Data center profile · Madison County Mega Site, Highway 22 and Nissan Parkway, Canton, Madison County, Mississippi

Amazon Project Atlas, Canton

Amazon's five-building campus at the Madison County Mega Site in Canton, Mississippi: Entergy grid power, about 900 MW of permitted diesel backup; $1B-plus tax-valuation fight.

Partly operating, still building. Five buildings are built or going up, and the county put them on its 2026 tax roll at about $292M each. Amazon has disclosed no IT capacity; its air permit is being expanded for 100-plus more generators.
The site, Satellite image, Dec. 20, 2025
~900 MW
permitted diesel backup generation at this site
326 critical 2.75 MW units (state air permit, Dec. 2025); IT capacity not disclosed; this is backup, not supply
5
data-center buildings on the tax roll
county true value near $292M each for 2026
927 acres
campus land, in a 1,025-acre state mega site
press figure for the Amazon portion
$10B + $11B
Amazon's announced Madison County investment, 2024 and April 2026
covers two campuses (Canton and a separate Ridgeland campus), not this site alone
OperatorAmazon Data Services (AWS), owner-operator
CustomerAmazon Web Services (self-occupied)
Planned IT capacity800 MW at full build-out (our estimate from the company's 1 GW campus power figure)
First building in serviceIn service since Jan. 2026 (about 284 MW of IT capacity live, estimated)
Next stepState decision on the pending air-permit modification adding generators; its comment period closed Aug. 24, 2026
From orbit

The site from above

Satellite overview1
Satellite image, March 21, 2017.
From orbit

The site

Latest clear satellite view, Dec. 20, 2025. What we count on the Dec. 20, 2025 image:

The site
Satellite image, Dec. 20, 2025
Power

Power and the grid

Contracted, size not disclosed

Sources on record, size not disclosed
Backup generators (emergency use, not a power supply)

Getting on the grid

Who supplies what, what it costs, and what is still not public.

  1. Jan. 30, 2024
    State law removes regulator approval
    Mississippi's SB 2001 lets Entergy sign a confidential large-customer agreement with no Public Service Commission approval. see Permits
  2. March 1, 2024
    Entergy signs the agreement
    Entergy's annual report says it signed the agreement to serve two Madison County campuses. SEC filing · March 2024
  3. Jan. 31, 2024
    Entergy builds three new substations
    Entergy is building three substations for the project, a cost not counted in Amazon's $10B (press). News report · Jan. 2024
  4. Not set
    Delivered MW and contract terms: not public
    No contract demand, term or minimum take is disclosed, and the agreement text is confidential by statute. State agency · Oct. 2026

Grid upgrades

What the grid is building for this load: the asset, its cost, who pays and when it is due to be energized. An upgrade may serve a later phase, not the first building.

Related grid records in the area

What is next door

campus2.39 km · 345 kV+ linecampus2.39 km · 345 kV+ line

Distances from mapped lines and plants. OpenStreetMap · Oct. 2026

Permits

Permits checklist

1 withdrawn · 2 pending · 2 granted · 1 checked, nothing on file

Risks

What could slow it down

Money

Money on record

$10B
announced investment for two Madison County campuses
Jan. 2024; largest private investment in Mississippi history; April 2026 added an $11B Madison County expansion SEC filing · April 2024
~$1.46B
county's 2026 assessed value of the five buildings
about $292M each; Amazon sought about $350M combined; board upheld the county Aug. 17, 2026 News report · Aug. 2026
$230M
county tax revenue projected over six years from both campuses
30-year fee-in-lieu agreements; about half repays the state loan; county attorney's estimate (press) News report · Sept. 2026
$215.1M
state loan to Madison County for project infrastructure
4% interest, repaid from Amazon payments News report · Jan. 2024
$44M
state workforce appropriations in the incentive package
plus a 10-year corporate income tax exemption and a 3% construction rebate (press) News report · Feb. 2024
$171.5M sewer system
largest piece of a $215.1M state infrastructure loan to the county, shared with the second campus (press)
News report · Jan. 2024
Land assembly

4 recorded land documents for the campus company in county records (April 2024); none lists a price. Parcel counts come from the deed; acreage is not recorded.

Timeline

What happened, and what is due

SitePaper trailConstructionPowerPermitsMoneyLegalUpcoming
  1. Jan. 25, 2024
    Site Amazon Web Services announces $10B for two Madison County campuses and at least 1,000 jobs State agency · Jan. 2024
  2. Jan. 30, 2024
    Money Governor signs the incentive package and the law shielding the Entergy agreement from regulators News report · Jan. 2024
  3. March 1, 2024
    Power Entergy signs a large-customer agreement to serve both campuses SEC filing · March 2024
  4. April 1, 2024
    Money Land purchase recorded (no price on the deed): Turkey Lake LLC to Amazon Data Services Inc (1 parcel) County deed records · April 2024
  5. May 22, 2024
    Permits State publishes a draft air permit for 329 backup engines, about 871 MW State agency · May 2024
  6. Oct. 24, 2024
    Construction First construction stormwater coverage issued for the mega site State agency · Oct. 2024
  7. Dec. 4, 2024
    Permits Air construction permit issued State agency · Oct. 2026
  8. Dec. 16, 2025
    Permits Air permit modified to 326 critical generators State agency · Dec. 2025
  9. 2026
    Construction First building scheduled to come online (press) News report · Oct. 2026
  10. April 9, 2026
    Money Amazon announces an $11B Madison County expansion, bringing its Mississippi total to $25B Company · April 2026
  11. June 29, 2026
    Permits State acknowledges Amazon's Title V operating permit application State agency · Oct. 2026
  12. Aug. 17, 2026
    Money County supervisors uphold the roughly $292M-per-building valuation over Amazon's appeal News report · Aug. 2026
  13. Oct. 2, 2026
    Construction Amazon says 2,300 construction workers are on its Mississippi sites News report · Oct. 2026
  14. 2032
    Money County projected to finish repaying its state infrastructure loan (press) News report · July 2026
Construction activity

Satellite captures by quarter

Since March 2011: 71 satellite captures. The chart starts in the first quarter of 2023; 6 earlier records are not drawn.

Satellite
’23
’24
’25
’26
Dot size: records in the quarter, largest = 6. Two-digit years mark each first quarter.
The buildings

Specs

5 buildings
Canton data centers assessed for 2026
News report · Aug. 2026
1,700 permanent jobs
expected across Amazon's Mississippi sites; 2,300 construction workers now (Amazon, press)
News report · Oct. 2026
Who is involved

Owners, partners and builders

Owners
  • Amazon Data Services, Inc. and Amazon Web Services: developer and owner
  • Madison County Economic Development Authority: assembled and sold the land
Decision-makers
  • Madison County Board of Supervisors: tax agreements and valuation appeal
  • Mississippi DEQ and Permit Board: air and stormwater permits
  • Mississippi Major Economic Impact Authority and Development Authority: state incentives
Power
  • Entergy Mississippi: electric utility under the 2024 agreement
  • Mississippi Public Service Commission: approval power removed by SB 2001
Opponents and analysts
  • Southern Environmental Law Center, Environmental Advocates Mississippi and Earthjustice: air and ratepayer challenges
  • Synapse Energy Economics: author of the ratepayer-cost analysis
Still unknown

Open questions

Where this comes from

354 records from 47 documents

Drawn from news reports, state agency records, public and commercial datasets, company statements, securities filings and satellite captures, each kept with its date and source. The bar shows documents by type.

News report 20State agency 17Dataset 6Company 4SEC filing 2Satellite 0
Evidence

Every quote behind this page

Grade key: A = the primary record itself (permit, filing, exhibit) · B = a dated official statement · C = news reporting. Map distances are our own measurements on OpenStreetMap and carry no grade. Allegations in lawsuits are marked as such in the quotes.

Power (35)
  • On-site generation: 900 MW
    “another Amazon Data Services site is under construction just 15 miles north at 1978 Highway 22 Canton, MS 39046 (Permit No. 1720-00098)”
    State agency · Oct. 2026 · grade A
  • Utility: Entergy Mississippi LLC
    “Entergy Mississippi LLC, Traceview Advanced Power Station”
    State agency · Oct. 2026 · grade A
  • Power agreement status: executed March 2024 (Entergy Mississippi large customer supply and service agreement, two Madison County campuses)
    “In March 2024, Entergy Mississippi executed a large customer supply and service agreement to serve two data center campuses located in Madison County, Mississippi in which Amazon Web Services is investing”
    SEC filing · Feb. 2026 · grade A
  • Interconnection status: Contracted but sealed by law - Entergy Mississippi executed a large customer supply and service agreement in March 2024 covering two Madison County campuses (this campus's Canton and Ridgeland com
    “In March 2024, Entergy Mississippi executed a large customer supply and service agreement to serve two data center campuses located in Madison County, Mississippi in which Amazon Web Services is investing”
    SEC filing · Feb. 2026 · grade A
  • Generation fleet canton: 326 x Caterpillar 3516E diesel emergency generators, 4,043 HP each, 2,750 kW gensets (CEG 1-326, critical); plus 5 x Caterpillar C18, 1,112 HP, 750 kW (HEG 1-5, house); 2 x Caterpillar 3512C, 2,2
    “AA-000 | CEG 1-326 | Critical Emergency Backup Electrical Power Generators | 4,043 HP Caterpillar 3516E CI diesel-fired Tier-2 certified emergency generator engine (for 2,750 kW Genset)”
    State agency · Dec. 2025 · grade A
  • Generation fleet ridgeland: 384 x Caterpillar 3516E diesel emergency generators, 4,043 HP each, 2,750 kW gensets (CEG, in 14 buildings: 10 buildings x 28 + 4 buildings x 26); plus 4 x Caterpillar C18, 1,112 HP, 750 kW (H
    “Building 1 containing twenty-six (26) Critical Emergency Generators, each with a maximum rated power capacity of 2,750 kW and one House Generator with a maximum rated power capacity of 750 kW”
    State agency · June 2025 · grade A
  • Backup generators canton engines: 329 engines
    “4,043 HP Caterpillar 3516E CI diesel-fired Tier-2 certified emergency generator engine (for 2,750 kW Genset), equipped with SCR, DOC, and DPF”
    State agency · May 2024 · grade A
  • On-site generation: 871 MW
    “4,043 HP Caterpillar 3516E CI diesel-fired Tier-2 certified emergency generator engine (for 2,750 kW Genset), equipped with SCR, DOC, and DPF”
    State agency · May 2024 · grade A
  • utility large-load plan / contract filing: Large customer supply and service agreement executed March 2024
    “In March 2024, Entergy Mississippi executed a large customer supply and service agreement to serve two data center campuses located in Madison County, Mississippi in which Amazon Web Services is investing”
    Company · March 2024 · grade A
  • Entergy Mississippi executed a large customer supply and service agreement in March 2024 to serve the two Amazon data center campuses in Madison County (disclosed in Entergy's 2025 Form 10-K); a second agreement (Februar
    “In March 2024, Entergy Mississippi executed a large customer supply and service agreement to serve two data center campuses located in Madison County, Mississippi in which Amazon Web Services is investing”
    SEC filing · March 2024 · grade A
  • Power plan: grid
    “the public convenience and necessity and the public interest require a public utility to construct, acquire, own, operate, maintain or improve the electric generation, transmission and distribution facilities”
    State agency · Jan. 2024 · grade A
  • Nearest power line of 345 kV or more: 2.39 km
    Measured on OpenStreetMap map data.
    OpenStreetMap · Oct. 2026
  • Nearest substation of 345 kV or more: none within 16km
    Measured on OpenStreetMap map data.
    OpenStreetMap · Oct. 2026
  • Nearest gas pipeline: none within 16km
    Measured on OpenStreetMap map data.
    OpenStreetMap · Oct. 2026
  • Megasite total acres: 1025 acres
    “Madison County Mega Site - Total Size: 1,025 acres - Available: 855 acres (Mississippi Development Authority, Mississippi Mega Sites)”
    State agency · Oct. 2026 · grade B
  • Stated campus size: not stated
    “shall constitute a trade secret and confidential commercial and financial information”
    State agency · Oct. 2026 · grade B
  • IT capacity: not stated
    “DOCUMENTED ABSENCE: IT load is not disclosed by Amazon and appears in no permit; the MDEQ air permits cover emergency gensets only”
    State agency · Oct. 2026 · grade B
  • Utility service: not stated
    “No approval by the commission of such agreement shall be required”
    State agency · Oct. 2026 · grade B
  • On-site generation: not stated
    “CI diesel-fired Tier-2 certified emergency generator engine (for 2,750 kW Genset)”
    State agency · Oct. 2026 · grade B
  • Backup generators ridgeland engines: 391 engines
    “authorizing 391 diesel-fired emergency generators with a total capacity of 1060 MW”
    State agency · Oct. 2026 · grade B
  • On-site generation: 1,060 MW
    “authorizing 391 diesel-fired emergency generators with a total capacity of 1060 MW”
    State agency · Oct. 2026 · grade B
  • Dedicated grid plant: Traceview Advanced Power Station (Entergy Mississippi), Ridgeland
    “The Traceview Advanced Power Station in Madison County includes a 754-megawatt natural gas-fired combined-cycle combustion turbine power plant and a substation capable of transmitting power from the plant to the electric grid.”
    Company · Oct. 2026 · grade B
  • not stated in any SEC filing - Amazon CIK searches: 'Madison County' 0 hits, 'Project Atlas' 0 hits; Entergy's 10-K names the campuses and the supply agreements but states no campus load
    “Amazon CIK 0001018724: Madison County 0 hits, Project Atlas 0 hits”
    SEC filing · Oct. 2026 · grade B
  • Utility generation support: 754 MW Traceview Advanced Power Station (Ridgeland, Madison County) under construction; expected in service August 2029
    “Delta Blues Advanced Power Station in Greenville is expected to be in service May 2028... A third plant, Traceview Advanced Power Station, will be in Ridgeland, with an expected in-service date of August 2029.”
    Company · Feb. 2026 · grade B
  • transmission upgrade (MTEP App A/B): Approved - MTEP25 Appendix A
    “50602 Green Acres 500/230 kV New Substation Load Growth 12/1/2029 $312.0”
    Dataset · Aug. 2025 · grade B
  • Entergy Mississippi's MTEP25 Appendix A load-growth cluster in this campus's area also includes 50600 Oak Bend 230 kV station ($150.0M, ISD 12/1/2029) and 50601 Andes 230 kV Expansion ($40.0M, ISD 4/1/2028); only Green A
    “50600 Oak Bend 230 kV station Load Growth 12/1/2029 $150.0”
    Dataset · Aug. 2025 · grade B
  • Stated campus size: 1,000 MW
    “Amazon's announcement in late January 2024 to develop two data center campuses totaling 1GW at a state mega-site of over 1,000 acres in Madison County.”
    News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
  • Stage: building
    “Wages worked alongside both companies last fall when work began on the 927-acre Madison County Megasite in Canton”
    News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
  • On-site generation: 1,960 MW
    “At their maximum combined output, these machines will be capable of producing close to 2,000 megawatts”
    News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
  • Grid operator: MISO
    “Amazon, which is building four data center campuses across three counties (Hinds, Madison and Warren) and relying on Entergy to meet their power needs”
    News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
  • Synapse Energy Economics report (for Earthjustice / Environmental Advocates Mississippi) finds SB 2001 shifted Amazon-related grid costs onto residential ratepayers; press coverage of the report puts residential costs at
    “Entergy's claims cannot be verified, however, because its contract with Amazon is hidden under state law”
    News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
  • Utility-side build for Amazon's Mississippi load: Entergy is building three combined-cycle plants (Greenville, Vicksburg, Ridgeland/Traceview) totaling over 2,100 MW; Cleanview (Sep 2026) sizes Entergy's Amazon-driven in
    “supporting construction of new natural gas-fired power plants in Greenville, Vicksburg and Ridgeland”
    News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
  • Green Acres Substation appears in Traceview stormwater coverage (MSR109619 modified Aug 19 2026); Entergy has been building three new substations for the Amazon project since 2024
    “a modification to coverage MSR109619 effective Aug. 19, 2026 that now names the Green Acres Substation”
    News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
  • Entergy's Amazon agreement now spans four Mississippi campuses across Hinds, Madison and Warren counties (the Madison County agreement covers this campus); all operate under SB 2001's trade-secret shield, and Entergy's c
    “Amazon is building four data center campuses across three counties (Hinds, Madison and Warren) and relying on Entergy to meet their power needs.”
    News report · Aug. 2026 · grade C
  • Substations: Entergy Mississippi building three new substations to serve the project (not counted in Amazon's $10 billion)
    “Entergy Mississippi is building three new substations and that investment isn't counted in the $10 billion”
    News report · Jan. 2024 · grade C
Money and contracts (38)
  • Electric service agreement (large customer supply and service agreement): existence and scope: bilateral agreement for electric service to the Madison County data center project, entered under SB 2001 Sec 22; pricing may
    “A public utility may enter into a large customer supply and service agreement with a customer”
    State agency · Oct. 2026 · grade A
  • Electric service agreement (large customer supply and service agreement): regulatory approval: no Public Service Commission approval required, and the commission may not alter, modify or cancel the agreement for its enti
    “No approval by the commission of such agreement shall be required”
    State agency · Oct. 2026 · grade A
  • Electric service agreement (large customer supply and service agreement): confidentiality: the agreement and all charges for electrical service are trade secret and confidential commercial and financial information, exem
    “and its terms, including all charges for electrical service, shall constitute a trade secret and confidential commercial and financial information”
    State agency · Oct. 2026 · grade A
  • Electric service agreement (large customer supply and service agreement): cost recovery: utility may construct before permits and approvals are in hand; pre-approval costs are deemed used and useful (Sec 22(6)); PSC revi
    “shall be deemed used and useful under Section 77-3-44”
    State agency · Oct. 2026 · grade A
  • Electric service agreement (large customer supply and service agreement): termination / cancellation / minimum-take: NOT PUBLIC - because the agreement text is confidential by statute, no termination, term-length, minimu
    “shall constitute a trade secret and confidential commercial and financial information”
    State agency · Oct. 2026 · grade A
  • Franchise tax fee-in-lieu (SB 2001, amending Miss. Code 27-13-7): condition / clawback: if the annual number of full-time jobs maintained falls below the agreed amount for a prescribed period, the franchise tax fee-in-li
    “THE FRANCHISE TAX FEE-IN-LIEU FOR THE PROJECT SHALL BE REDUCED OR SUSPENDED”
    State agency · Oct. 2026 · grade A
  • Announced investment: 10000000000 USD
    “A planned investment of $10 billion to build two data center complexes in Mississippi”
    SEC filing · April 2024 · grade A
  • Electric framework: SB 2001 (2024 Second Extraordinary Session) Section 22: large customer supply and service agreement; no PSC approval; terms confidential by statute
    “No approval by the commission of such agreement shall be required”
    State agency · Jan. 2024 · grade A
  • Tenants: AWS (owner-occupied)
    “Amazon Web Services, Inc. (AWS) is investing $10 billion to establish multiple data center complexes in two Madison County industrial parks”
    State agency · Oct. 2026 · grade B
  • Tenant status: owner-occupied; no third-party tenant
    “Amazon Web Services, Inc. (AWS) is investing $10 billion to establish multiple data center complexes in two Madison County industrial parks.”
    State agency · Oct. 2026 · grade B
  • Investment expansion 2026: 11000000000 USD
    “Amazon's $11 billion expansion of data center operations in Madison County”
    Company · April 2026 · grade B
  • Investment statewide total: 25000000000 USD
    “bring the company's capital investment in Mississippi to $25 billion”
    Company · April 2026 · grade B
  • Amazon announces $12B of new Mississippi investment: an $11B Madison County expansion and a $1B conversion of the former Delphi plant in Clinton (Hinds County); statewide total reaches $25B and 800 new jobs are promised
    “Amazon's $11 billion expansion of data center operations in Madison County”
    Company · April 2026 · grade B
  • Land purchase (recorded deed): contract value USD
    “Recorded: April 1, 2024 · Grantor: TURKEY LAKE LLC · Grantee: AMAZON DATA SERVICES INC · Parcel number: 092E-21 -001 · City: CANTON”
    County deed records · April 2024 · grade B
  • Land purchase (recorded deed): contract value USD
    “Recorded: April 1, 2024 · Grantor: WALKER LANDS II LLC · Grantee: AMAZON DATA SERVICES INC · Parcel number: 092H-28 -002/01 · Address: 000 ADDRESS EXCEPTION · City: CANTON”
    County deed records · April 2024 · grade B
  • Land purchase (recorded deed): contract value USD
    “Recorded: April 1, 2024 · Grantor: MADISON COUNTY ECONOMIC DEV AUTHORI · Grantee: AMAZON DATA SERVICES INC · Parcel number: 092E-21 -003/03 · City: CANTON”
    County deed records · April 2024 · grade B
  • Land purchase (recorded deed): contract value USD
    “Recorded: April 1, 2024 · Grantor: TURKEY LAKE LLC · Grantee: AMAZON DATA SERVICES INC · Parcel number: 092H-28 -002/02.03 · City: CANTON”
    County deed records · April 2024 · grade B
  • Name: Amazon Project Atlas (Madison County)
    “Amazon Web Services, Inc. (AWS) is investing $10 billion to establish multiple data center complexes in two Madison County industrial parks”
    State agency · Jan. 2024 · grade B
  • Sponsor: Amazon Web Services (Amazon.com Inc)
    “Amazon Web Services, Inc. (AWS) is investing $10 billion to establish multiple data center complexes in two Madison County industrial parks”
    State agency · Jan. 2024 · grade B
  • Announced: Jan. 25, 2024
    “Amazon Web Services, Inc. (AWS) is investing $10 billion to establish multiple data center complexes in two Madison County industrial parks”
    State agency · Jan. 2024 · grade B
  • Investment announced: 10000000000 USD
    “Amazon Web Services, Inc. (AWS) is investing $10 billion to establish multiple data center complexes in two Madison County industrial parks”
    State agency · Jan. 2024 · grade B
  • AWS announces $10B for two Madison County data center complexes with at least 1,000 jobs; largest capital investment in Mississippi history
    “Amazon Web Services, Inc. (AWS) is investing $10 billion to establish multiple data center complexes in two Madison County industrial parks”
    State agency · Jan. 2024 · grade B
  • Buildings assessed 2026: 5 data center buildings assessed by the Madison County tax assessor at approximately $292 million each; Amazon disputes the appraisal (argues about $69 million each)
    “Madison County's tax assessor valued each of the five data center buildings at approximately $292 million, but AWS countered that the figure should be around the range $69 million instead.”
    News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
  • Aliases: Project Atlas; Madison County Mega Site (Canton complex); Costas property (Ridgeland complex); Baxtel JAN-200
    “Also part of the $25bn investment is Project Atlas in Madison County”
    News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
  • Construction stage: vertical construction; first buildings complete
    “each of Amazon's five data center buildings at the mega site has a true value of nearly $292 million for the 2026 tax roll”
    News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
  • Current target date: 2027
    “with total projected investment now expected to exceed $20 billion across multiple campuses and phases under development”
    News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
  • Land sale - Madison County Mega Site: scope: MCEDA sold Mega Site land to Amazon; price not disclosed in any source opened; MCEDA operated under a non-disclosure agreement with Amazon during development
    “told the Madison County Economic Development Authority — the organization selling the land to Amazon — that she was interested in a buyout”
    News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
  • Site work began in fall 2024 at both sites; Mississippi contractors (Southern Rock, Birdsong, Wages Civil) among the first on the ground
    “who worked alongside both companies last fall when work began on the 927-acre Madison County Mega Site in Canton”
    News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
  • Land purchase option - Traceview site (grid-side, serves campus load): scope: MCEDA, not Entergy, held the option to buy the 585-acre Traceview site and was the applicant of record for the Ridgeland conditional use permi
    “with the request filed by the Madison County Economic Development Authority rather than Entergy”
    News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
  • Fee-in-lieu of taxes (FILOT) agreement - Canton campus: term: 30 years
    “The Madison County School District, Canton Public Schools and the city of Ridgeland will all receive a chunk of the company's tax revenue under the 30-year agreements”
    News report · Sept. 2026 · grade C
  • Fee-in-lieu of taxes (FILOT) agreement - Ridgeland campus: term: 30 years; school districts and the City of Ridgeland begin receiving payments in Q1 2027
    “are set to begin receiving payments in the first quarter of 2027”
    News report · Sept. 2026 · grade C
  • Fee-in-lieu of taxes (FILOT) agreements - both campuses: revenue application: county share projected at about $230M over six years (MCEDA attorney Chris Pace, Jul 6 2026); about half repays the $215M state infrastructure
    “the county should receive approximately $230 million from the company in tax revenue over the next six years”
    News report · Sept. 2026 · grade C
  • Board of Supervisors upholds the county's roughly $292M-per-building valuation of the five Canton buildings against Amazon's roughly $70M-per-building appraisal; Amazon may appeal to circuit court
    “That leaves a gap of more than $220 million per building, or over $1 billion combined for all five structures”
    News report · Aug. 2026 · grade C
  • State incentive package (Mississippi Major Economic Impact Act): scope: 10-year corporate income tax exemption; about 3% rebate on construction costs; rolling state tax exemptions up to 30 years; $44M in state appropriat
    “includes a ten-year corporate income tax exemption, a three percent rebate on construction costs, and rolling state tax exemptions that could last as long as thirty years”
    News report · Feb. 2024 · grade C
  • State incentive package (Mississippi Major Economic Impact Act): conditions: keeping the exemptions requires minimum investment of $500M and 50 additional jobs each year
    “To keep them, Amazon must continue to make minimum investments of $500 million and 50 additional jobs each year”
    News report · Feb. 2024 · grade C
  • Infrastructure loan: scope and repayment: county borrowed $215.1M from the state at 4% for project infrastructure; repaid from fee-in-lieu payments / minimum local property taxes; Amazon guaranteed full repayment from th
    “Madison County will borrow $215.1 million from the state at a 4 percent interest rate that will go toward infrastructure”
    News report · Jan. 2024 · grade C
  • Infrastructure loan: scope detail: $171.5M new sewer system (Beattie's Bluff wastewater expansion), $14.8M water systems, $15M site grounds; a second breakdown adds $15.7M roads and a $13M fire station
    “the largest portion of that will be $171.5 million for a brand-new sewer system”
    News report · Jan. 2024 · grade C
  • hosting / colocation: scope not named end customer (Anthropic tie)
    “Amazon Web Services (AWS) has been confirmed as the cloud company behind a $10bn data center development in Madison County, Mississippi.”
    News report · Jan. 2024 · grade C
Permits and government (39)
  • Air construction permit: issued
    “Amazon Data Services Inc, Madison Mega Site”
    State agency · Oct. 2026 · grade A
  • Air construction permit modification: modification issued
    “Air - Construction Permit Modification”
    State agency · Oct. 2026 · grade A
  • Air construction permit modification: draft modification - public comment period ended
    “Draft Permit Public Comment Period Ends”
    State agency · Oct. 2026 · grade A
  • Title V operating permit: application acknowledged
    “Issue Letter Acknowledging Receipt of Application”
    State agency · Oct. 2026 · grade A
  • PSD air permit: response to comments issued; updated draft permit
    “Updated Draft PSD Permit to Construct Air Emissions Equipment”
    State agency · Oct. 2026 · grade A
  • Canton air permit 1720-00098 issued; modification issued Dec 16 2025; a further modification (part of 100+ added gensets sought across both sites) was in draft comment through Aug 24 2026; Title V application acknowledge
    “Air - Construction Permit Modification”
    State agency · Oct. 2026 · grade A
  • Construction stormwater general permit (MSR10) coverage: Coverage issued; term to Jan. 31, 2027
    “MSR109935 | The Haskell Company, Project Atlas JAN 200 Phase II | GP-Construction | 08/14/2026 | Coverage Issued”
    State agency · Aug. 2026 · grade A
  • Title V operating permit application: Application received; acknowledgment letter issued
    “Air Title V 1720-00098 06/29/2026 Issue Letter Acknowledging Receipt of Application”
    State agency · June 2026 · grade A
  • Construction stormwater general permit (MSR10) coverage: Coverage issued April 28, 2026; modification coverage issued Aug. 14, 2026; term to Jan. 31, 2027
    “MSR109808 | Entergy Mississippi, LLC, Entergy County Line Substation, Project Atlas | GP-Construction | 04/28/2026 | Coverage Issued”
    State agency · April 2026 · grade A
  • Construction stormwater general permit (MSR10) coverage: Coverage issued; term to Jan. 31, 2027
    “MSR109759 | Birdsong Construction, Project Atlas, Livingston Road Stockpile Area | GP-Construction | 03/06/2026 | Coverage Issued”
    State agency · March 2026 · grade A
  • Air construction permit modification: Issued (modification)
    “Issued: December 4, 2024 | Modified: December 16, 2025 | 86219 PER20250001 | Permit No.: 1720-00098”
    State agency · Dec. 2025 · grade A
  • Construction stormwater general permit (MSR10) coverage: Coverage issued Sept. 15, 2025; Coverage TERMINATED Aug. 14, 2026
    “MSR109623 | The Haskell Company, JAN 200 Haskell | GP-Construction | 09/15/2025 | Coverage Terminated 08/14/2026”
    State agency · Sept. 2025 · grade A
  • Construction stormwater general permit (MSR10) coverage: Coverage issued Aug. 28, 2025; modification coverage issued May 13, 2026; term to Jan. 31, 2027
    “MSR109638 | Amazon Data Services, Inc, MCEDA Jan 100, Phase II and III | GP-Construction | 08/28/2025 | Coverage Issued 05/13/2026”
    State agency · Aug. 2025 · grade A
  • Air construction permit: Issued
    “Amazon Data Services Inc, JAN200 | 1626 County Line Road, Ridgeland, Mississippi | Issued: June 25, 2025 | Permit No.: 1720-00099”
    State agency · June 2025 · grade A
  • Air construction permit: Issued
    “Amazon Data Services Inc, Madison Mega Site | Nissan Parkway and Highway 22, Canton, Mississippi | Permit No.: 1720-00098”
    State agency · Dec. 2024 · grade A
  • Construction stormwater general permit (MSR10) coverage: Coverage issued Oct. 24, 2024; Coverage TERMINATED May 28, 2026
    “MSR109366 | Amazon Data Services Inc, Yates-Turner, MCEDA Megasite | GP-Construction | 10/24/2024 | Coverage Terminated 05/28/2026”
    State agency · Oct. 2024 · grade A
  • Construction stormwater general permit (MSR10) coverage: Coverage issued Oct. 24, 2024; construction modification issued May 14, 2025 (renamed JAN 100 Site); term to Jan. 31, 2027
    “MSR109367 | Amazon Data Services Inc, Gray Construction, MCEDA Megasite | GP-Construction | 10/24/2024 | JAN 100 Site 05/14/2025”
    State agency · Oct. 2024 · grade A
  • Air construction permit: draft proposed / public notice
    “Air Construction Permit No.: 1720-00098”
    State agency · May 2024 · grade A
  • SB 2001 signed: MMEIA incentive package, FILOT authority, and the Sec 22 framework making the Entergy agreement confidential and free of PSC approval
    “No approval by the commission of such agreement shall be required”
    State agency · Jan. 2024 · grade A
  • Site ridgeland address: 1626 County Line Road, Ridgeland, MS
    “The Amazon Data Services facility under construction at 1626 County Line Road holds Permit No. 1720-00099”
    State agency · Oct. 2026 · grade B
  • Air construction permit: issued (final issuance date not published in sources opened)
    “The Amazon Data Services facility under construction at 1626 County Line Road holds Permit No. 1720-00099 authorizing 391 diesel-fired emergency generators with a total capacity of 1060 MW”
    State agency · Oct. 2026 · grade B
  • PSD air permit: application received
    “Entergy Mississippi LLC, Traceview Advanced Power Station”
    State agency · Oct. 2026 · grade B
  • PSD air permit: draft permit public comment period
    “Entergy Mississippi, LLC proposes to construct a Greenfield on-the-grid natural gas-fired combined cycle power plant that will nominally generate 750 megawatts (MW) of electrical power.”
    State agency · Oct. 2026 · grade B
  • Traceview PSD process draws 30 written comments, 16 hearing requests and a hearing with 19 speakers against; commenters document the 722 permitted Amazon diesel gensets (1,960 MW) next door and their 498 tpy combined NOx
    “The potential NOX emissions from these generators (249 tpy at each site, or 498 tpy total) greatly exceed those of TAPS”
    State agency · Oct. 2026 · grade B
  • Air permit: MS DEQ Permit No. 1720-00098 (draft/proposed May 22, 2024)
    “Permit No.: 1720-00098 86219 PER20240001 Draft/Proposed - May 22, 2024”
    State agency · May 2024 · grade B
  • Land use authority: Madison County / MCEDA for the Canton Mega Site (unincorporated county industrial park); City of Ridgeland for the Ridgeland campus and the Traceview conditional use permit
    “the Ridgeland Zoning Board voted no on the conditional use permit, and three days later the Board of Aldermen approved it”
    News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
  • PSD air permit: board consideration scheduled - outcome not published as of Oct. 18, 2026
    “The Mississippi Environmental Quality Permit Board meets Tuesday at 9 a.m. at MDEQ's Jackson office, 515 E. Amite Street, and its October agenda lists Entergy Mississippi's Traceview Advanced Power Station”
    News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
  • Water pretreatment permit: application determined complete; draft permit preparation in progress
    “remains Application Determined Complete, Draft Permit Preparation in Progress”
    News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
  • Stormwater general permit coverage: coverage effective; earlier coverage modified
    “general permit construction coverage MSR109942 for Traceview effective Aug. 24, 2026 through Jan. 31, 2027”
    News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
  • Mississippi Environmental Quality Permit Board: Consideration of Traceview PSD permit 1720-00100
    “The Mississippi Environmental Quality Permit Board meets Tuesday at 9 a.m. at MDEQ's Jackson office”
    News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
  • Conditional use permit: voted against (adverse recommendation)
    “the Ridgeland Zoning Board voted no on the conditional use permit, and three days later the Board of Aldermen approved it”
    News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
  • Conditional use permit: granted
    “the Ridgeland Zoning Board voted no on the conditional use permit, and three days later the Board of Aldermen approved it”
    News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
  • Madison County Board of Supervisors: Amazon appeal of 2026 tax assessments on five Canton data center buildings
    “each of Amazon's five data center buildings at the mega site has a true value of nearly $292 million for the 2026 tax roll”
    News report · Aug. 2026 · grade C
  • PSD air permit: public hearing held
    “a transcript MDEQ posted in October, a companion to the 88-page July 14 hearing record”
    News report · July 2026 · grade C
  • MDEQ public hearing (Traceview PSD permit): Public hearing on draft PSD permit 1720-00100, Greater Pearlie Grove Missionary Baptist Church, Jackson
    “a transcript MDEQ posted in October, a companion to the 88-page July 14 hearing record”
    News report · July 2026 · grade C
  • Madison County Board of Supervisors: FILOT revenue projections presented by MCEDA attorney Chris Pace
    “an attorney from the Madison County Economic Development Authority estimated at a July Board of Supervisors meeting that the county could have the loan paid off by 2032”
    News report · July 2026 · grade C
  • City of Ridgeland Zoning Board: Conditional use permit for Traceview Advanced Power Station site (applicant of record: MCEDA)
    “the Ridgeland Zoning Board voted no on the conditional use permit, and three days later the Board of Aldermen approved it”
    News report · April 2025 · grade C
  • City of Ridgeland Board of Aldermen: Conditional use permit for Traceview Advanced Power Station site
    “the Ridgeland Zoning Board voted no on the conditional use permit, and three days later the Board of Aldermen approved it”
    News report · April 2025 · grade C
  • Mississippi Legislature (2024 Second Extraordinary Session): SB 2001 - Project Atlas incentive package and Section 22 electric service framework
    “All three bills passed nearly unanimously in each chamber, with one vote in opposition in both chambers”
    News report · Jan. 2024 · grade C
Site and other (24)
  • Site address canton: 1978 Highway 22, Canton, MS 39046 (Amazon Data Services Inc, Madison Mega Site; Nissan Parkway and Highway 22)
    “Amazon Data Services Inc, Madison Mega Site; 1978 Highway 22, Canton, MS 39046”
    State agency · Oct. 2026 · grade A
  • Site address ridgeland: 1626 County Line Road, Ridgeland, MS 39157 (Amazon Data Services Inc, JAN200)
    “Amazon Data Services Inc, JAN200; 1626 County Line Road, Ridgeland, MS 39157”
    State agency · Oct. 2026 · grade A
  • Site canton address: 1978 Highway 22, Canton, MS 39046
    “1978 Highway 22 Canton, MS 39046”
    State agency · Oct. 2026 · grade A
  • Developer: Amazon Data Services Inc
    “Amazon Data Services Inc, Madison Mega Site”
    State agency · May 2024 · grade A
  • Jobs announced: 1000 jobs
    “at least 1,000 high-paying, high-tech jobs”
    State agency · Jan. 2024 · grade B
  • Acreage canton: 927 acres
    “work began on the 927-acre Madison County Mega Site in Canton, and the second site, 786 acres in Ridgeland”
    News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
  • Stage: building on track
    “The first building is scheduled to come online this January”
    News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
  • First building online: Jan. 2026
    “The first building is scheduled to come online this January”
    News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
  • Idlebriar subdivision residents next to the Canton campus report construction dust, noise and traffic and say buyout requests to MCEDA went unanswered; MCEDA cites its NDA with Amazon; Amazon issues a responsible-communi
    “Amazon prioritizes being a responsible community partner, and that includes throughout the construction process”
    News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
  • Jobs expected current: 1700 jobs
    “According to Amazon, more than 2,300 construction workers are currently employed at the company's Mississippi sites, with more than 1,700 permanent jobs expected when facilities become operational.”
    News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
  • Construction workers ms: 2300 workers
    “According to Amazon, more than 2,300 construction workers are currently employed at the company's Mississippi sites, with more than 1,700 permanent jobs expected when facilities become operational.”
    News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
  • Amazon reports more than 2,300 construction workers across its Mississippi sites and about 1,700 permanent jobs expected when the facilities become operational
    “According to Amazon, more than 2,300 construction workers are currently employed at the company's Mississippi sites, with more than 1,700 permanent jobs expected when facilities become operational.”
    News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
  • Buildings canton: 5 buildings
    “each of Amazon's five data center buildings at the mega site”
    News report · Aug. 2026 · grade C
  • Water cooling canton: recycled water (reclaimed wastewater) for cooling
    “has pledged to use recycled water rather than potable water to cool the servers at its Canton data centers”
    News report · April 2026 · grade C
  • Water ridgeland: groundwater about 30 days per year (about 9% of the time)
    “its Ridgeland campus will only use groundwater for 30 days of the year, or only 9% of the time”
    News report · April 2026 · grade C
  • AWS states Canton cooling will use recycled water rather than potable water, the Ridgeland campus will use groundwater only about 30 days a year, and the Clinton facility will use no water cooling (Roger Wehner, AWS)
    “its Ridgeland campus will only use groundwater for 30 days of the year, or only 9% of the time”
    News report · April 2026 · grade C
  • First building in service: in service by March 4, 2026; exact first date not stated in any public document found
    “data center buildings at the Mega Site are already in operation, with additional pads poured for seven more buildings”
    News report · March 2026 · grade C
  • Acreage total: 1700 acres
    “constructed in two different parts of the county on land spanning more than 1,700 acres”
    News report · Feb. 2024 · grade C
  • Lawmaker documents circulated at passage show Amazon not expected to reach the headline 1,000 jobs until 2034, ten years after the announcement (per Sen. John Horhn)
    “Amazon isn't expected to hit that 1,000-job mark until 2034”
    News report · Feb. 2024 · grade C
  • Original target date: 2027
    “with the sites estimated to be completed by 2027”
    News report · Jan. 2024 · grade C
  • Site area acres: 927 acres
    “One site: the remaining 927 acres at the Madison County Mega Site in the center of Madison County, located off Highway 22 and Nissan Parkway in Canton.”
    News report · Jan. 2024 · grade C
  • Site canton: Madison County Mega Site, Canton
    “The first site will be in the Madison County Mega Site located off Highway 22 and Nissan Parkway”
    News report · Jan. 2024 · grade C
  • Site ridgeland: Costas property, Ridgeland
    “The second location is known as the Costas property, which is 786 acres located along the southern boundary of Madison County near Tougaloo College”
    News report · Jan. 2024 · grade C
  • Acreage ridgeland: 786 acres
    “The second location is known as the Costas property, which is 786 acres”
    News report · Jan. 2024 · grade C

Imagery and records: Satellite imagery: Maxar via Esri World Imagery Wayback. County deeds: ATTOM.