Power
Power and the grid
Sources on record, size not disclosed
- Utility service (provider not committed) No agreementthe rezoning filings plan additional on-site substations as needed; APS testified in Apr. 2026 that none of its 4.5 GW of data center commitments is in Pinal County; no service agreement is public News report · April 2026
Getting on the grid
Who supplies what, what it costs, and what is still not public.
- Jan. 21, 2025Substations plannedThe filings describe additional substations built on the property as needed; no on-site generation is proposed. News report · Jan. 2025
- April 15, 2026APS has no Pinal County data center commitmentsA utility executive told county supervisors none of its 4.5 GW committed data center load is in Pinal County; the utility's territory includes Eloy. News report · Oct. 2026
- Not setService agreement: none publicNo electric service, supply or interconnection agreement exists in the public record for this campus. News report · April 2026
- The Arizona Corporation Commission opened a statewide docket in Apr. 2025 on whether data centers should bear the full cost of new generation and grid upgrades; it will shape any future supply deal. News report · Oct. 2026
What is next door
Distances from mapped lines and plants. OpenStreetMap · Oct. 2026
Permits
Permits checklist
1 granted · 3 checked, nothing on file
Approvals a campus like this normally needs (including an air permit for backup generators), and what we found.
- ✓Rezoning ordinance GrantedEloy City Council · Feb. 2025: approved Feb. 2025 per a trade tracker; ordinance number, date and vote were not located News report · Oct. 2026
- –Checked, nothing on file: Site plan and building permit, Air permit, Development agreement
Risks
What could slow it down
- HighNo power commitmentThe utility with the territory has no data center commitments in Pinal County, and no service agreement is public for a 400 MW campus. News report · Oct. 2026
- HighNo tenantThe filing says the end user is unknown, and local commentary calls the project speculative. News report · Jan. 2025
- MediumNo activity since the rezoningNo site plan, permit, grading or hiring has been reported in the 20 months after council approval. see Permits
- WatchIncentive freezeArizona froze data center incentives for three years in June 2026; none was sought here as far as is reported. News report · Oct. 2026
Money
Money on record
$687.5M
construction cost estimate
from the applicant's economic study; no lender or financing is named News report · Jan. 2025
Timeline
What happened, and what is due
SitePaper trailConstructionPowerPermitsMoneyLegalUpcoming
- April 14, 2023Site Ryan Companies' warehouse plan for the same 122 acres surfaces; it is never built News report · Oct. 2026
- Nov. 2024Permits Rezoning application filed for a data center campus News report · Jan. 2025
- Jan. 15, 2025Permits Planning commission recommends the rezoning News report · Jan. 2025
- Jan. 21, 2025Site Trade press reports the pivot to a 400 MW, three-building data center News report · Jan. 2025
- Feb. 2025Permits City council approves the rezoning, per a trade tracker News report · Oct. 2026
- April 15, 2026Power APS says none of its data center commitments is in Pinal County News report · Oct. 2026
- June 2026Money Arizona enacts a three-year freeze on data center incentives (press); none was ever reported for this campus News report · Oct. 2026
The buildings
Specs
- Closed-loop chillers: low-water cooling committed in the rezoning News report · Jan. 2025
Who is involved
Owners, partners and builders
Owners and developers
- Ryan Companies: developer (Minneapolis)
- Cotton City Industrial Park LLC: landowner
Advisers
- Colliers Engineering and Design: civil engineer
- Bergin, Frakes, Smalley and Oberholtzer: land use counsel
- Elliot D. Pollack and Company: author of the economic study
Power
- Arizona Public Service: holds the Eloy electric franchise
- Electrical District No. 4: serves Eloy residents
Decision-makers
- Eloy City Council: rezoning
- Eloy Planning and Zoning Commission: recommendation
Still unknown
Open questions
- The adopted rezoning ordinance and its conditions.
- A tenant.
- Any utility commitment or service agreement.
- A site plan or building permit.
- 2 unconfirmed county land records near the site: the buyer or location could not be tied to this campus.
Where this comes from
108 records from 16 documents
Drawn from news reports, public and commercial datasets, company statements and state agency records, each kept with its date and source. The bar shows documents by type.
News report 12Dataset 5Company 1State agency 1
Evidence
Every quote behind this page
Grade key: A = the primary record itself (permit, filing, exhibit) · B = a dated official statement · C = news reporting. Map distances are our own measurements on OpenStreetMap and carry no grade. Allegations in lawsuits are marked as such in the quotes.
Power (20)
- Nearest power line of 345 kV or more: 9.44 kmMeasured on OpenStreetMap map data.
- Nearest substation of 345 kV or more: 10.95 kmMeasured on OpenStreetMap map data.
- Nearest gas pipeline: 3.94 kmMeasured on OpenStreetMap map data.
- Interconnection status: Serving utility established as Arizona Public Service (APS), not ED3: APS holds the City of Eloy electric franchise (tree row, company B); No project-specific APS power agreement, ACC docket or AP“a franchise to construct, maintain and operate its electrical system, as defined herein, upon, over, along, across and under the present and future public rights-of-way”Company · Oct. 2026 · grade B
- Construction stage: announced only - PAD rezoning recommended for approval by the Eloy P&Z Commission on Jan 15, 2025, and tracker reporting lists a Feb 2025 city council approval; no construction, no site work and no te“Southwest Crossing; Ryan Companies; Eloy, Pinal Co.; 122 acres; 3 buildings; 400 MW; $687.5M; Council approved”News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
- Registry status: Announced/entitlement-stage project: Ryan Companies' Southwest Crossing Data Park, 122 acres at the SEC of Houser and Estrella Roads, Eloy (3 buildings, 855K sq ft, 400 MW per the project narrative as re“a three-building data center development with more than 855KSF of building area and a 400-megawatt capacity”News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
- IT capacity: not stated“DOCUMENTED ABSENCE: the rezoning submittal states only a 400-megawatt campus capacity; no IT-load figure appears in any source opened”News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
- Utility service: not stated“DOCUMENTED ABSENCE: Bogle confirmed that none of APS’s 4.5 GW commitment covers any Pinal County data center project”News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
- On-site generation: not stated“DOCUMENTED ABSENCE: documents suggest up to three buildings are planned, with additional substations constructed on the property as needed; no generation is proposed”News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
- Utility: not stated“most industry in Eloy is served by this reliable and innovative utility [APS]. Locally-owned Electrical District (ED) #4 provides electrical energy to Eloy’s residents”News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
- Construction stage: not stated“Southwest Crossing | Ryan Companies | Eloy, Pinal Co. | 122 acres; 3 buildings; 400 MW; $687.5M | Council approved | Feb 2025”News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
- Stage: entitled (rezoning approved Feb 2025), not built“Southwest Crossing | Ryan Companies | Eloy, Pinal Co. | 122 acres; 3 buildings; 400 MW; $687.5M | Council approved | Feb 2025”News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
- Entitlement milestone: Eloy City Council approved the GI-to-GI-PAD rezoning for the Southwest Crossing data center (month per tracker; ordinance text not yet pulled). No further milestone (site plan, permits, tenant, pow“Southwest Crossing | Ryan Companies | Eloy, Pinal Co. | 122 acres; 3 buildings; 400 MW; $687.5M | Council approved | Feb 2025”News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
- Power-path risk: APS Director of Data Center Strategy Patrick Bogle testified to the Pinal County Board of Supervisors that APS has ~4.5 GW of data-center commitments system-wide but NONE in Pinal County, and that its Pi“Asked specifically about Pinal County, Bogle confirmed that none of APS’s 4.5 GW commitment covers any Pinal County data center project”News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
- Interconnection status: no agreement; no APS data-center commitment exists for any Pinal County project (APS testimony, April 15, 2026)“APS has committed to serve approximately 4.5 gigawatts of data center load through 2030-2032 across its service territory”News report · April 2026 · grade C
- Aliases: Southwest Crossing Data Park; Southwest Crossing Data Center“developing a 400MW, 1.25 million sq ft (116,130 sqm) campus, known as the Southwest Crossing Data Center”News report · Jan. 2025 · grade C
- Stated campus size: 400 MW“a three-building data center development with more than 855KSF of building area and a 400-megawatt capacity”News report · Jan. 2025 · grade C
- Power plan: grid“additional substations constructed on the property as needed”News report · Jan. 2025 · grade C
- Stated campus size: 400 MW“a three-building data center development with more than 855KSF of building area and a 400-megawatt capacity”News report · Jan. 2025 · grade C
- Stated campus size: 400 MW“a three-building data center development with more than 855KSF of building area and a 400-megawatt capacity”News report · Jan. 2025 · grade C
Money and contracts (17)
- Tenants: not stated“DOCUMENTED ABSENCE: the City of Eloy proposed development appears to be moving forward on speculation; developers intend to build before identifying the future tenant”News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
- Tenant status: none (speculative; no tenant announced)“the City of Eloy proposed development appears to be moving forward on speculation”News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
- Incentives: not stated“Once in operation, the facility could generate more than $5.6M in direct taxes annually”News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
- Financing: not stated“DOCUMENTED ABSENCE: the study predicts total construction costs of $687.5M; no lender, instrument or financing commitment is named in any source opened”News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
- rezoning / PAD overlay approval: termination FINDING: no termination, expiration, reversion or failure-to-develop clause was located in any public source. Whether the adopted PAD ordinance contains one cannot be verified“The PAD was requested because data centers are not specifically listed as a permitted use”News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
- development agreement: scope FINDING: no executed development agreement between the City of Eloy and the owner/developer was located in any public source searched (CivicClerk-indexed ordinances/resolutions, press, tracke“City of Eloy meeting records are published through the CivicClerk portal; no development agreement for Southwest Crossing surfaces in any indexed or reported source”News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
- water service: scope FINDING: no site-specific water will-serve letter or water service agreement was located. The City of Eloy is the potable water provider for the incorporated area and a designated Assured Water Suppl“The City of Eloy provides potable water to the majority of the City’s incorporated area”News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
- Developer-side economic claims in the rezoning record (Elliot D. Pollack & Co.): $687.5M total construction cost at up to 1.25MSF, nearly $1.8M in impact fees, more than 4,800 direct construction jobs, and more than $5.6“Once in operation, the facility could generate more than $5.6M in direct taxes annually”News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
- electric service agreement: scope FINDING: no electric service agreement, energy supply agreement or interconnection agreement exists in the public record for this campus; APS testified April 15, 2026 that it has no data-cen“Bogle confirmed that none of APS’s 4.5 GW commitment covers any Pinal County data center project”News report · April 2026 · grade C
- rezoning / PAD overlay approval: scope Rezone from General Industrial to General Industrial with a Planned Area Development overlay to allow a data center campus of up to 3 buildings and 400 MW on 122 acres“Southwest Crossing | Ryan Companies | Eloy, Pinal Co. | 122 acres; 3 buildings; 400 MW; $687.5M | Council approved | Feb 2025”News report · Feb. 2025 · grade C
- Tenant status: no tenant named - speculative development; the rezoning narrative states the end-user is currently unknown“Because the end-user and the type of data being processed are currently unknown, this Project is committed to the closed-loop low-water cooling technology”News report · Jan. 2025 · grade C
- Square feet: 855360 sq ft“up to three 285,120 sq ft (26,490 sqm) buildings are planned”News report · Jan. 2025 · grade C
- Stated capital cost: 687500000 USD“the study predicts total construction costs of $687.5M, impact fees of nearly $1.8M and more than 4,800 direct construction jobs”News report · Jan. 2025 · grade C
- Workforce estimate: 4800“the study predicts total construction costs of $687.5M, impact fees of nearly $1.8M and more than 4,800 direct construction jobs”News report · Jan. 2025 · grade C
- rezoning / PAD overlay approval: condition Average daily water demand for Data Processing & Hosting Services on the property is limited to 219,600 gallons per day per the Water Basis of Design dated November 12, 2024, ex“average daily water usage is limited to an average daily water demand of 219,600 gallons per day as provided in the Water Basis of Design, dated November 12, 2024”News report · Jan. 2025 · grade C
- rezoning / PAD overlay approval: condition Project commits to closed-loop, low-water cooling technology; owner and developer commit to methods limiting ground, surface, delivered, reclaimed, captured or effluent water us“the property owner and developer have committed to using methods that limit ground, surface, delivered, reclaimed, captured, or effluent water in the control of temperatures”News report · Jan. 2025 · grade C
- rezoning / PAD overlay approval: condition City staff recommended approval with conditions; the full condition list sits in the CivicClerk staff report/packet and was not retrievable in this pass“The request for rezoning was recommended for approval by the Eloy Planning and Zoning Commission in its January 15 meeting. Staff had recommended approval with conditions”News report · Jan. 2025 · grade C
Permits and government (16)
- Original target date: not stated“DOCUMENTED ABSENCE: no completion date, phasing schedule or COD appears in the rezoning coverage or any other source opened”News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
- Current target date: not stated“DOCUMENTED ABSENCE: no completion date, phasing schedule or COD appears in the rezoning coverage or any other source opened”News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
- building permit: none issued“Southwest Crossing | Ryan Companies | Eloy, Pinal Co. | 122 acres; 3 buildings; 400 MW; $687.5M | Council approved | Feb 2025”News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
- Prior scheme: Ryan Companies’ warehouse project on the same 122 acres (South Crossing Industrial Park, 1.8-1.9M sq ft, up to six buildings) was announced in April 2023 and never built; the data-center PAD is a pivot of t“plans came to light that Ryan Companies was planning an industrial development in Eloy that would have placed between 1.8MSF and 1.9MSF of space on 122 acres”News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
- State regulatory context: the Arizona Corporation Commission opened Docket No. E-00000A-25-0069 (April 2025) on whether data centers should bear the full cost of new generation and grid infrastructure. The docket is gene“In April 2025, Chairman Kevin Thompson opened Docket No. E-00000A-25-0069, asking whether data centers should bear the full costs of new generation and grid infrastructure”News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
- State incentive context: Arizona enacted a three-year freeze on data center incentives in June 2026 (as reported by Bisnow). No incentive or ACA tax-exemption certification has ever been reported for Southwest Crossing“the state of Arizona enacted a three-year freeze on data center incentives in June”News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
- Current zoning: General Industrial with Planned Area Development (PAD) overlay“The request for rezoning from General Industrial to General Industrial with a Planned Area Development Overlay was recommended for approval”News report · Feb. 2025 · grade C
- Rezoning date: Feb. 2025“Southwest Crossing | Ryan Companies | Eloy, Pinal Co. | 122 acres; 3 buildings; 400 MW; $687.5M | Council approved | Feb 2025”News report · Feb. 2025 · grade C
- rezoning ordinance: approved“Southwest Crossing | Ryan Companies | Eloy, Pinal Co. | 122 acres; 3 buildings; 400 MW; $687.5M | Council approved | Feb 2025”News report · Feb. 2025 · grade C
- Eloy City Council: Adoption of the rezoning ordinance for Southwest Crossing (GI to GI-PAD), following the Planning and Zoning Commission’s January 15, 2025 recommendation“Southwest Crossing | Ryan Companies | Eloy, Pinal Co. | 122 acres; 3 buildings; 400 MW; $687.5M | Council approved | Feb 2025”News report · Feb. 2025 · grade C
- Announced: Jan. 21, 2025“The request for rezoning from General Industrial to General Industrial with a Planned Area Development Overlay was recommended for approval by the Eloy Planning and Zoning Commission in its Jan. 15 meeting.”News report · Jan. 2025 · grade C
- Owner companies: Cotton City Industrial Park, LLC“According to the rezoning submittals, the property owner is Cotton City Industrial Park, LLC”News report · Jan. 2025 · grade C
- rezoning application (zoning map amendment + PAD overlay): filed“average daily water usage is limited to an average daily water demand of 219,600 gallons per day as provided in the Water Basis of Design, dated November 12, 2024”News report · Jan. 2025 · grade C
- Project status: Announced only: Eloy Planning & Zoning recommended approval of the PAD rezoning on Jan 15, 2025 (tracker reports council approval Feb 2025); no construction evidence, tenant announcement or hiring found t“The request for rezoning from General Industrial to General Industrial with a Planned Area Development Overlay was recommended for approval by the Eloy Planning and Zoning Commission in its Jan. 15 meeting”News report · Jan. 2025 · grade C
- rezoning (PAD overlay): recommended approval“The request for rezoning from General Industrial to General Industrial with a Planned Area Development Overlay was recommended for approval by the Eloy Planning and Zoning Commission in its Jan. 15 meeting”News report · Jan. 2025 · grade C
- Eloy Planning and Zoning Commission: Public hearing and recommendation on the Southwest Crossing rezoning: General Industrial to General Industrial with Planned Area Development (PAD) overlay, to allow a 3-building, 400“The request for rezoning from General Industrial to General Industrial with a Planned Area Development Overlay was recommended for approval by the Eloy Planning and Zoning Commission in its Jan. 15 meeting”News report · Jan. 2025 · grade C
Legal (1)
- Speculative-build criticism: RAZE (Rural Arizona Engagement) commentary singles out the City of Eloy project as moving forward on speculation, i.e. before any tenant is identified; no organized opposition, petition or la“the City of Eloy proposed development appears to be moving forward on speculation”News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
Site and other (13)
- County code: 04021“FCC census block find returned County FIPS 04021, name Pinal County for both the anchor (32.7743,-111.5985) and the Estrella/Houser intersection (32.77749,-111.60217)”Dataset · Oct. 2026 · grade B
- Site acres: 122 acres“The greenfield site, totaling 122 acres on the southeast corner of Estrella Road & Houser Road, is currently owned by Coton City Industrial Park, LLC”News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
- APS (the serving utility) reports almost 4.5 GW of committed high-load customer demand in its interconnection queue, mostly data centers, plus more than 20 GW uncommitted - APS system/portfolio figures only, NOT this cam“At present, APS has almost 4.5GW of committed, high-load customer demand in its interconnection queue, mostly from the data center sector.”News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
- Name: Southwest Crossing“the company’s plan has shifted to develop the Southwest Crossing Data Park—a three-building data center development”News report · Jan. 2025 · grade C
- Developer: Ryan Companies US Inc (Ryan Companies, Inc.)“the property owner is Cotton City Industrial Park, LLC. Ryan Companies, Inc. is the developer”News report · Jan. 2025 · grade C
- Address: Southeast corner of Estrella Road & Houser Road, Eloy, AZ (east of Interstate 10, along the Union Pacific rail line)“122 acres at the SEC of Houser and Estrella roads, east of Interstate 10 along the Union Pacific rail line”News report · Jan. 2025 · grade C
- County: Pinal County“Southwest Crossing will be the first major data center project in Pinal County”News report · Jan. 2025 · grade C
- Acres: 122 acres“The 122-acre site is currently used for agricultural purposes”News report · Jan. 2025 · grade C
- Site current use: agriculture (greenfield)“The greenfield site, totaling 122 acres on the southeast corner of Estrella Road & Houser Road”News report · Jan. 2025 · grade C
- Buildings: 3 buildings“a three-building data center development with more than 855KSF of building area and a 400-megawatt capacity”News report · Jan. 2025 · grade C
- Announced: Jan. 2025“now the company’s plan has shifted to develop the Southwest Crossing Data Park—a three-building data center development”News report · Jan. 2025 · grade C
- Cooling: closed-loop chillers (low-water)“Modern systems closed-loop chillers, like the one to be proposed for this Project, use water, but recycle it through integrated cooling equipment”News report · Jan. 2025 · grade C
- Water use stated: 219600 gallons/day“average daily water usage is limited to an average daily water demand of 219,600 gallons per day as provided in the Water Basis of Design, dated November 12, 2024”News report · Nov. 2024 · grade C