The site
The site from above
Construction from orbit
What radar sees on the ground
From orbit, radar shows no structures rising on the site through Oct. 2026. The optical (Sentinel-2) series for this campus is not in yet, so there is no roof or clearing reading. That fits our stage: permits issued.
Construction from orbit: very bright radar echoes, as a share of the site
How this works: Sentinel-1 radar sees through cloud every 6–12 days. Over the campus outline (about 2,300 acres) we count the share of very bright radar echoes: walls and steel bounce the signal straight back, so that share rises as buildings go up. Wet ground can lift it for a few weeks, so we read the trend, not single readings. Black ticks mark our stage dates. Data: Copernicus Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2, via the Copernicus Data Space Ecosystem.
Power
Power and the grid
2,690 MW contracted (totals add sources with a stated size; they can overlap)
Black Hills Energy grid supplyContracted
maximum grid-connected service under the signed contract, which runs through 2048 SEC filing · Oct. 2026
Third-party resources in a private microgridContracted, not built
managed by Black Hills; includes Tallgrass gas and AEP fuel cells; not all built or permitted SEC filing · Oct. 2026
Tallgrass Cheyenne Power Hub (gas)Draft permit, proposed approval
draft air permit: 2 combined-cycle units of up to 664 MW each plus 40 smaller turbines; the permit is not final State agency · June 2026
AEP Bloom fuel cellsAnnounced (press)
20-year deal to supply Google, about $4B (press); full operation by end of 2028 News report · Oct. 2026
Black Hills Cheyenne Prairie expansionPermit hearing set
$1.8B company gas build; its state siting permit is contested, and a separate air modification added only 120 MW State agency · Oct. 2026
ContractedProposed
Getting on the grid
Who supplies what, what it costs, and what is still not public.
- May 2026Substation approvedWyoming regulators approve the Robinson substation, per Black Hills. Company · Oct. 2026
- Sept. 11, 2026Transmission application noticedBlack Hills seeks approval for a new 230 kV substation and lines south of Cheyenne. see Permits
- Sept. 2026Power contracts signedBlack Hills and Google sign a service agreement and a generation agreement running through 2048. Company · Oct. 2026
- Oct. 6, 2026Disclosed to investorsBlack Hills reports the deals, including $399M in refundable advances from Google for long-lead equipment. Company · Oct. 2026
- Not setMore transmission filings dueBlack Hills expects to file another transmission approval request in the fourth quarter of 2026. Company · Oct. 2026
- Wyoming has no regional grid operator, so there is no interconnection queue to track. Utility regulator · Oct. 2026
- The contracts include protections against shifting costs, stranded assets and early termination, and Black Hills expects to repay Google's advances by June 30, 2027. SEC filing · Oct. 2026
- No plant for this campus appears in EIA's federal generator inventory (EIA-860M, Aug. 2026). That inventory covers grid-connected plants only, so an off-grid plant may not be listed yet. State agency · Oct. 2026
On-site generation on file
- Generating units on the permit: Phase 1: two Mitsubishi Power M501JAC gas turbines, approximately 1,150 MW of site-ready power, natural gas supplied through the Rockies Express Pipeline Company · May 2026
- Generator maker and model: Mitsubishi Power M501JAC Company · May 2026
- Generating units on the permit: Full plant per GEM unit table: 2 combined-cycle units (Unit 1 and Unit 2), 1,350 MW each (2,700 MW total), natural gas, pre-construction, planned start 2027 Dataset · Oct. 2026
Permits
Permits checklist
3 pending · 4 granted
Approvals a campus like this normally needs (including an air permit for backup or on-site generators), and what we found.
- ◷Air permit for the Cheyenne Power Hub PendingWyoming DEQ · as of Oct. 2026: draft out since June 2026; state published a proposed approval, not yet final State agency · Oct. 2026
- ◷Siting permit for Black Hills' 564 MW expansion PendingWyoming Industrial Siting Council · Nov. 9, 2026: contested hearing set for this day State agency · Oct. 2026
- ◷New 230 kV transmission PendingWyoming Public Service Commission · Sept. 11, 2026: application noticed Utility regulator · Sept. 2026
- ✓Industrial park rezoning (about 1,400 acres) GrantedLaramie County · Oct. 2025: campus and power hub zone changes followed News report · Jan. 2026
- ✓Site plan and conditional use for campus and power hub GrantedLaramie County Board of Commissioners · Jan. 5, 2026: unanimous; a rancher objected at the hearing News report · Jan. 2026
- ✓Office support building conditional use GrantedLaramie County Planning Commission · Sept. 10, 2026: no conditions; covers the office complex only, after a postponement in August Local government · Sept. 2026
- ✓Gas lateral to the power hub GrantedFERC / Tallgrass · March 2, 2026: construction began; pipe strung by July 2026 (press) State agency · Oct. 2026
Risks
What could slow it down
- HighPower is mostly unbuiltThe gas plant's air permit is not final and the fuel cells are only announced, yet they supply most of the 2.7 GW. see Permits
- MediumContested utility expansionBlack Hills' 564 MW expansion faces a contested siting hearing on Nov. 9, 2026, and a separate air permit change covered only 120 MW. State agency · Aug. 2026
- MediumLocal concernResidents raised power scale, water and ratepayer costs at an Oct. 2026 forum, and a rancher objected at the January hearing; no lawsuit was found. News report · Oct. 2026
- MediumScale creepA forum speaker named Wulf (per press) said the project, designed for 2.7 GW, could eventually scale up to 10 GW. News report · Oct. 2026
- WatchDeveloper changeCrusoe left in June 2026, and the plan was redesigned from five buildings to four. Local government · July 2026
Money
Money on record
$399M
refundable advances from Google
for long-lead equipment; Black Hills expects to repay by June 30, 2027 Company · Oct. 2026
Timeline
What happened, and what is due
SitePaper trailConstructionPowerPermitsMoneyLegalUpcoming
- July 28, 2025Site Crusoe and Tallgrass announce Project Jade: 1.8 GW, scalable to 10 GW, with a Tallgrass gas hub (press) News report · July 2025
- Sept. 24, 2025Paper trail Cheyenne Power Hub LLC registered in Delaware and Wyoming
- Oct. 2025Permits Laramie County approves the Switchgrass Industrial Park News report · Jan. 2026
- Dec. 19, 2025Paper trail Jupiter Star Holdings LLC registered in Delaware and Wyoming
- Jan. 5, 2026Permits County commissioners unanimously approve the campus and the power hub News report · Jan. 2026
- March 2, 2026Construction Construction begins on the 7.2-mile gas lateral (press) News report · July 2026
- May 15, 2026Power Tallgrass and Mitsubishi allocate the first two turbines to the power hub Company · May 2026
- June 9, 2026Site Crusoe says it paused work at the request of its customer; Black Hills says the project is not paused News report · June 2026
- June 2026Paper trail Google's county filing names it developer and owner and renames the project Tembo News report · July 2026
- Sept. 10, 2026Permits Planning commission approves the office support building with no conditions Local government · Sept. 2026
- Sept. 2026Power Black Hills and Google sign power agreements running through 2048 SEC filing · Oct. 2026
- Oct. 14, 2026Power AEP announces a 702 MW fuel cell project to supply Google (press) News report · Oct. 2026
- Oct. 2026Permits Wyoming DEQ publishes a proposed approval of the power hub air permit State agency · Oct. 2026
- Nov. 9, 2026Legal Contested hearing on Black Hills' Cheyenne Prairie expansion permit State agency · Oct. 2026
Construction activity
Building activity by quarter
Since March 2022: 8 FAA filings (Nov. 2025 to April 2026): tallest permanent building 30 ft (filed Nov. 2025) and tallest crane 300 ft (Jan. 2026); 70 satellite captures.
FAA filings
Satellite
’22
’23
’24
’25
’26
Dot size: records in the quarter, largest = 6. Two-digit years mark each first quarter.
The buildings
Specs
3.08 million sq ft
buildings: four data halls plus office and support buildings
2,500 + 250
peak construction jobs (halved from 5,000) and permanent jobs
Who is involved
Owners, partners and builders
Owners and developers
- Google, through Jupiter Star Holdings LLC: owner and tenant
- Crusoe Energy Systems: original developer, withdrew June 2026
- Related Digital: construction manager (press)
Power
- Black Hills Energy: serving utility and microgrid manager
- Tallgrass (Blackstone-backed): Cheyenne Power Hub and gas lateral
- AEP and Basalt: fuel cell owners; Bloom Energy supplies the cells
- Mitsubishi Power Americas: turbines
Decision-makers
- Laramie County commissioners and planning commission
- Wyoming DEQ: air permit
- Wyoming Industrial Siting Council and Public Service Commission
Builders on site
- Bechtel: contractor of record on CPH Substation yard
Still unknown
Open questions
- Final air permit for the power hub.
- How much of the 2.7 GW is IT capacity.
- Whether the fuel cells and expansion are built on time.
- Conditions on the campus site plan.
Where this comes from
306 records from 40 documents
Drawn from state agency records, news reports, company statements, business registries, local government records, satellite captures, public and commercial datasets, utility regulator dockets and securities filings, each kept with its date and source. The bar shows documents by type.
State agency 14News report 10Company 5Local government 4Satellite 3Dataset 3Utility regulator 2SEC filing 1
Evidence
Every quote behind this page
Grade key: A = the primary record itself (permit, filing, exhibit) · B = a dated official statement · C = news reporting. Map distances are our own measurements on OpenStreetMap and carry no grade. Allegations in lawsuits are marked as such in the quotes.
Power (51)
- Wydeq facility ID: F032395 (Cheyenne Power Hub, LLC); permit P0040709; application A0018916 id“Cheyenne Power Hub, LLC (F032395, P0040709)”State agency · Oct. 2026 · grade A
- Utility service: 590“Black Hills will provide up to 590 MW of grid-connected energy service through company-owned generation and market energy”SEC filing · Oct. 2026 · grade A
- Stated campus size: 2700“is anticipated to be served by a total resource mix of 2.7 GW, including reserve margins”SEC filing · Oct. 2026 · grade A
- On-site generation: 2100“managing 2.1 gigawatts (GW) of third-party contracted resources through a private microgrid”SEC filing · Oct. 2026 · grade A
- Power agreements status: Definitive agreements signed (Large Power Contract Services Agreement + Generation Facilities Agreement)“today announced it has signed definitive agreements effective Sept. 30, 2026, with terms through 2048”SEC filing · Oct. 2026 · grade A
- Target date first power: Energy service begins late 2027; ramp to peak load 2030“is planned to begin taking energy service in late 2027 and ramp to the project's peak load in 2030”SEC filing · Oct. 2026 · grade A
- Utility capital cost new generation: 1.8“Investing $1.8 billion in new company-owned natural gas generation”SEC filing · Oct. 2026 · grade A
- Interconnection status: ESA signed: definitive agreements effective Sep 30, 2026 (Large Power Contract Services Agreement + Generation Facilities Agreement, terms through 2048) under Black Hills' Large Power Contract Ser“today announced it has signed definitive agreements effective Sept. 30, 2026, with terms through 2048”SEC filing · Oct. 2026 · grade A
- large load interconnection request: agreements signed“today announced it has signed definitive agreements effective Sept. 30, 2026, with terms through 2048”SEC filing · Oct. 2026 · grade A
- Black Hills Corp 8-K (Oct 6, 2026): definitive agreements effective Sep 30, 2026 through 2048 to serve Google's planned Cheyenne data center; up to 590 MW grid service plus 2.1 GW third-party resources in a private micro“signed definitive agreements effective Sept. 30, 2026, with terms through 2048, to serve a planned Google data center to be constructed in Cheyenne, Wyoming”SEC filing · Oct. 2026 · grade A
- Substation kV: 230 kV“Application of Cheyenne Light, Fuel and Power d/b/a Black Hills Energy for a CPCN to construct a new 230 kV substation, a new 115 kV transmission line, new 230 kV transmission lines”Utility regulator · Sept. 2026 · grade A
- CPCN (transmission): application noticed“20003-278-EN-26 (Record No. 18235) - Application of Cheyenne Light, Fuel and Power d/b/a Black Hills Energy for a CPCN to construct and operate a new 230 kV substation, a new 115 kV transmission line, new 230 kV transmission lines”Utility regulator · Sept. 2026 · grade A
- Aliases: Project Jade; Cheyenne Power Hub (adjacent Tallgrass generation); BFC Power“Tallgrass Energy received commensurate Zone Change and Site Plan approvals for the natural gas Power Hub”Local government · July 2026 · grade A
- Construction stage: clearing / site work: Power Hub construction phases well underway (county, Jul 2026); no data hall vertical yet“Tallgrass Energy received commensurate Zone Change and Site Plan approvals for the natural gas Power Hub, for which construction phases are well underway.”Local government · July 2026 · grade A
- Power supply plan: Tallgrass to combine Black Hills Energy supply, fuel cells and its power plant at a substation; private distribution into campus near SW corner“Tallgrass Energy will combine energy resources from Black Hills Energy, fuel cells, and its power plant to a substation from which power will be extended into the Applicants data center campus”Local government · June 2026 · grade A
- Phasing: 4 construction phases; Phase 1 includes mass grading for all phases + detention ponds and trunk stormwater for each building“Development shall include mass grading for all subsequent phases. Detention ponds and trunkline stormwater infrastructure for each building will be built in Phase 1”Local government · June 2026 · grade A
- On-site generation: 2,758 MW“facility F032395, application A0018916”State agency · June 2026 · grade A
- Generating units on the permit: 42 turbines“3 permanent SCCT up to 51.1 MW, 13 permanent LM2500 or similar up to 34.5 MW, 24 TEMPORARY LM2500/TM2500 up to 34.5 MW”State agency · June 2026 · grade A
- Rate class: Large Power Contract Service (LPCS) tariff; LPCS tariff originally approved by WY PSC Jul 28 2016, Docket 20003-146-ET-15“Cheyenne Light Fuel and Power Company's application to establish a large power contract service tariff is approved as modified herein”Utility regulator · July 2016 · grade A
- Generating units on the permit: Full plant per GEM unit table: 2 combined-cycle units (Unit 1 and Unit 2), 1,350 MW each (2,700 MW total), natural gas, pre-construction, planned start 2027“BFC Power and Cheyenne Power Hub is a power station in pre-construction in Cheyenne, Laramie, Wyoming, United States.”Dataset · Oct. 2026 · grade B
- Grid operator: none (WECC; Wyoming has no ISO/RTO)“no ISO queue applies; service via CLFP (PSC docket prefix 20003) under state CPCN process”Utility regulator · Oct. 2026 · grade B
- Stage: building on track (power hub under construction; campus pre-vertical“definitive agreements effective Sept. 30, 2026, with terms through 2048 … Google bears all costs associated with serving the planned data center”Company · Oct. 2026 · grade B
- Utility service: 590 MW“Black Hills will provide up to 590 MW of grid-connected energy service through company-owned generation and market energy.”Company · Oct. 2026 · grade B
- On-site generation: 2,100 MW“manage the output of approximately 2.1 GW of Wyoming-based, third-party contracted resources through a privately managed microgrid”Company · Oct. 2026 · grade B
- Utility: Black Hills Energy (Cheyenne Light, Fuel and Power Co.)“to serve a planned Google data center to be constructed in Cheyenne, Wyoming”Company · Oct. 2026 · grade B
- Electric service agreement signed: Sept. 30, 2026“has signed definitive agreements effective Sept. 30, 2026, with terms through 2048”Company · Oct. 2026 · grade B
- Collateral: USD 399M refundable advances from Google for long-lead equipment under generation reservation agreement; reimbursement expected by June 30, 2027; GFA includes strong collateral and financial assurance requiremen“Google has provided Black Hills with $399 million of refundable advances for the procurement of long lead-time equipment”Company · Oct. 2026 · grade B
- Power plan: hybrid (dedicated Tallgrass gas hub + Black Hills 590 MW grid supply + AEP fuel cells, in a Black Hills-managed private microgrid)“Providing up to 590 megawatts (MW) of grid-connected energy service and managing 2.1 gigawatts (GW) of third-party contracted resources through a private microgrid”Company · Oct. 2026 · grade B
- Interconnection status: No ISO queue (WECC). Robinson substation CPCN approved May 2026; South Cheyenne Transmission Expansion CPCN filed Sep 2026 (PSC Docket 20003-278-EN-26); LCTCAM filed Jun 2026; further WY transmiss“Robinson substation Certificate of Public Convenience and Necessity (CPCN) approved in May 2026; South Cheyenne Transmission Expansion CPCN filed in September 2026”Company · Oct. 2026 · grade B
- First power: 2027 (late)“is planned to begin taking energy service in late 2027 and ramp to the project's peak load in 2030”Company · Oct. 2026 · grade B
- large load interconnection request: Certificate of Public Convenience and Necessity approved“Robinson substation Certificate of Public Convenience and Necessity (CPCN) approved in May 2026”Company · Oct. 2026 · grade B
- Large Customer Transmission Cost Adjustment Mechanism (LCTCAM): filed“Large Customer Transmission Cost Adjustment Mechanism (LCTCAM) filed in June 2026”Company · Oct. 2026 · grade B
- CPCN (transmission): filing expected Q4 2026“Wyoming transmission expansion CPCN to be filed in the fourth quarter of 2026”Company · Oct. 2026 · grade B
- large load interconnection request: Application filed - notice given September 11, 2026“notice is hereby given of the Application of Cheyenne Light, Fuel and Power d/b/a Black Hills Energy (CLFP or the Company) for a Certificate of Public Convenience and Necessity (CPCN) to construct and operate a new 230 kV substation”Utility regulator · Sept. 2026 · grade B
- Generating units on the permit: Phase 1: two Mitsubishi Power M501JAC gas turbines, approximately 1,150 MW of site-ready power, natural gas supplied through the Rockies Express Pipeline“The high-efficiency turbines are expected to provide approximately 1,150 megawatts (MW) of site-ready power fueled by natural gas supplied through Tallgrass' Rockies Express Pipeline”Company · May 2026 · grade B
- Generator maker and model: Mitsubishi Power M501JAC“announced the delivery location for the first two M501JAC gas turbines that will support Phase 1 of Tallgrass' Cheyenne Power Hub in southeast Wyoming”Company · May 2026 · grade B
- Turbine status: Allocation announced: first two M501JAC allocated to Phase 1 of Cheyenne Power Hub (~1,150 MW site-ready); no purchase-order document retrieved“announced the delivery location for the first two M501JAC gas turbines that will support Phase 1 of Tallgrass' Cheyenne Power Hub”Company · May 2026 · grade B
- Tallgrass and Mitsubishi Power Americas announce delivery location for first two M501JAC turbines for Power Hub Phase 1 (~1,150 MW site-ready)“announced the delivery location for the first two M501JAC gas turbines that will support Phase 1 of Tallgrass' Cheyenne Power Hub”Company · May 2026 · grade B
- Opposition: Community concerns over power scale, water and ratepayer costs aired at Oct 2026 Cheyenne data-center forum; rancher objections at Jan 5 2026 approval hearing; no Tembo-specific lawsuit or moratorium found in“Project Tembo … is designed to use 2.7 gigawatts, Wulf said, but will eventually scale up to 10 gigawatts and use several Wyomings worth of power.”News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
- Community forum airs concerns: 2.7 GW scaling to 10 GW, water use, ratepayer exposure, wildlife habitat; no organized Tembo-specific opposition group, lawsuit or moratorium identified“there's a lot of concern here that the cost of these upgrades will fall on the shoulders of average ratepayers like you.”News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
- On-site power technology: natural gas combined cycle + aeroderivative simple cycle (Tallgrass Power Hub); Bloom solid-oxide fuel cells (separate AEP Cheyenne Fuel Cell project)“The facility will use fuel cell technology developed by Bloom Energy (BE.N) to provide on-demand electricity for Google”News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
- AEP announces ~USD 4B, 702 MW Bloom Energy fuel cell project (Cheyenne Fuel Cell LLC, ~92% AEP) under 20-year PPA to supply Google in Cheyenne area; operations by end of 2028“Construction is expected to begin in 2026, with full operations expected by the end of 2028.”News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
- Gas supplier: Tallgrass Rockies Express Pipeline (REX) via Switchgrass Interconnect lateral: 7.2 mi, 36-inch, 419000 Dth/day, USD 57.3M (per FERC filing as analysed)“Tallgrass is building the Switchgrass Interconnect: 7.2 miles of 36-inch lateral rated at 419,000 dekatherms a day, a $57.3 million project. Source: FERC.”News report · July 2026 · grade C
- Substation: CPH Substation (Tallgrass switchyard, at Power Hub); Robinson Substation (Black Hills, ~0.5 mi north)“Two half-mile 230 kV lines — these owned by Black Hills — connect the yard to Robinson Substation”News report · July 2026 · grade C
- Gas lateral (FERC): construction began“Construction of the Switchgrass Interconnect began March 2, 2026; as of July 2026, pipe was being strung and bored”News report · July 2026 · grade C
- Switchgrass Interconnect gas lateral construction began (Tallgrass REX lateral to Power Hub; per FERC filing as analysed)“Construction of the Switchgrass Interconnect began March 2, 2026”News report · July 2026 · grade C
- Black Hills states the project has not been paused; Crusoe is no longer development partner; project tracking for service in early 2028“Black Hills Corp. said the project has not been paused at all — While Crusoe is no longer the development partner for this project, the project continues to progress as planned”News report · June 2026 · grade C
- Acres power hub: 659 acres“The BFC Power and Cheyenne Power Hub site will be developed on 659 acres”News report · Jan. 2026 · grade C
- Site plan approval date: Jan. 5, 2026“Officials in Laramie County … in a unanimous vote on January 5 approved Project Jade … Commissioners also greenlighted the BFC Power and Cheyenne Power Hub”News report · Jan. 2026 · grade C
- IT capacity: 1,800 MW“Project Jade was previously being developed by Crusoe. At the time, it was said to be a 1.8GW campus that could scale to 10GW”News report · July 2025 · grade C
- Project Jade announced by Crusoe and Tallgrass: 1.8 GW campus, scalable to 10 GW, with Tallgrass BYOP gas hub“The scheme, announced last year, will see Crusoe construct the data center campus, known as Project Jade”News report · July 2025 · grade C
Money and contracts (23)
- Google refundable advances: 399“Google has provided Black Hills with $399 million of refundable advances for the procurement of long lead-time equipment”SEC filing · Oct. 2026 · grade A
- Square feet: 3080000 sq ft“reducing its size from 4,025,500 sq. ft. to 3,080,000 sq. ft. of building space”Local government · July 2026 · grade A
- Financing: Black Hills USD 1.8B capex 2027-2029 for 564 MW CPGS expansion (non-regulated affiliate; ~USD 150M net income expected 2030; ~USD 2.4B unlevered FCF through 2048); Tallgrass >USD 7B Power Hub investment; AEP ~“Black Hills plans to invest $1.8 billion between 2027 and 2029 to construct 564 MW (nameplate capacity) of company-owned generation.”Company · Oct. 2026 · grade B
- Large Power Contract Services Agreement (LPCSA): term“The negotiated agreements include a Large Power Contract Services Agreement (LPCSA) and a Generation Facilities Agreement (GFA).”Company · Oct. 2026 · grade B
- LPCSA / microgrid management: microgrid management fee (MGMF)“The MGMF is a negotiated rate based upon a contracted minimum peak load expected to begin in 2027 and increase throughout the project's ramp period.”Company · Oct. 2026 · grade B
- Generation Facilities Agreement (GFA): cost allocation (no cost shifting)“these agreements … are structured so that Google bears all costs associated with serving the planned data center throughout the life of the project”Company · Oct. 2026 · grade B
- Generation Facilities Agreement (GFA): stranded-asset protection“Stranded asset risk protection – the GFA provides for full recovery of all generation capital investment over the contract term”Company · Oct. 2026 · grade B
- Generation Facilities Agreement (GFA): early-termination protection“Early termination protection – contract provisions safeguard customers and shareholders should the project terminate prior to the end of the agreements' term”Company · Oct. 2026 · grade B
- Generation Facilities Agreement (GFA): credit protection / collateral“Credit protections – strong collateral and financial assurance requirements back the data center's long-term commitments.”Company · Oct. 2026 · grade B
- Generation reservation agreement: refundable advances for long-lead equipment 399000000 USD“Google has provided Black Hills with $399 million of refundable advances for the procurement of long lead-time equipment under the parties' generation reservation agreement.”Company · Oct. 2026 · grade B
- Black Hills executes LPCSA + GFA with Google (effective Sep 30 2026, through 2048); USD 399M refundable Google advances disclosed; USD 1.8B / 564 MW CPGS expansion“announced it has signed definitive agreements effective Sept. 30, 2026, with terms through 2048, to serve a planned Google data center”Company · Oct. 2026 · grade B
- Turbine allocation: turbine allocation (Phase 1) 1,150 MW site-ready (2x M501JAC)“announced the delivery location for the first two M501JAC gas turbines that will support Phase 1 of Tallgrass' Cheyenne Power Hub”Company · May 2026 · grade B
- Energy infrastructure investment: investment commitment 7000000000 USD (exceeds)“Representing an investment that will exceed $7 billion … the Cheyenne Power Hub will deliver dedicated, on-site power to a large-scale data center”Company · May 2026 · grade B
- Power purchase agreement: PPA term and capacity 702 MW“to supply Alphabet's Google (GOOGL.O) under a 20-year power purchase agreement … Construction is expected to begin in 2026, with full operations expected by the end of 2028.”News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
- Power purchase agreement: investment 4000000000 USD (approx.)“American Electric Power (AEP.O) said … it plans to invest about $4 billion in a 702-megawatt fuel cell project near Cheyenne, Wyoming”News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
- Incentives: Wyoming statutory data-center sales/use tax exemption (W.S. 39-15-105) requires Wyoming Business Council certification (Tier 1/Tier 2 at USD 5M / USD 50M investment); electricity and property tax NOT exempt p“a data center applies to the Council, receives a certification letter and files with the Department of Revenue to claim the exemption (Josh Dorel, CEO, Wyoming Business Council)”News report · Sept. 2026 · grade C
- Local incentives: none sought“Google said it did not pursue local incentives. (per Cowboy State Daily reporting)”News report · Sept. 2026 · grade C
- State tax exemption (statutory): sales/use tax exemption on data-center equipment (certification required)“he emphasized that electricity and property taxes are not exempt under the current incentive (Josh Dorel, CEO, Wyoming Business Council)”News report · Sept. 2026 · grade C
- Google states USD 17B Project Tembo investment at Cheyenne community meeting (supersedes Jan 2026 up-to-USD 50B total-project claim)“Google said Project Tembo represents a $17 billion investment.”News report · Sept. 2026 · grade C
- Stated capital cost: earlier claim: total project cost could reach USD 50B (Tallgrass, Jan 2026)“At a community meeting in Cheyenne on 9 September 2026 Google said Project Tembo represents a $17 billion investment.”News report · Sept. 2026 · grade C
- Tenants: Google“the campus is now being developed by Google's subsidiary Jupiter Star Holdings, LLC, replacing Crusoe”News report · June 2026 · grade C
- Tenant status: owner-occupied (Google is developer and owner via Jupiter Star Holdings LLC)“Google, through its wholly owned subsidiary Jupiter Star Holdings LLC … will be the developer and owner of the project”News report · June 2026 · grade C
- Crusoe announces it has paused development activities on the Cheyenne campus at the request of our customer (same day as its ~5 GW contracted-capacity release; Wyoming project excluded from that total)“on the same day added: At the request of our customer, Crusoe has paused its development activities”News report · June 2026 · grade C
Permits and government (40)
- FERC filing (blanket-certificate prior notice request, NGA 18 CFR 157.205/157.20: accepted“approximately 7.2 miles of new 36-inch-diameter natural gas pipeline (Switchgrass Lateral), extending from Section 5, Township 11N, Range 66W in Weld County, Colorado, to Section 7, Township 12N, Range 66W, Laramie County, Wyoming”State agency · Oct. 2026 · grade A
- FERC filing (request for waiver): Cheyenne Power Hub, LLC: filed“Cheyenne Power Hub, LLC submits Request for Waiver, et al. under ER26-3119, et al.”State agency · Oct. 2026 · grade A
- FERC filing (market-based rate application): Cheyenne Power Hub, LLC initial rat: filed“Description: Initial Rate Filing: Application for Market-Based Rate Authorization to be effective 10/25/2026. Filed Date: 8/25/26. Accession Number: 20260825-5072.”State agency · Oct. 2026 · grade A
- Site plan (Simple Site Plan after CUP): administrative; conditions of approval not published“It was determined that a Class B Conditional Use Permit would be required, and upon approval, a Simple Site Plan.”Local government · Oct. 2026 · grade A
- Industrial siting permit: filed; contested case hearing scheduled“The contested case hearing on the application for a permit for the Cheyenne Prairie Generating Station Expansion Project will begin at 9:00 AM on November 9, 2026”State agency · Oct. 2026 · grade A
- Wyoming Industrial Siting Council: Contested case hearing: DEQ/ISC 25-05 Cheyenne Prairie Generating Station Expansion permit“Persons desiring to make a limited appearance statement, may submit a written statement … as provided by W. S. 35-12-111(c).”State agency · Oct. 2026 · grade A
- Conditions of approval: none - Planning Commission approved HUB-1 CUP PZ-26-00057 on Sept. 10, 2026 on staff's no-conditions recommendation; site plan PZ-26-00058 conditions not public“I move to approve the Class B Conditional Use Permit for the Project Tembo HUB-1 Office Support Facility and adopt the findings of facts a and b of the staff report with no conditions.”Local government · Sept. 2026 · grade A
- Conditional Use Permit Class B (HUB-1 office support facility): approved, no conditions“the Planning Commission may approve the Class B Conditional Use Permit for the Project Tembo HUB-1 Office Support Facility with no conditions.”Local government · Sept. 2026 · grade A
- Laramie County Planning Commission: 26-466 Class B CUP, Project Tembo HUB-1 Office Support Facility (PZ-26-00057), Tracts 1 & 2 Cold Creek Buffalo Co. Subdivision“A motion was made by Member Leavitt, seconded by Member Stadel, that this agenda item be approved.”Local government · Sept. 2026 · grade A
- Conditional Use Permit Class B (HUB-1 office support facility): hearing postponed (vote 3-0)“moved, seconded by Commissioner Leavitt, to postpone the public hearing for the Class B Conditional Use Permit for Project Tembo's HUB-1 Office Support Facility until a later date.Vote 3-0.”Local government · Aug. 2026 · grade A
- Laramie County Planning Commission: 26-422 postponement of Class B CUP hearing, Project Tembo HUB-1 (PZ-26-00057)“to postpone the public hearing ... until a later date.Vote 3-0.”Local government · Aug. 2026 · grade A
- Site plan revision + Conditional Use Permit Class B: submitted; site plan revision to be processed administratively; CUP hearing set“a Conditional Use Permit (CUP) Class B (PZ-26-00057) and an associated Commercial Site Plan (… numbered PZ-26-00058) has been submitted”Local government · July 2026 · grade A
- Laramie County Planning Commission: Public hearing: CUP Class B PZ-26-00057 (office complex portion of Project Tembo only)“A Public Hearing will be held before the Planning Commission on August 13, 2026, but will be specific to the Office Complex portion of the project.”Local government · July 2026 · grade A
- Air quality permit (construction): draft issued; public hearing held“a public hearing relative to the requested issuance of an air quality permit for the proposed construction will be held … Friday, June 19, 2026”State agency · June 2026 · grade A
- Wyoming DEQ (Environmental Quality Council rules): Public hearing on draft air permit P0040709 (Cheyenne Power Hub)“a public hearing relative to the requested issuance of an air quality permit for the proposed construction will be held in person at 9:00 am, Friday, June 19, 2026”State agency · June 2026 · grade A
- CPCN (substation): approved“Robinson substation Certificate of Public Convenience and Necessity (CPCN) approved in May 2026”Company · Oct. 2026 · grade B
- FAA case cranes: Switchgrass ILS crane locations 1-4: 2026-ANM-2905-OE, 2026-ANM-2906-OE, 2026-ANM-2907-OE, 2026-ANM-2908-OE, mobile cranes 300 ft, at 41.0227-41.0301, -104.8198 to -104.8292; Determined - No Hazard case“Location 3 for Switchgrass ILS Site”FAA · April 2026 · grade B
- Campus location FAA cluster: approx 41.03, -104.82 - cluster of eight FAA cases filed under the campus's own names (Tembo, Project Jade, Cheyenne Power Hub / BFC Power, Switchgrass ILS)“Cheyenne Data Center - Tembo”FAA · April 2026 · grade B
- FAA obstruction evaluation (7460-1): Determined - No Hazard“ASN 2026-ANM-2905-OE: Crane Location 1 for Switchgrass ILS, Mobile Crane, 300 ft AGL, 6592 ft AMSL, 41.03014,-104.82918, Determined - No Hazard, submitted 2026-04-28”FAA · April 2026 · grade B
- FAA obstruction evaluation (7460-1): Determined - No Hazard“ASN 2026-ANM-2906-OE: Location 2 for Switchgrass ILS Site, Mobile Crane, 300 ft AGL, 6581 ft AMSL, 41.03014,-104.81985, Determined - No Hazard, submitted 2026-04-28”FAA · April 2026 · grade B
- FAA obstruction evaluation (7460-1): Determined - No Hazard“ASN 2026-ANM-2907-OE: Location 3 for Switchgrass ILS Site, Mobile Crane, 300 ft AGL, 6618 ft AMSL, 41.02270,-104.81985, Determined - No Hazard, submitted 2026-04-28”FAA · April 2026 · grade B
- FAA obstruction evaluation (7460-1): Determined - No Hazard“ASN 2026-ANM-2908-OE: Location 4 for Switchgrass ILS Site, Mobile Crane, 300 ft AGL, 6633 ft AMSL, 41.02270,-104.82918, Determined - No Hazard, submitted 2026-04-28”FAA · April 2026 · grade B
- FAA case cranes: 2026-ANM-416-OE 'PROJECT JADE CRAWLER CRANES', mobile crane 200 ft, at 41.04430, -104.81041; Determined - No Hazard“PROJECT JADE CRAWLER CRANES”FAA · Jan. 2026 · grade B
- FAA obstruction evaluation (7460-1): Determined - No Hazard“ASN 2026-ANM-416-OE: PROJECT JADE CRAWLER CRANES, Mobile Crane, 200 ft AGL, 6375 ft AMSL, 41.04430,-104.81041, Determined - No Hazard, submitted 2026-01-29”FAA · Jan. 2026 · grade B
- FAA case crane: 2025-ANM-7872-OE 'BFC Power Project and Cheyenne Power Hub', crane 300 ft, at 41.02300, -104.81939; Determined - No Hazard case“BFC Power Project and Cheyenne Power Hub”FAA · Jan. 2026 · grade B
- FAA obstruction evaluation (7460-1): Determined - No Hazard“ASN 2025-ANM-7872-OE: BFC Power Project and Cheyenne Power Hub, Crane, 300 ft AGL, 6552 ft AMSL, 41.02300,-104.81939, Determined - No Hazard, submitted 2026-01-13”FAA · Jan. 2026 · grade B
- FAA case cranes: 2025-ANM-6951-OE 'Cheyenne Data Center - Tembo Cranes', mobile crane 130 ft, at 41.04019, -104.82080; Determined - No Hazard case“Cheyenne Data Center - Tembo Cranes”FAA · Jan. 2026 · grade B
- FAA obstruction evaluation (7460-1): Determined - No Hazard“ASN 2025-ANM-6951-OE: Cheyenne Data Center - Tembo Cranes, Mobile Crane, 130 ft AGL, 6408 ft AMSL, 41.04019,-104.82080, Determined - No Hazard, submitted 2026-01-06”FAA · Jan. 2026 · grade B
- FAA case building: 2025-ANM-6949-OE 'Cheyenne Data Center - Tembo', building 30 ft, at 41.04248, -104.82284; Determined - No Hazard case“Cheyenne Data Center - Tembo”FAA · Nov. 2025 · grade B
- Tallest structure filed with the FAA (ft): 30 ft“ASN 2025-ANM-6949-OE: Cheyenne Data Center - Tembo, Building, 30 ft AGL, 6324 ft AMSL, 41.04248,-104.82284, Determined - No Hazard, submitted 2025-11-17”FAA · Nov. 2025 · grade B
- FAA obstruction evaluation (7460-1): Determined - No Hazard“ASN 2025-ANM-6949-OE: Cheyenne Data Center - Tembo, Building, 30 ft AGL, 6324 ft AMSL, 41.04248,-104.82284, Determined - No Hazard, submitted 2025-11-17”FAA · Nov. 2025 · grade B
- FAA OE/AAA filings under the campus's own names (Tembo, Project Jade, BFC Power / Cheyenne Power Hub, Switchgrass ILS) evidence construction at the Cheyenne campus: a 30-ft data center building filed Nov. 17, 2025, a 300-ft“ASN 2025-ANM-6949-OE: Cheyenne Data Center - Tembo, Building, 30 ft AGL, 6324 ft AMSL, 41.04248,-104.82284, Determined - No Hazard, submitted 2025-11-17”FAA · Nov. 2025 · grade B
- Community data-center forum (Cheyenne; reported by Wyoming Tribune Eagle): Public forum on data-center impacts (power, water, rates, wildlife)“The two most pressing issues with data centers are electricity and water, said Wulf.”News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
- Community meeting / open house (Cheyenne): Google public presentation of Project Tembo“At a community meeting in Cheyenne on 9 September 2026 Google said Project Tembo represents a $17 billion investment.”News report · Sept. 2026 · grade C
- Aggregator report of a Cheyenne city-council annexation referendum petition (signature deadline Aug 2 2026; SoS warning), subject project not identified as Tembo (county project, not a city annexation); recorded for coo“organizers needed to collect signatures from 10% of the total number of Cheyenne residents who voted in the 2024 election … within a strict 20-day window”News report · Aug. 2026 · grade C
- Rezoning date: Oct. 2025“The projects would be part of the newly formed Switchgrass Industrial Park, a nearly 1,400-acre development approved in October of last year.”News report · Jan. 2026 · grade C
- Planned Unit Development / zone change: approved“The projects would be part of the newly formed Switchgrass Industrial Park, a nearly 1,400-acre development approved in October of last year.”News report · Jan. 2026 · grade C
- Site plan + conditional use (campus and power hub): approved (unanimous)“in a unanimous vote on January 5 approved Project Jade … Commissioners also greenlighted the BFC Power and Cheyenne Power Hub, which includes 2.7 GW of natural gas-fired generation”News report · Jan. 2026 · grade C
- Local rancher objects at approval hearing (landscape, lights, dust); Gov. Gordon publicly supportive“Speaking at Monday's meeting, local rancher Michelle Jessica expressed concerns about its impact on the landscape.”News report · Jan. 2026 · grade C
- Laramie County Board of Commissioners: Project Jade campus and BFC Power / Cheyenne Power Hub approvals“Officials in Laramie County … in a unanimous vote on January 5 approved Project Jade”News report · Jan. 2026 · grade C
Site and other (15)
- Advances reimbursement date: June 30, 2027“Black Hills expects to reimburse those advances by June 30, 2027”SEC filing · Oct. 2026 · grade A
- Name: Project Tembo“a data center development previously known as Project Jade now known as Project Tembo”Local government · July 2026 · grade A
- Developer: Google, via wholly owned subsidiary Jupiter Star Holdings LLC“several productive discussions with Google (d.b.a. Jupiter Star Holdings, LLC.) regarding resubmittal”Local government · July 2026 · grade A
- Developer original: Crusoe Energy Systems (withdrew June 2026)“Since those approvals, Crusoe Energy has withdrawn from the project.”Local government · July 2026 · grade A
- Buildings: 4“The project will be scaled down from five buildings to four buildings”Local government · July 2026 · grade A
- Workforce estimate: peak construction 2500 (reduced from 5000 in Tembo redesign)“the peak workforce is reduced from 5,000 to 2,500 respectively”Local government · July 2026 · grade A
- Building sq ft by building: DC1, DC2, DC3: 636 KSF each; DC4: 930 KSF (2,838 KSF data halls) + HUB office, CLC logistics, 2 CDMA network buildings thousand sq ft“o DC1/2/3 - 636KSF per DC | o DC4 - 930KSF”Local government · June 2026 · grade A
- Announced: July 24, 2025“today announced a strategic partnership with Tallgrass to develop a 1.8 gigawatt (GW) AI data center campus located in southeast Wyoming”Company · July 2025 · grade A
- Parcel owner search negative: Owner search of Laramie County assessor parcels for JUPITER, CRUSOE, SWITCHGRASS and GOOGLE returned zero parcels; the roll is tax year 2024, so the June 2026 Jupiter Star Holdings purchase“Zero owner matches”State agency · Oct. 2026 · grade B
- Current target date: Energy service begins late 2027, peak load 2030; campus construction complete 2031“planned to begin taking energy service in late 2027 and ramp to the project's peak load in 2030”Company · Oct. 2026 · grade B
- Address: Switchgrass Industrial Park, ~8 mi south of Cheyenne near Terry Ranch Rd / US 85, Laramie County, WY“The campus will be developed on a 716-acre parcel located eight miles south of Cheyenne in the Switchgrass Industrial Park.”News report · July 2026 · grade C
- Acres: 716 acres“The campus will be developed on a 716-acre parcel located eight miles south of Cheyenne”News report · July 2026 · grade C
- Google site-plan filing with Laramie County (Jun 30 2026) names Google, via wholly owned subsidiary Jupiter Star Holdings LLC, as developer and owner; project renamed Project Tembo“As reported by Cowboy State Daily, the development has now been renamed Project Tembo.”News report · July 2026 · grade C
- Original target date: early 2028 initial service (Black Hills tracking statement, Jun 10 2026, under pre-takeover plan)“the project continues to progress as planned and is tracking for service to begin in early 2028 (Black Hills statement)”News report · June 2026 · grade C
- Announced: July 28, 2025“The scheme, announced last year, will see Crusoe construct the data center campus, known as Project Jade”News report · July 2025 · grade C
Imagery and records: Satellite imagery: Maxar via Esri World Imagery Wayback.