grade B
Engine rating: 28194 HP per engine
“The chart titled "Emission Units" approves 117 engines each with 28,194 horsepower”
Court filing · Dec. 2025 · grade B
On-site generation fleet: 117 gas engines at 28,194 HP each per draft permit R13-3714 (primary off-grid generation, not backup)
“117 gas engines at 28,194 HP each per draft permit R13-3714 (primary off-grid generation, not backup)”
State agency · Oct. 2025 · grade B
Generating units on the permit: 117 reciprocating engines (emission units 1E-117E), 28,194 hp each, dual-fuel natural gas / diesel
“1E-117E Engine 1 through Engine 117 2026 28,194 HP New”
State agency · March 2025 · grade B
Related project: Adams Fork ammonia facility (Plant ID 059-00102, Permit R13-3622, issued Mar 26, 2024) near Wharncliffe: six 6,000 MTPD ammonia trains at full build; the Dec 2025 federal complaint alleges the two engine
“Construction of six (6) identical 6,000 metric tons/day (MTPD) ammonia manufacturing plants”
State agency · March 2024 · grade B
Stage: at risk - final air permit in hand, but 12 months later there is no tenant, no financing, no HB 2014 certification and no construction; sponsor has completed none of its three Mingo County projects announced since
“critics note that the company has announced major projects in Mingo County three times over the last 17 years - without completing any of them”
News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
HB 2014 certification: NOT certified under HB 2014 (Power Generation and Consumption Act) as of Oct 2026 - no certification announced; Mountain State Spotlight reported the Mingo proposal had not received certification a
“Governor Morrisey announced that West Virginia has approved High Impact Data Center certification for NScale”
News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
On-site generation: 2,457 MW
“Each campus would have the capacity to consume 2,457 Megawatts of electricity”
News report · March 2026 · grade C
TransGas May 2025 presentation: plans to expand data center capacity to 9.8 GW - a portfolio aspiration across both campuses, NOT permitted capacity (permitted generation is ~2.4 GW per campus)
“parent company TransGas Development Systems, LLC stated that it plans to expand data center capacity to 9.8 GW”
News report · March 2026 · grade C
Twin plant site: The Harless Industrial Park site (Holden, near the Mingo-Logan county line) is one of two twin TransGas power plants in the Adams Fork Energy project; the other is the Wharncliffe / Twisted Gun Golf Cour
“one on the former Twisted Gun Golf Course in Wharncliffe, the other at the Harless Industrial Park near the Mingo-Logan county line”
News report · Oct. 2025 · grade C
Interconnection status: none - off-grid by design: the Harless (Adams Fork) plant takes NO grid service, so no PJM interconnection position exists even though Mingo County WV is in PJM territory - there is no load interc
“state issues air quality permits for two offgrid power plants tied to world’s largest ammonia project”
News report · Oct. 2025 · grade C
Workforce estimate: Developer-touted 5,000 temporary construction jobs and 300 permanent roles (press-reported); identical figures appear in TransGas materials for its unbuilt 2011 coal-to-liquids plant
“TransGas has touted 5,000 temporary construction jobs and 300 permanent roles”
News report · Oct. 2025 · grade C
Third major Mingo County project TransGas has announced in 17 years; none completed - 2008 coal-to-liquids (permitted 2011, ceremonial groundbreaking only), 2023-24 ammonia (permitted, unbuilt), 2025 data centers (permit
“the company has announced major projects in Mingo County three times over the last 17 years - without completing any of them”
News report · Oct. 2025 · grade C
Developer: TransGas Development Systems, LLC
“Prepared for: TransGas Development Systems, LLC, 630 First Avenue, Suite 30C, New York, New York 10016-3799”
State agency · March 2025 · grade C
Original target date: Jan. 1, 2027 (applicant-anticipated startup of the power facility, from the NSR application; an estimate, not a committed COD)
“Startup of operations is planned to begin on or about the 1st day of January 2027”
State agency · March 2025 · grade C

Money and contracts (9)

power / tenant agreements: absence - finding No ESA, PPA, tenant lease, colocation agreement or gas supply contract disclosed for this campus in any source checked; the design is behind-the-meter self-supply with no coun
“we will bring our own generation equipment and take zero local or grid electricity”
Company · Oct. 2026 · grade B
Tenants: None named - no tenant, LOI or end user disclosed for this campus in any source checked
“Our campuses provide what data center customers are looking for”
Company · Oct. 2026 · grade C
Tenant status: none found
“each powered by its own off-grid natural gas plant running 117 gas engines and capable of generating 2,400+ MW”
News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
Financing: None disclosed for the data center or its power plant - no equity raise, debt or project financing announced
“there is still no indication that the plant has financing to begin construction”
Dataset · Oct. 2026 · grade C
bond authority (historic, predecessor project): financing authority WV EDA approved issuance of $3 billion in bonds in April 2011 for the predecessor Adams Fork coal-to-liquids project at Wharncliffe - NOT an instrument
“In April 2011, the WV Economic Development Authority approved the issuance of $3 billion in bonds for the project”
Dataset · Oct. 2026 · grade C
WV Economic Development Authority approved $3B bond issuance for the predecessor coal-to-liquids project; no financing of any kind announced for the 2025 data center permits
“In April 2011, the WV Economic Development Authority approved the issuance of $3 billion in bonds for the project”
Dataset · Oct. 2026 · grade C
Paper or real: The permit is real (R13-3714, issued Oct 2, 2025). Everything downstream is paper: optioned (not purchased) land, unnamed tenant, undisclosed financing and engine OEM, no state certification, federal injun
“Applicant has an option on the site with the current owner”
State agency · March 2025 · grade C
land option: scope Applicant has an option on the site with the current owner
“Applicant has an option on the site with the current owner”
State agency · March 2025 · grade C
land option: terms - finding No price, term, expiry, extension or termination clause for the option is disclosed in any public document; the application is the only public trace of the instrument
“If YES, please explain: Applicant has an option on the site with the current owner”
State agency · March 2025 · grade C

Permits and government (21)

Court denied the TRO/preliminary injunction on Dec 23, 2025 and the docket terminated Jun 22, 2026 (termination per CourtListener docket metadata; final-order text not retrieved). The federal legal block on the project i
“MEMORANDUM OPINION AND ORDER denying without prejudice Plaintiffs' MOTION for a Preliminary Injunction and MOTION for a Temporary Restraining Order”
Court filing · June 2026 · grade A
WVDEP (public meeting): Adams Fork Energy Project - Public Meeting Presentation: agency presented both project locations, including the Twisted Gun (Wharncliffe) site plan (presentation pp. 11)
“West Virginia Department of Environmental Protection, Adams Fork Energy Project - Public Meeting Presentation (Sept. 18, 2025), at pp. 11 (showing the Twisted Gun location in Wharncliffe)”
Court filing · Dec. 2025 · grade A
Air permit: WV DEP NSR permit R13-3714 (facility 059-00133); draft published 2025; final permit issued Oct. 2, 2025
“WV DEP NSR permit R13-3714 (facility 059-00133); draft published 2025; final permit issued 2025-10-02”
State agency · Oct. 2025 · grade A
Draft NSR construction permit: draft permit (22 pp) issued for public comment; 30-day comment period and public hearings followed (Aug-Sep 2025)
“Issued: Draft; Permit R13-3714; TransGas Development Systems, LLC; Adams Fork Harless Data Center Energy Campus”
State agency · Oct. 2025 · grade A
Final NSR construction permit: ISSUED October 2, 2025 (final permit, 24 pp) - authorizes construction and operation of the off-grid engine plant; Title V source under 45CSR30
“In October 2025, West Virginia DEP (DEP) issued Construction Permit R13-3714 authorizing 117 engines, each with a design capacity over of 28,000 horsepower”
Court filing · Oct. 2025 · grade A
Title V operating permit (45CSR30): application due within 12 months after commencement of operation (permit condition) - not yet triggered; no operation has commenced
“The Title V (45CSR30) application will be due within twelve (12) months after the date of the commencement of the operation or activity authorized by this permit”
State agency · Oct. 2025 · grade A
Site latitude: 37.75302 decimal degrees
“Latitude 37.75302, Longitude -82.11905 (permit facility location)”
State agency · July 2025 · grade A
Site longitude: -82.11905 decimal degrees
“Latitude 37.75302, Longitude -82.11905 (permit facility location)”
State agency · July 2025 · grade A
Draft NSR permit for facility 059-00133, Adams Fork Harless Data Center Energy C: draft permit released for public comment
“Off of 22 Mine Road, Holden, Mingo County, West Virginia”
State agency · July 2025 · grade A
NSR construction permit application (45 CSR 13): DAQ-stamped copy of the (redacted) application package received
“Received May 14, 2025 WV DEP/Div of Air Quality”
State agency · May 2025 · grade B
Permitted operating hours: 8760 hr/yr
“Provide maximum projected Operating Schedule of activity/activities outlined in this application: 24 Hours Per Day 7 Days Per Week Weeks Per Year 52”
State agency · March 2025 · grade B
NSR construction permit application (45 CSR 13): application dated and submitted; public notice of application published March 2025 with estimated emissions (NOx 194.30 tpy, CO 205.62 tpy)
“Notice is given that TransGas Development Systems, LLC has applied to the West Virginia Department of Environmental Protection, Division of Air Quality, for a Construction Permit”
State agency · March 2025 · grade B
Sister ammonia facility permit R13-3622 issued for Plant ID 059-00102 near Wharncliffe (six 6,000 MTPD trains), superseding the 2011 coal-to-liquids permit R13-2791A
“Construction of six (6) identical 6,000 metric tons/day (MTPD) ammonia manufacturing plants on the site of the previously permitted (but not constructed) coal-to-gasoline facility”
State agency · March 2024 · grade B
Construction stage: none - permitted only; no construction start, site work or groundbreaking reported in any source through Oct 18, 2026
“the company has announced major projects in Mingo County three times over the last 17 years - without completing any of them”
News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
Air Quality Board appeal (W. Va. Code 22-5-14): NONE FOUND - no appeal of R13-3714 (or R13-3715) surfaced in any search; the 30-day appeal window ran from Oct 2, 2025
“The West Virginia Highlands Conservancy, Tucker United and the Sierra Club filed an appeal for the air permit issued to Fundamental Data”
News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
HB 2014 high-impact data center certification: NOT CERTIFIED - no certification announced for TransGas/Adams Fork through Oct 18, 2026 (see campus facts)
“Starwood Digital Ventures has received High Impact Data Center certification for a major new project in Mason County”
News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
HB 2014 (Power Generation and Consumption Act) signed by Gov. Morrisey - creates the certified microgrid and high-impact data center programs the project is publicly framed around; TransGas has not obtained certification
“Gov. Morrisey signed HB 2014, also known as the Power Generation and Consumption Act, on April 30, 2025”
News report · Sept. 2026 · grade C
WVDEP Division of Air Quality: Public hearing on draft permits R13-3714 and R13-3715 (Adams Fork data center energy campuses)
“After weeks of public outcry and two hearings in August and September, the DEP Division of Air Quality (DAQ) has moved forward with the project”
News report · Oct. 2025 · grade C
WV Citizen Action Group (community meeting, Wharncliffe Park): Informal resident meeting on the twin TransGas permits; frustration over redactions and lack of transparency
“Dozens of residents from Mingo and Logan counties gathered last month in Wharncliffe Park for an informal meeting led by organizers from the West Virginia Citizen Action Group”
News report · Oct. 2025 · grade C
NSR construction permit issued for the Harless (Holden) off-grid generation plan: construction permit issued
“On October 2, 2025, the DAQ officially issued air permits R13-3714 and R13-3715, authorizing TransGas to construct and operate the two proposed off-grid natural gas power plants in Mingo County”
News report · Oct. 2025 · grade C
Announced: March 24, 2025 (NSR permit application - first public filing for this campus)
“Regulation 13 Permit Application for the Construction of Adams Fork Harless Data Center Energy Campus, Mingo County, West Virginia”
State agency · March 2025 · grade C

Legal (9)

Federal lawsuit: Hatfield et al. v. TransGas Development Systems, LLC et al., S.D.W.Va. No. 3:25-cv-00714, filed Dec 3, 2025: residents sued TransGas, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, USFWS and FERC under ESA/NEPA/CWA S
“MEMORANDUM OPINION AND ORDER denying without prejudice Plaintiffs' MOTION for a Preliminary Injunction and MOTION for a Temporary Restraining Order”
Court filing · June 2026 · grade A
Lawsuits: Hatfield et al. v. TransGas Development Systems, LLC et al., No. 3:25-cv-00714 (S.D. W.Va., filed Dec 3, 2025) - ESA section 7, CWA section 404, NEPA, NGA claims; TRO/preliminary injunction denied Dec 23, 2025;
“MEMORANDUM OPINION AND ORDER granting in part Defendant TransGas Development Systems, LLC MOTION to Dismiss, without prejudice”
Court filing · May 2026 · grade A
Federal defendants (USACE, FWS, FERC) moved to dismiss without prejudice; case still pending at last docket retrieval (Jun 22, 2026)
“MOTION by Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service to Dismiss Without Prejudice”
Court filing · May 2026 · grade A
Court GRANTED IN PART TransGas motion to dismiss, without prejudice; same day ordered plaintiffs to show cause on claims against the federal defendants
“MEMORANDUM OPINION AND ORDER granting in part Defendant TransGas Development Systems, LLC MOTION to Dismiss, without prejudice”
Court filing · March 2026 · grade A
TransGas filed its Rule 7.1 disclosure and a motion to dismiss the complaint with prejudice under FRCP 12(b)(1) and (6)
“MOTION by TransGas Development Systems, LLC to Dismiss Complaint With Prejudice Pursuant to Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 12(b)(1) and (6)”
Court filing · Jan. 2026 · grade A
Judge Chambers DENIED the TRO and preliminary injunction without prejudice: plaintiffs did not establish the project requires federal approval, or irreparable harm
“Plaintiffs have not established that they are likely to suffer irreparable harm in the absence of preliminary relief”
Court filing · Dec. 2025 · grade A
Opposition: Organized local opposition: WV Citizen Action Group resident meetings, WV Highlands Conservancy and Earthworks campaigns, petition to the Mingo County Redevelopment Authority; ten residents sued in federal co
“Plaintiffs are West Virginia residents who live, recreate, work, or conduct environmental observation within the affected watershed areas surrounding the Adams Fork Energy project footprint”
Court filing · Dec. 2025 · grade A
Federal ESA/NEPA/CWA suit filed against the Adams Fork project (TransGas, USACE, USFWS, FERC as defendants)
“Defendant TransGas Development Systems, LLC is the project developer proposing a 117-engine power plant and ammonia facility with associated data centers near Wharncliffe”
Court filing · Dec. 2025 · grade A
Ten Mingo-area residents sued TransGas, USACE, FWS and FERC in S.D. W.Va. (No. 3:25-cv-00714) alleging ESA section 7, CWA section 404, NEPA and NGA requirements were never satisfied
“multiple federal and state requirements - Endangered Species Act 7 consultation, Clean Water Act 404 permitting, National Environmental Policy Act review, federal natural-gas pipeline approvals - have not been satisfied”
Court filing · Dec. 2025 · grade A

Site and other (8)

Address: Off of 22 Mine Road, Holden, WV 25670 (Harless Industrial Park)
“Facility Location: Off of 22 Mine Road, Holden, Mingo County, West Virginia”
State agency · Oct. 2025 · grade A
Facility name: Adams Fork Harless Data Center Energy Campus
“Adams Fork Harless Data Center Energy Campus”
State agency · July 2025 · grade A
Site address: Off of 22 Mine Road, Holden, Mingo County, West Virginia
“Off of 22 Mine Road, Holden, Mingo County, West Virginia”
State agency · July 2025 · grade A
Naics: 221112
“NAICS 221112”
State agency · July 2025 · grade A
Cooling: Mine-pool water geothermal heat-sink cooling (developer claim; PUE close to 1.0 claimed)
“The campus will use mine pool water, a stranded asset which is not being used by the community and not part of the water table”
Company · Oct. 2026 · grade B
Water use stated: Mine pool water; developer cites a 1.5 trillion-gallon fresh-water reserve under the sites; no community water use (developer claim)
“Access to 1.5 trillion-gallon proprietary fresh-water reserve for geothermal cooling”
Company · Oct. 2026 · grade B
Earthworks / WV CAG Adams Fork Community Guide organizes residents against the ammonia + data center project, including a petition to the Mingo County Redevelopment Authority
“Oppose the Adams Fork Ammonia plant by signing this petition to the Mingo County Redevelopment Authority and elected officials representing Mingo County”
News report · June 2025 · grade C
Land control: Option on the site with the current owner (applicant statement in its NSR application; owner not named; no purchase closed)
“Applicant has an option on the site with the current owner”
State agency · March 2025 · grade C

Imagery and records: Satellite imagery: Maxar via Esri World Imagery Wayback.