Data center profile · 4250 Messenger Loop, Los Lunas (Valencia County), New Mexico

Meta Los Lunas

Meta's data-center campus in Los Lunas, New Mexico, in service since Feb. 2019, adding two AI-era buildings, on grid power matched by new renewables.

Operating, expanding. The original campus has been in service since Feb. 2019. A fourth phase of two next-generation buildings has been under construction since spring 2025 (village bond record); Meta has not disclosed when they go live or published a megawatt figure.
8 buildings
planned after Meta's Oct. 2021 expansion announcement
nearly 3.8M sq ft; Meta has published no megawatt figure
$37.5B
industrial revenue bonds issued over time
$30B in 2016 and $7.5B in 2025; the property is exempt from property tax while the bonds stand
$2.5B
cumulative investment to date, Meta's figure
as stated in the utility's June 2025 filing, including the expansion then under way
Up to $480M
tax benefits estimated for the 2025 expansion
state legislative staff estimate, July 2026
OperatorMeta Platforms, through its subsidiary Greater Kudu LLC (owner and operator)
CustomerMeta (owner-occupied)
Planned IT capacity218 MW at full build-out (our estimate from the company's 273 MW campus power figure)
First building in serviceIn service since Feb. 2019 (about 87 MW of IT capacity live, estimated)
Next stepTwo next-generation buildings are in a two-to-three-year buildout (per a village official); no opening date is published
Power

Power and the grid

Energized, size not disclosed

2025 renewables set (Star Light, Four Mile Mesa, Windy Lane)Application filed June 2025, outcome not on record
290 MW
290 MW solar and 268 MW four-hour storage for the expansion; the commission's final order is not on record Utility regulator · June 2025
Proposed
Other sources, size not disclosed
Backup generators (emergency use, not a power supply)
Related generation and energy contracts (context, not added to campus supply)

Getting on the grid

Who supplies what, what it costs, and what is still not public.

  1. July 1, 2016
    Special contract approved
    New Mexico regulators approve Facebook's special service contract with PNM on an expedited basis, with Meta paying all costs of its supply. Utility regulator · 2016
  2. Feb. 7, 2019
    First building opens
    Meta holds the grand opening of its newest data center in Los Lunas. Company · Feb. 2019
  3. Oct. 27, 2021
    Solar for the 2021 expansion
    Meta announces 190 MW and 50 MW of new solar to serve two added buildings. Company · Oct. 2021
  4. June 1, 2025
    PNM seeks approval for new supply
    PNM files for a third amended contract plus 290 MW of solar and 268 MW of storage, and asks for approval by Dec. 31, 2025 to serve buildings under construction. Utility regulator · June 2025
  5. 2025
    Regulatory deadline in the 2025 contracts
    The new contracts allow termination if regulators do not rule by this date; we have no record of the ruling. Utility regulator · Dec. 2025

On-site generation on file

Permits

Permits checklist

2 pending · 4 granted

Approvals a campus like this normally needs (including an air permit for backup generators), and what we found.

Risks

What could slow it down

Money

Money on record

$37.5B
village industrial revenue bonds
Meta buys and repays the bonds; the village is not liable Local government · Oct. 2026
$2.5B
investment to date (Meta, via PNM filing)
cumulative, including the expansion then under way Utility regulator · June 2025
$50,000 a year
payment in lieu of taxes at the start (press)
reported to rise to $100,000; another source gives up to $450,000 News report · 2016
$480M
state staff estimate of tax benefits for the expansion
$235M state gross-receipts deductions plus $246M local State agency · July 2026
Timeline

What happened, and what is due

SitePaper trailConstructionPowerPermitsMoneyLegalUpcoming
  1. July 2016
    Permits Regulators approve Facebook's special electric contract with PNM News report · 2016
  2. Oct. 1, 2016
    Site Ground broken on the first building, about 510,000 sq ft (press) News report · Oct. 2016
  3. Nov. 14, 2017
    Site Facebook expands the plan from two to six buildings, past $1B Utility regulator · Nov. 2017
  4. Feb. 7, 2019
    Site First building opens Company · Feb. 2019
  5. Oct. 27, 2021
    Site Meta adds two buildings, to eight, with nearly 3.8M sq ft and about $2B invested Company · Oct. 2021
  6. Dec. 19, 2024
    Permits Village council inducement vote for up to $7.5B of bonds for two next-generation buildings Local government · Dec. 2024
  7. June 2025
    Power PNM files for 290 MW of solar and 268 MW of storage to serve buildings under construction Utility regulator · June 2025
  8. Dec. 2025
    Site Meta's subsidiary buys 475 acres next to the campus, reportedly for possible further expansion (press) News report · Dec. 2025
  9. July 22, 2026
    Permits State legislative staff estimate up to $480M in tax benefits for the expansion State agency · July 2026
Construction activity

Building activity by quarter

Since March 2017: 84 building permits (83 issued or finished, 1 pending or open); the largest lists a $32M job value; 1 FAA filing (Dec. 2024): a 275 ft crane. Job values are not added up: trade permits often repeat the whole project's value. The chart starts in the first quarter of 2019; 23 earlier records are not drawn.

Building permits
FAA filings
’19
’20
’21
’22
’23
’24
Dot size: records in the quarter, largest = 18. Two-digit years mark each first quarter.
The buildings

Specs

Nearly 3.8 million sq ft
planned for eight buildings after the 2021 expansion (company)
Company · Oct. 2021
300 to 750 acres
300 acres at the 2017 site filing; one tracker says 750; Meta bought 475 adjacent acres in Dec. 2025 (press)
News report · Dec. 2025
1,100+ workers at peak
construction trades on site daily; 400+ direct operating jobs after completion (Meta figures in PNM's filing)
Utility regulator · June 2025
200% water restoration goal
Meta says it will restore twice the water the campus consumes into New Mexico watersheds
Company · Oct. 2021
Who is involved

Owners, partners and builders

Owners
  • Meta Platforms: parent and developer (Facebook until Oct. 2021)
  • Greater Kudu LLC: campus owner, air-permit holder and PNM customer
Power
  • Public Service Company of New Mexico (PNM): serving utility, buys the matched renewables
  • Star Light, Four Mile Mesa, Windy Lane, Sky Ranch, TAG and others: renewable sellers
Decision-makers
  • Village of Los Lunas: bond issuer
  • New Mexico Public Regulation Commission: power contracts
  • New Mexico Environment Department: air permits
Builders
  • Fortis Construction: general contractor of the original campus
Builders on site
  • Apic Solutions Inc: 14 building permits
  • B&D Industries Inc: 12 building permits
  • Klinger Constructors LLC: 9 building permits
  • Adb Companies Inc: 7 building permits
  • Southland Industries: 5 building permits
  • Dub L EE LLC: 4 building permits
  • and 11 more contractors in the permit and inspection records
Still unknown

Open questions

Where this comes from

274 records from 34 documents

Drawn from news reports, utility regulator dockets, state agency records, public and commercial datasets, company statements and local government records, each kept with its date and source. The bar shows documents by type.

News report 13Utility regulator 11State agency 5Dataset 2Company 2Local government 2
Evidence

Every quote behind this page

Grade key: A = the primary record itself (permit, filing, exhibit) · B = a dated official statement · C = news reporting. Map distances are our own measurements on OpenStreetMap and carry no grade. Allegations in lawsuits are marked as such in the quotes.

Power (27)
  • Aliases: Los Lunas Data Center; Greater Kudu - Los Lunas Facility (NMED permit name)
    “Greater Kudu, LLC at 4250 Messenger Loop, Los Lunas, NM has submitted an air quality permit application ... to modify the Los Lunas Facility”
    State agency · Oct. 2026 · grade A
  • On-site generation: not stated
    “change the make and model of two of the Group 2 generators and designate these as new Group 6 generators”
    State agency · Oct. 2026 · grade A
  • Address: 4250 Messenger Loop, Los Lunas, NM 87031
    “Greater Kudu, LLC at 4250 Messenger Loop, Los Lunas, NM has submitted an air quality permit application”
    State agency · April 2024 · grade A
  • Jurisdiction: Inside Village of Los Lunas municipal limits; Village issued the IRBs under the municipal IRB Act (Sections 3-32-1 to 3-32-16 NMSA 1978); air permitting is state-level (NMED AQB); electric service terms are
    “the company itself purchase the bonds, the proceeds finance the project, and the company is solely responsible for repaying principal and interest”
    Local government · Oct. 2026 · grade B
  • Phases: Phase 1: buildings 1-2 (ground broken Oct 2016; first building opened Feb 2019). Phase 2: buildings 3-6 (expansion announced Nov 14, 2017). Phase 3: buildings 7-8 (announced Oct 27, 2021). Phase 4: two next-gener
    “serve the expanding load of the Data Center buildings currently under construction”
    Utility regulator · Oct. 2026 · grade B
  • Utility service: not stated
    “the Restated SSC allows the Customer to direct PNM to procure sufficient renewable energy resources to meet the load at Customer's data center”
    Utility regulator · Oct. 2026 · grade B
  • Power plan: grid
    “PNM is committed to matching one hundred percent of the Customer's energy consumption on an annual basis with new renewable energy resources paid for by the Customer”
    Utility regulator · Oct. 2026 · grade B
  • Utility: Public Service Company of New Mexico (PNM)
    “PNM Application for the Approval of an Amended Special Services Contract and Purchased Power Agreements with Greater Kudu, LLC”
    Utility regulator · Oct. 2026 · grade B
  • Rate class: PNM Rate No. 36B, Special Service Rate, with Rider No. 47 (Green Energy Rider) and Rider No. 49 (Production Cost Allocation Rider)
    “PNM also requests approval for a Third Amended and Restated SSC, updates to the Special Service Rate - Renewable Energy Resources (Rate No. 36B), the Green Energy Rider (Rider No. 47)”
    Utility regulator · Oct. 2026 · grade B
  • Electric service agreement signed: Special Service Contract (SSC) between PNM and Facebook, Inc. approved by NMPRC in Case No. 16-00191-UT (2016); assigned to Greater Kudu LLC Dec 5, 2017; Second Amended and Restated SSC
    “as provided in the Second Amended and Restated Special Services Contract (SSC) between PNM and Customer approved originally by the Commission in Case No. 16-00191-UT and, as amended, in Case No. 18-00269-UT”
    Utility regulator · Oct. 2026 · grade B
  • Interconnection status: Operating grid service since Feb 2019; expansion load being served as new buildings complete (PNM sought 2025 approvals to serve buildings under construction)
    “to help PNM serve the expanding load of the Data Center buildings currently under construction”
    Utility regulator · Oct. 2026 · grade B
  • Construction stage: operating, original campus in service; two-building next-generation expansion under construction (construction from spring 2025 per Village inducement record)
    “This is a two to three year build out and construction to begin promptly in the spring is my understanding”
    Local government · Oct. 2026 · grade B
  • Utility: Public Service Company of New Mexico (PNM)
    “PNM's Application is requesting approval for additional renewable energy resources to support the ongoing expansion load of the Greater Kudu LLC for Meta's Data Center near Los Lunas, New Mexico.”
    Utility regulator · 2025 · grade B
  • PNM is seeking PRC approval for additional renewable resources expressly to support Greater Kudu's ongoing expansion load - a utility-side trace that the AI expansion is proceeding, without any MW load figure disclosed i
    “PNM's Application is requesting approval for additional renewable energy resources to support the ongoing expansion load of the Greater Kudu LLC for Meta's Data Center near Los Lunas, New Mexico.”
    Utility regulator · 2025 · grade B
  • Meta announces two more buildings (to eight), nearly 3.8M sq ft and ~$2B cumulative investment, plus the Sky Ranch (190 MW) and Encino North (50 MW) solar projects
    “We are excited to announce that we are expanding the Los Lunas Data Center by two new buildings”
    Company · Oct. 2021 · grade B
  • On-site certifications: LEED Gold v4 (among Meta's first campuses certified under LEED v4 Gold)
    “This center will be one of our first to be certified Gold under version 4 of the LEED rating system”
    Company · Feb. 2019 · grade B
  • Grand opening of the first Los Lunas data center building; campus supports 150+ jobs at opening; signed renewable commitments exceed 396 MW of new NM wind and solar Meta's 396 MW commitment figure is consistent with the
    “Today we celebrated the grand opening of our newest data center in Los Lunas, New Mexico”
    Company · Feb. 2019 · grade B
  • Utility service / special contract approval: Final Order approving Special Service Contract, Rate 36B, Rider 47 and initial 30 MW solar PPAs
    “the Commission approved the SSC between PNM and Customer, PNM Rate 36B - Special Service Rate and PNM Rider No. 47- Green Energy Rider”
    Utility regulator · 2016 · grade B
  • Acres: 750 acres
    “One tracker says the site sits on 750 acres, while a planned Building 10 is described as a 48 MW data center”
    News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
  • Buildings: 7 standing per trade-press count (2026); two next-generation expansion buildings under construction
    “around $70bn worth of IRBs have been used to fund the campus's seven buildings”
    News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
  • Grid operator: none (WECC; PNM balancing area)
    “iso none (WECC; PNM balancing area)”
    grade C
  • Site acreage: 750 acres
    “One tracker says the site sits on 750 acres, while a planned Building 10 is described as a 48 MW data center expected to become operational in 2026.”
    News report · Aug. 2026 · grade C
  • A tracker describes a planned Building 10 as a 48 MW data center expected operational in 2026
    “One tracker says the site sits on 750 acres, while a planned Building 10 is described as a 48 MW data center expected to become operational in 2026.”
    News report · Aug. 2026 · grade C
  • Industry trackers describe a planned Building 10 as a 48 MW data center expected to become operational in 2026 (tracker figure relayed by local press; not a company or utility figure)
    “a planned Building 10 is described as a 48 MW data center expected to become operational in 2026”
    News report · 2026 · grade C
  • PNM previously applied for a PPA to deliver 60 MW to 100 MW of solar and wind so the facility can run on renewables - generation procurement range from 2020 coverage, not a campus load figure.
    “Local utility provider PNM previously applied for a power purchase agreement to deliver 60MW to 100MW of solar and wind power, so that the facility can run on renewables”
    News report · June 2020 · grade C
  • Cooling: evaporative (direct evaporative with air-side economization design; protects servers from dust storms)
    “It will have the latest in server, storage and network designs and an evaporative cooling system capable of protecting the servers inside from New Mexico's frequent dust storms”
    News report · Nov. 2017 · grade C
  • Announced: July 8, 2016
    “PNM filed an application with the Public Regulation Commission on Friday seeking the authority to transmit at least 30 megawatts of solar power to the Facebook data center”
    News report · July 2016 · grade C
Money and contracts (65)
  • General contractor: Fortis Construction (Portland, OR)
    “Construction contractor Fortis Construction (Portland, Oregon) under 2012 CGP tracking NMR1000CX”
    State agency · Nov. 2017 · grade A
  • Tenants: Meta (owner-operator; no third-party tenant)
    “Meta Platforms, Inc. (formerly Facebook, Inc.) subsidiary Greater Kudu LLC (Customer)”
    Utility regulator · Oct. 2026 · grade B
  • Tenant status: owner-occupied
    “Meta Platforms, Inc. (formerly Facebook, Inc.) subsidiary Greater Kudu LLC (Customer)”
    Utility regulator · Oct. 2026 · grade B
  • Stage: operating
    “the Data Center, including the ongoing expansion, is estimated to have resulted in approximately $2.5 billion of total investment in construction and equipment to-date”
    Utility regulator · Oct. 2026 · grade B
  • Incentives: Village of Los Lunas IRBs: $30B issued 2016 (six series up to $5B each; property tax exemption + GRT deductions) and $7.5B additional issued 2025 for the AI expansion; LFC estimates up to $480M in tax benefit
    “Los Lunas issued an IRB to Meta in 2025 for an additional $7.5 billion to expand its capabilities to handle artificial intelligence (AI) workloads”
    Local government · Oct. 2026 · grade B
  • Financing: Self-funded by Meta through Village of Los Lunas IRB conduit structures: the Village holds title for tax purposes, the company purchases/repays the bonds, and the Village is not liable for repayment (per NM LF
    “the local government does not pledge its taxing power and is not liable for repayment if the project fails”
    Local government · Oct. 2026 · grade B
  • the underlying contract exhibits were no
    “PNM Application for the Approval of an Amended Special Services Contract and Purchased Power Agreements with Greater Kudu, LLC”
    Utility regulator · Oct. 2026 · grade B
  • Industrial revenue bond: contract value 7500000000 USD
    “Los Lunas issued an IRB to Meta in 2025 for an additional $7.5 billion to expand its capabilities to handle artificial intelligence (AI) workloads”
    State agency · July 2026 · grade B
  • Industrial revenue bond: contract value 10000000000 USD
    “Greater Kudu LLC Los Lunas Data center 2021 $10,000,000,000 Yes Ordinance 455”
    State agency · July 2026 · grade B
  • Industrial revenue bond: contract value 30000000000 USD
    “The city of Los Lunas issued an IRB to Meta in 2016 for $30 billion to construct and maintain a data center”
    State agency · July 2026 · grade B
  • Industrial revenue bond: estimated tax benefit 480000000 USD
    “The Los Lunas data center expansion (Meta) could receive up to $480 million, including $235 million in state GRT deductions and $246 million in local GRT and property tax benefits.”
    State agency · July 2026 · grade B
  • Power Purchase Agreements (2025 set): termination Section 17.3 of each agreement allows termination if the Commission does not issue an order on the Application by December 31, 2025 (the Regulatory End Date); early termi
    “The PPAs and ESAs include provisions (Section 17.3 of each agreement) allowing termination of the agreements should the Commission not issue an order on this Application by December 31, 2025, the Regulatory End Date”
    Utility regulator · Dec. 2025 · grade B
  • Stated capital cost: 2500000000 (cumulative investment to date incl. ongoing expansion, per PNM's 2025 PRC application) USD
    “The Data Center, including the ongoing expansion, is estimated to have resulted in approximately $2.5 billion of total investment in construction and equipment to-date”
    Utility regulator · June 2025 · grade B
  • Special Service Contract: amendment Third Amended and Restated SSC requested: updates incremental-resource pricing terms, PNM storage-dispatch obligations, and cost-allocation provisions; Amended Rate 36B, Rider 47 and R
    “PNM also requests approval for a Third Amended and Restated SSC, updates to the Special Service Rate - Renewable Energy Resources (Rate No. 36B), the Green Energy Rider (Rider No. 47) and the Production Cost Allocation Rider (Rider No. 49)”
    Utility regulator · June 2025 · grade B
  • Special Service Contract: condition precedent Commission approval is a condition precedent to the 2025 PPAs/ESAs taking effect
    “Commission approval of the PPAs are a condition precedent to the PPAs taking effect”
    Utility regulator · June 2025 · grade B
  • Power Purchase Agreement (solar): price / term 100 MW solar (Valencia County; interconnects Sun Ranch 115 kV substation) at 35.87 per MWh; 20-year term; COD expected Dec. 1, 2026 USD/MWh
    “Star Light Energy Center, LLC: 100 MW AC photovoltaic solar facility and 100 MW 4-hour lithium-ion battery energy storage system located in Valencia County, New Mexico”
    Utility regulator · June 2025 · grade B
  • Energy Storage Agreement: price / term 100 MW four-hour BESS at 19.32 per available hour per MW; 20-year term USD/MW-hr
    “Energy Storage Price: $19.32 per Available Hour per MW”
    Utility regulator · June 2025 · grade B
  • Power Purchase Agreement (solar): price / term 100 MW solar (San Juan County; interconnects San Juan 345 kV substation) at 39.79 per MWh; 20-year term; COD expected Dec. 31, 2027 USD/MWh
    “Four Mile Mesa Solar, LLC: 100 MW AC photovoltaic solar facility and 100 MW 4-hour lithium-ion battery energy storage system located in San Juan County, New Mexico”
    Utility regulator · June 2025 · grade B
  • Energy Storage Agreement: price / term 100 MW four-hour BESS at 21.25 per available hour per MW; 20-year term USD/MW-hr
    “Energy Storage Price: $21.25 per Available Hour per MW”
    Utility regulator · June 2025 · grade B
  • Power Purchase Agreement (solar): price / term 90 MW solar (De Baca County; behind shared POI with Casa Mesa wind; Taiban Mesa 345 kV) at 37.52 per MWh; 20-year term; COD expected Dec. 1, 2026 USD/MWh
    “Windy Lane Energy Center, LLC: 90 MW AC photovoltaic solar facility and 68 MW 4-hour lithium-ion battery energy storage system located in De Baca County, New Mexico”
    Utility regulator · June 2025 · grade B
  • Energy Storage Agreement: price / term 68 MW four-hour BESS at 19.91 per available hour per MW; 20-year term USD/MW-hr
    “Energy Storage Price: $19.91 per Available Hour per MW”
    Utility regulator · June 2025 · grade B
  • Power Purchase Agreements (2025 set): extension options No options to extend beyond the 20-year terms; prices fixed with no escalation and no reopeners; pay-for-performance (PNM pays only for energy actually generated an
    “The PPAs provide that the projects will sell energy output to PNM over twenty (20) year terms. There are no options to extend the term beyond twenty years”
    Utility regulator · June 2025 · grade B
  • Industrial Revenue Bonds: issuance (2025) 7500000000 additional USD
    “Los Lunas issued an IRB to Meta in 2025 for an additional $7.5 billion to expand its capabilities to handle artificial intelligence (AI) workloads and future hardware improvements”
    Local government · 2025 · grade B
  • Industrial Revenue Bonds: tax benefit estimate Up to 480000000 in tax benefits for the expansion (235M state GRT deductions + 246M local GRT and property tax benefits) USD
    “The Los Lunas data center expansion (Meta) could receive up to $480 million, including $235 million in state GRT deductions and $246 million in local GRT and property tax benefits”
    Local government · 2025 · grade B
  • Industrial Revenue Bonds: inducement (Resolution 24-27) Intent to issue up to six series of IRBs, aggregate principal not to exceed 7.5B per the agenda text, to induce Greater Kudu to expand with next-generation faciliti
    “This resolution declares the intent of the village to issue up to six series of industrial revenue bonds in an aggregate principal amount of not to exceed $7.5 billion each”
    Local government · Dec. 2024 · grade B
  • Power Purchase Agreement (solar): price / term 140 MW solar (Sandoval County) at 32.50 per MWh; 20-year term; COD expected March 31, 2025 USD/MWh
    “NMRD IV, will sell PNM the capacity and associated energy from the TAG Solar Energy Center at the price of $32.50/MWh over a 20-year term”
    Utility regulator · July 2023 · grade B
  • Energy Storage Agreement: price / term 50 MW four-hour battery storage co-located with TAG Solar at 11.00 per kW-month; 20-year term USD/kW-month
    “NMRD IV will sell PNM the energy storage capacity provided by the TAG Energy Storage facility at the price of $11.00/kw-month over a 20-year term”
    Utility regulator · July 2023 · grade B
  • Square feet: nearly 3.8 million sq ft
    “Once completed, the nearly 3.8 million-square-foot data center will represent an investment of nearly $2 billion and will support more than 400 operational jobs”
    Company · Oct. 2021 · grade B
  • Stated capital cost: 2000000000 (after 2021 two-building expansion, company-stated) USD
    “the nearly 3.8 million-square-foot data center will represent an investment of nearly $2 billion”
    Company · Oct. 2021 · grade B
  • Special Service Contract: amendment (addendum) Addendum to the Second A&R SSC defining the capacity value of storage controlled and dispatched by PNM; First Amended Rider No. 49
    “an Addendum to the Second Amended and Restated Special Service Contract (SSC) between PNM and Facebook, Inc. subsidiary Greater Kudu LLC (Customer)”
    Utility regulator · Feb. 2021 · grade B
  • Power Purchase Agreement (solar): amount 50 MW solar (Sandoval County) MW
    “an agreement with NMRD Data Center III, LLC (NMRD III) for 50 MW of solar energy from the Encino North Solar Energy Center (Encino North PPA)”
    Utility regulator · Feb. 2021 · grade B
  • Power Purchase Agreement (solar): amount 190 MW solar (Valencia County) MW
    “an agreement with Sky Ranch Solar, LLC (Sky Ranch Solar) for 190 MW of solar energy from the Sky Ranch Solar facility (Sky Ranch PPA)”
    Utility regulator · Feb. 2021 · grade B
  • Energy Storage Agreement: amount 100 MW four-hour energy storage capacity MW
    “an agreement with Sky Ranch Energy Storage, LLC (Sky Ranch Storage) to purchase 100 MW of four-hour energy capacity provided by the storage services facility”
    Utility regulator · Feb. 2021 · grade B
  • Stated capital cost: 1000000000+ (six-building campus, company-stated 2019) USD
    “Once completed, the center will represent a more than $1 billion investment”
    Company · Feb. 2019 · grade B
  • Special Service Contract: amendment Second Amended and Restated SSC dated August 21, 2018, approved by NMPRC
    “SSC Second Amended and Restated Special Service Contract (August 21, 2018), approved in Case No. 18-00269-UT”
    Utility regulator · Aug. 2018 · grade B
  • Power Purchase Agreement (wind): term / amount 50 MW wind + 1 MW battery storage; 25-year term; COD expected on or about Dec. 31, 2018 (Quay/De Baca Counties) MW
    “NextEra's Casa Mesa wind farm ... Case No. 18-00009-UT Application approval”
    Utility regulator · March 2018 · grade B
  • Power Purchase Agreement (wind): term / amount 166 MW wind; 20-year term; COD expected on or about Nov. 1, 2020 (near Estancia, NM) MW
    “166 MW La Joya Wind Project (Avangrid Renewables) ... term of twenty (20) years”
    Utility regulator · March 2018 · grade B
  • Power Purchase Agreement (solar): term / amount 50 MW solar; 25-year term; COD expected on or about Dec. 1, 2021 (Cibola County, west of Albuquerque) MW
    “50 MW Route 66 Solar Project (NextEra) ... term of twenty-five (25) years”
    Utility regulator · March 2018 · grade B
  • Special Service Contract: assignment SSC assigned to wholly-owned subsidiary Greater Kudu LLC; parent executed unconditional, irrevocable guaranty of Kudu's SSC payments
    “Effective December 5, 2017, Facebook assigned its interest in the SSC to its wholly-owned subsidiary Greater Kudu LLC and executed an unconditional and irrevocable parental guaranty”
    Utility regulator · Dec. 2017 · grade B
  • Facebook announces expansion from two to six buildings, taking planned investment past $1B and adding nearly 2M sq ft
    “On November 14, 2017, Facebook announced that it will be expanding its Data Center from two to six buildings”
    Utility regulator · Nov. 2017 · grade B
  • Special Service Contract: approval
    “In that case, the Commission approved the SSC between PNM and Customer, PNM Rate 36B - Special Service Rate and PNM Rider No. 47- Green Energy Rider”
    Utility regulator · 2016 · grade B
  • Special Service Contract: scope PNM procures sufficient new renewable resources to match the Data Center's load as it expands; 100% of annual consumption matched with new renewables paid for by Customer
    “the SSC's requirement that PNM acquire sufficient renewable resources to match the electric service needs of Customer as the needs expand over time”
    Utility regulator · 2016 · grade B
  • Special Service Contract: cost recovery Customer pays all PPA/ESA costs; no net adverse impact (NNAI) standard for other retail customers
    “PNM shall recover from Customer the cost of serving Customer under the SSC so that there is No Net Adverse Impact on PNM's other retail customers as a result of PNM serving Customer under the SSC”
    Utility regulator · 2016 · grade B
  • Special Service Contract: production charge 0.0231074 fixed for 10 years USD/kWh
    “Facebook's [10-year] fixed 'Contribution to Production Charge for System Supplied Energy' ('Production Charge') of $0.0231074 per kWh”
    Utility regulator · 2016 · grade B
  • Industrial Revenue Bonds: authorization / amount 30000000000 USD
    “The city of Los Lunas issued an IRB to Meta in 2016 for $30 billion to construct and maintain a data center”
    Local government · 2016 · grade B
  • Power Purchase Agreement (initial solar): amount 30 MW total (three 10 MW solar PPAs), the initial step under the SSC Grid resources procured to match campus consumption, not campus MW; booked here per the four-basis ru
    “The Commission also approved PNM's acquisition of three solar PPAs totaling 30 MW as the initial step”
    Utility regulator · 2016 · grade B
  • Investment to date: 2500 USD million
    “The company now describes its Los Lunas investment as more than $2.5 billion, with 210-plus operational jobs supported once completed”
    News report · Aug. 2026 · grade C
  • Local press reports Los Lunas approved tax incentives for the Meta expansion in March 2026, following the 2025 IRB ordinance for two more next-generation facilities Exact instrument approved in March 2026 not identified
    “Los Lunas approved tax incentives for the Meta data center expansion in March 2026”
    News report · March 2026 · grade C
  • land purchase: purchase of adjacent 475-acre parcel 475 acres
    “Albuquerque Business First reported that real estate firm CBRE brokered the sale, which closed last December.”
    News report · Dec. 2025 · grade C
  • Greater Kudu LLC closes on a 475-acre parcel adjacent to the campus (CBRE-brokered), reported as land for possible further expansion including two new buildings
    “a 475-acre parcel of land adjacent to its Los Lunas campus in New Mexico was acquired by Greater Kudu LLC last December”
    News report · Dec. 2025 · grade C
  • Industrial Revenue Bonds (expansion): six series of IRBs for the two-building expansion 7.5 USD billion (issuance approved; see basis note)
    “the village approved the issuance of six series of IRBs worth $7.5 billion last year.”
    News report · 2025 · grade C
  • Industrial revenue bond: PILOT schedule not stated in retrieved sources text
    “give the team the go ahead to proceed with economic analysis including negotiation of payment in lieu of taxes”
    News report · Dec. 2024 · grade C
  • Industrial Revenue Bonds (solar plant financing): authorization / amount 275000000 authorized; expected project cost about 172000000 (incl. about 95M of Tesla battery equipment); 1,100 acres west of Rio Rancho Financing
    “The commission authorized the issuance of $275 million in Industrial Revenue Bonds for the project through a lease arrangement with the county”
    News report · Oct. 2023 · grade C
  • Sandoval County Commission unanimously authorizes a $275M IRB for the NMRD IV (TAG) solar + storage project that serves the Kudu SSC
    “received unanimous approval from the Sandoval County Commission on Wednesday (Oct. 25)”
    News report · Oct. 2023 · grade C
  • Campus sq ft: 3800000 sq ft
    “The company announced this week it is expanding the campus by another two buildings, taking the site to almost 3.8 million-square-foot (353,000 sqm) and its investment to almost $2 billion.”
    News report · Oct. 2021 · grade C
  • power purchase agreements (renewable): 190 MW Valencia County project + 50 MW Sandoval County project 240 MW (generation nameplate, two projects combined as stated; NOT campus load)
    “This week also saw the social media giant announce new power purchase agreements (PPAs) in the state; a 190MW project in Valencia County and a 50MW project in Sandoval County.”
    News report · Oct. 2021 · grade C
  • Expansion investment: 800 USD million
    “Facebook is planning to add two data centers to its Los Lunas campus, for a total investment of $800 million.”
    News report · Feb. 2021 · grade C
  • Stated capital cost: 800000000 (2021 two-building expansion
    “Facebook wants to add two data centers to its Los Lunas, New Mexico campus in an $800 million expansion”
    News report · Jan. 2021 · grade C
  • Industrial Revenue Bonds: inducement (2021 expansion) 6600000000 sought for the two-building expansion USD
    “Facebook has asked for $6.6 billion worth of industrial revenue bonds to cover both those costs and future upgrades to hardware in the buildings covered by the first tranche”
    News report · Jan. 2021 · grade C
  • Stated capital cost: 250000000 (initial building; press-reported at announcement) USD
    “a $250 million, 510,000-square-foot facility”
    News report · Nov. 2017 · grade C
  • Ground broken on the first building (510,000 sq ft, ~$250M as announced) on the 300-acre Los Lunas site
    “Facebook broke ground on the first building in October 2016”
    News report · Oct. 2016 · grade C
  • Announced: 2016
    “The second was expedited approval by New Mexico's Public Regulation Commission (PRC) in July 2016 of a Special Service Contract (SSC) between Facebook and the Public Service Company of New Mexico (PNM)”
    News report · 2016 · grade C
  • Industrial Revenue Bonds: tax treatment Property tax exemption for 30 years on IRB-covered property; gross receipts tax deductions via nontaxable transaction certificates IRB mechanics (title held by issuer; GRT exemptio
    “which are exempt from any property taxes for the next 30 years after receiving a $30bn IRB”
    News report · 2016 · grade C
  • Ordinance text not opened; USD/yr
    “all Facebook has to do is make annual payments beginning at $50,000, eventually increasing to $100,000”
    News report · 2016 · grade C
  • State incentive package (LEDA/JTIP/GRT): grant 10000000 LEDA grant (reported for water-rights acquisition and treatment) + 3000000 job-training funds + GRT reimbursement up to 1600000 per year USD
    “$10 million in local grants, $3 million for job training funds and as much as $1.6 million a year in gross receipts tax reimbursement”
    News report · 2016 · grade C
Permits and government (47)
  • FAA OE/AAA: Determined - No Hazard
    “ASN 2024-ASW-17705-OE: Project Cable, Crane, 275 ft AGL, 5316 ft AMSL, 34.825306,-106.782833, Determined - No Hazard, submitted 2024-12-12”
    FAA · Dec. 2024 · grade A
  • Air permit completeness determination: Application ruled administratively complete April 11, 2024; Department anticipated issuing or denying on or before July 10, 2024
    “your application was ruled administratively complete on April 11, 2024 ... the Department anticipates issuing or denying this permit on or before July 10, 2024”
    State agency · April 2024 · grade A
  • Air permit (NSR) application: Application dated Mar 11, 2024, received Mar 18, 2024: change make/model of two Group 2 generators (new Group 6); allow ULSD and renewable diesel in all emergency generators; add third diese
    “in response to your air quality permit application dated March 11, 2024 to modify the Greater Kudu - Los Lunas Facility near Los Lunas, New Mexico in Valencia County”
    State agency · March 2024 · grade A
  • Air permit (NSR) modification: Preliminary determination, intent to issue on or before June 23, 2020; modification updates emergency generator models
    “the preliminary intent of NMED is to issue the air quality permit on or before June 23, 2020”
    State agency · 2020 · grade A
  • Stormwater (NPDES CGP) coverage / inspection: Compliance evaluation inspection of construction site; NOIs under 2017 CGP (Greater Kudu) and 2012 CGP (Fortis Construction)
    “The project is the construction of a data center on 300 acres of land in Los Lunas NM”
    State agency · Nov. 2017 · grade A
  • Owner companies: Greater Kudu LLC (Meta wholly-owned subsidiary; campus owner/operator, NMED permittee and PNM customer of record)
    “Effective December 5, 2017, Facebook assigned its interest in the SSC to its wholly-owned subsidiary Greater Kudu LLC”
    Utility regulator · Oct. 2026 · grade B
  • IRB/abatement ordinance: adopted
    “Greater Kudu LLC Los Lunas Data center expansion 2025 $7,500,000,000 Yes Ordinance 480”
    State agency · July 2026 · grade B
  • IRB/abatement ordinance: adopted
    “Greater Kudu LLC Los Lunas Data center 2021 $10,000,000,000 Yes Ordinance 455”
    State agency · July 2026 · grade B
  • IRB/abatement ordinance: adopted
    “Meta Los Lunas Data center 2016 $30,000,000,000 Yes Ordinance 413”
    State agency · July 2026 · grade B
  • Contract amendment + PPA/ESA application: Application filed: Third Amended and Restated SSC; three PPAs totaling 290 MW solar; three ESAs totaling 268 MW 4-hr storage; Amended Rate 36B, Rider 47, Rider 49
    “It is important to receive all approvals requested in this Application by December 31, 2025, to help PNM serve the expanding load of the Data Center buildings currently under construction”
    Utility regulator · June 2025 · grade B
  • PNM files Case No. 25-00048-UT: Third A&R SSC plus 290 MW solar / 268 MW storage to serve the ongoing expansion load of buildings under construction
    “additional renewable energy resources to support the ongoing expansion load of the Data Center”
    Utility regulator · June 2025 · grade B
  • New Mexico Public Regulation Commission: Public hearing, Case No. 25-00048-UT (Third A&R SSC + 290 MW solar PPAs + 268 MW storage ESAs for Greater Kudu)
    “A public hearing will be held at 9:00 a.m. on October 27, 2025”
    Utility regulator · June 2025 · grade B
  • special service contract / PPA / ESA approval: PNM filed application for amended special service contract with Greater Kudu LLC plus PPAs and ESAs
    “PNM (Public Service Company of New Mexico) filed its Application for Approval of an Amended Special Service Contract with Greater Kudu, LLC, three Purchased Power Agreements and three Energy Storage Agreements”
    Utility regulator · 2025 · grade B
  • Village of Los Lunas Council: Resolution 24-27, inducement and notice resolution for the 2024 Greater Kudu LLC IRB (up to six series; next-generation expansion facilities; ordinance to follow in January 2025)
    “RESOLUTION 24-27: INDUCEMENT AND NOTICE RESOLUTION FOR 2024 GREATER KUDU LLC INDUSTRIAL REVENUE BOND APPLICATION”
    Local government · Dec. 2024 · grade B
  • PPA/ESA application: Application filed: TAG Solar PPA (140 MW at $32.50/MWh) and TAG ESA (50 MW 4-hr at $11.00/kW-month) with NMRD Data Center IV, LLC
    “PNM is filing its Application for Approval of Purchased Power and Energy Storage Agreements Pursuant to the Special Service Contract with Greater Kudu LLC in this case”
    Utility regulator · July 2023 · grade B
  • New Mexico Public Regulation Commission: Evidentiary hearing, Case No. 23-00251-UT (TAG PPA/ESA for Greater Kudu)
    “An evidentiary hearing in this proceeding is scheduled to begin at 9:00 a.m. on November 7, 2023, and to continue on November 8, 2023”
    Utility regulator · July 2023 · grade B
  • building permit: Mechanical commercial / Alteration/repairs: issued
    “Gas is to remain operable during work so we wil”
    Local building-permit records · March 2021 · grade B
  • building permit: Electrical commercial / Addition: issued
    “Roof”
    Local building-permit records · March 2021 · grade B
  • PPA/ESA application: Application filed: Encino North Solar PPA (50 MW), Sky Ranch Solar PPA (190 MW), Sky Ranch ESA (100 MW 4-hr), SSC Addendum, First Amended Rider 49
    “PNM is filing this Application for the necessary approvals related to Facebook, Inc. subsidiary Greater Kudu LLC (Customer) request to add new renewable resources to serve a potential expansion of its Data Center”
    Utility regulator · Feb. 2021 · grade B
  • building permit: Electrical commercial / New: issued
    “Bms/security contract”
    Local building-permit records · Nov. 2020 · grade B
  • building permit: Electrical commercial / New: issued
    “Fiber terminations testing and as”
    Local building-permit records · Nov. 2020 · grade B
  • building permit: Electrical commercial / New: issued
    “Fiber terminations testing and assoc”
    Local building-permit records · Nov. 2020 · grade B
  • building permit: Electrical commercial / New: issued
    “Fiber terminations testing and as”
    Local building-permit records · Nov. 2020 · grade B
  • building permit: Electrical commercial / New: issued
    “Fiber terminations testing a”
    Local building-permit records · Nov. 2020 · grade B
  • building permit: Mechanical commercial / New: issued
    “The road will loop around to the”
    Local building-permit records · Oct. 2020 · grade B
  • building permit: Mechanical commercial / New: issued
    “This gas line is serving as temporary heat for building 5 and 6; Dub-l-ee is just providing gas”
    Local building-permit records · Oct. 2020 · grade B
  • building permit: Electrical commercial / Addition: issued
    “Addition circuits for new receptacles and automated door”
    Local building-permit records · May 2020 · grade B
  • building permit: Electrical commercial / New: issued
    “installation of underground conduit wiring and pole lights”
    Local building-permit records · July 2019 · grade B
  • building permit: Electrical commercial / New: issued
    “cameras and access control”
    Local building-permit records · July 2019 · grade B
  • building permit: Electrical commercial / New: issued
    “data cabling install complete; Install racks and cabinets patch panels patch cords and terminat”
    Local building-permit records · July 2019 · grade B
  • building permit: Electrical commercial / New: issued
    “cameras & access control”
    Local building-permit records · July 2019 · grade B
  • building permit: Electrical commercial / Addition: issued
    “Install new recepts in wall”
    Local building-permit records · June 2019 · grade B
  • building permit: Electrical commercial / Addition: issued
    “Install audio/video complete”
    Local building-permit records · May 2019 · grade B
  • building permit: Electrical commercial / Addition: issued
    “4 120 volt 20 amp circuits”
    Local building-permit records · Jan. 2019 · grade B
  • building permit: Electrical commercial / Alteration/repairs: issued
    “install recepts for new battery chargers”
    Local building-permit records · Dec. 2018 · grade B
  • PPA approvals: Final Order approving Casa Mesa Wind (50 MW + 1 MW storage), La Joya wind (166 MW) and Route 66 Solar (50 MW) PPAs
    “IT IS THEREFORE ORDERED: A. PNM's Application is approved. B. The three PPAs ... are approved”
    Utility regulator · March 2018 · grade B
  • Contract amendment approval: Second Amended and Restated SSC (dated Aug 21, 2018) approved
    “approved originally by the Commission in Case No. 16-00191-UT and, as amended, in Case No. 18-00269-UT”
    Utility regulator · 2018 · grade B
  • building permit: Electrical commercial / New: issued
    “Fire alarm and vesda complete install”
    Local building-permit records · Oct. 2017 · grade B
  • building permit: Electrical commercial / New: issued
    “Customer owned”
    Local building-permit records · June 2017 · grade B
  • building permit: Electrical commercial / New: issued
    “mv duct bank cabling & terminations; Setting owner provided mv equipment; Sit”
    Local building-permit records · June 2017 · grade B
  • building permit: Electrical commercial / New: issued
    “administration”
    Local building-permit records · May 2017 · grade B
  • Industrial Revenue Bond issuance approval: approved issuance of six series of IRBs worth $7.5 billion
    “the village approved the issuance of six series of IRBs worth $7.5 billion last year.”
    News report · 2025 · grade C
  • IRB/abatement ordinance: adopted
    “This resolution declares the intent of the village to issue up to six series of (IRBs) in an aggregate principal amount not to exceed $7.5 billion dollars each”
    News report · Dec. 2024 · grade C
  • Industrial Revenue Bond application: IRB application submitted to fund the expansion
    “An Industrial Revenue Bond (IRB) application to fund the expansion was submitted to the Village of Los Lunas in October 2024”
    News report · Oct. 2024 · grade C
  • Sandoval County Commission: $275M industrial revenue bond for NMRD Data Center IV, LLC (TAG solar + storage project serving the Kudu SSC)
    “received unanimous approval from the Sandoval County Commission on Wednesday (Oct. 25). The commission authorized the issuance of $275 million in Industrial Revenue Bonds”
    News report · Oct. 2023 · grade C
  • Village of Los Lunas Council: Intent to proceed with IRBs for the $800M two-building expansion ($6.6B of IRBs sought)
    “The Los Lunas Village Council approved the intent to move forward with the process to consider the new data centers and tax breaks in January”
    News report · Jan. 2021 · grade C
  • Village of Los Lunas Council: Authorization of up to $30B in industrial revenue bonds for the Facebook data center (six series of up to $5B each)
    “New Mexico's Los Lunas Village Council authorized up to $30 billion in industrial revenue bonds for the data center, in a series of six IRBs worth up to $5 billion each”
    News report · 2016 · grade C
Site and other (19)
  • County code: Valencia County, NM (35061)
    “This facility is located within the Village of Los Lunas in Valencia County, NM”
    State agency · Oct. 2026 · grade A
  • Code names: Project Antelope (construction / NPDES code name)
    “Facility Name/ Project Antelope ... Greater Kudu, LLC 4250 Messenger Loop Los Lunas, NM 87031”
    State agency · Nov. 2017 · grade A
  • Acres: 300 acres
    “The project is the construction of a data center on 300 acres of land in Los Lunas NM”
    State agency · Nov. 2017 · grade A
  • Name: Meta Los Lunas
    “additional renewable energy resources to support the ongoing expansion load of the Greater Kudu LLC for Meta's Data Center near Los Lunas, New Mexico”
    Utility regulator · Oct. 2026 · grade B
  • Developer: Meta Platforms, Inc. (filed as Facebook, Inc. through Oct 2021)
    “Meta Platforms, Inc. (formerly Facebook, Inc.) subsidiary Greater Kudu LLC”
    Utility regulator · Oct. 2026 · grade B
  • Current target date: operating since Feb. 2019; expansion buildings phased, 2025 expansion construction is a 2-3 year buildout (CODs of individual expansion buildings not disclosed by Meta)
    “This is a two to three year build out and construction to begin promptly in the spring is my understanding”
    Local government · Oct. 2026 · grade B
  • Workforce estimate: 1,100+ skilled trade workers on site daily at peak construction; 400+ direct operational jobs after completion (PNM 2025 filing, reporting Customer figures); about 150 jobs at the 2019 opening
    “an estimate of over 1,100 skilled trade workers on site daily during peak construction and ongoing phases of buildout, and over 400 direct operational jobs following completion”
    Utility regulator · June 2025 · grade B
  • Buildings: 8 (six original + two announced Oct 27, 2021)
    “We are excited to announce that we are expanding the Los Lunas Data Center by two new buildings”
    Company · Oct. 2021 · grade B
  • Water use stated: Meta goal: restore 200% of the water the data center consumes into New Mexico watersheds; 2020 restoration projects returned about 64 million gallons; Meta states the campus already restores more water
    “Today, we are also announcing a new goal to restore 200% of the water our data center consumes into the New Mexico watersheds”
    Company · Oct. 2021 · grade B
  • Buildings: 6
    “We selected this location for our six-building campus because of its access to robust infrastructure, a strong local talent pool, and new renewable energy resources”
    Company · Feb. 2019 · grade B
  • Original target date: Feb. 2019
    “Today we celebrated the grand opening of our newest data center in Los Lunas, New Mexico”
    Company · Feb. 2019 · grade B
  • Site address: 4250 Messenger Lp, Los Lunas, NM 87031
    “Los Lunas is situated south of Albuquerque, a city located in central New Mexico.”
    News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
  • Opposition: Resident concern over water use around the 2025 expansion reported in Valencia County (2025-2026 local coverage); intervenor opposition (CFRE, NMIEC) to the SSC/PPA structure in PRC cases 2016-2018, subsidiz
    “Meta's Los Lunas footprint has grown into one of New Mexico's biggest hyperscale builds, and the practical question in Valencia County is no longer whether the campus brings investment, but who pays for the electricity, water and infrastructure it needs”
    News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
  • County code: 35061
    “Meta first broke ground on the Los Lunas Data Center in 2016 and celebrated the grand opening of its newest data center there in February 2019”
    News report · Aug. 2026 · grade C
  • Operator: Meta Platforms, Inc.
    “Meta has bought a land parcel adjacent to its existing Los Lunas campus in New Mexico, paving the way for a potential expansion.”
    News report · Jan. 2026 · grade C
  • Adjacent land purchase: 475 acres
    “A 475-acre land parcel adjacent to Meta's Los Lunas campus is now owned by known Meta affiliate Greater Kudu LLC.”
    News report · Jan. 2026 · grade C
  • Valencia County residents raise water-use concerns around the expansion; local coverage frames the open question as who pays for electricity, water and infrastructure
    “the practical question in Valencia County is no longer whether the campus brings investment, but who pays for the electricity, water and infrastructure it needs”
    News report · 2025 · grade C
  • Project status: operating
    “Meta first broke ground on the Los Lunas Data Center in 2016 and celebrated the grand opening of its newest data center there in February 2019”
    News report · Feb. 2019 · grade C
  • Groundbreaking date: Oct. 2016
    “Facebook broke ground on the first building in October 2016”
    News report · Nov. 2017 · grade C

Imagery and records: Building permits: ATTOM.