Crusoe Goodnight (Google) · Data center profile

Power

Power and the grid

None energized or contracted yet

Goodnight 1 wind farm (co-located, net metered)Approved by regulator

265.5 MW

nameplate; operating next door; the regulator approved the campus load behind its grid connection Company · Oct. 2026

Goodnight 2 wind farmUnder construction

260 MW

260 MW in the utility commission order (the developer cites 265.5 MW); under construction behind the same connection; energization estimated May 2027 Utility regulator · Oct. 2026

On-site gas turbines (20 units)Pending air permit

932.9 MW

proposed generation; air permit pending; no power purchase agreement signed

ApprovedProposed

Other sources, size not disclosed

Grid connection (Oncor transmission, Greenbelt Electric distribution) Studies approved
large-load studies cleared by ERCOT for 265 MW; the campus must fully curtail on ERCOT instruction within 30 minutes Utility regulator · Oct. 2026

Getting on the grid

Who supplies what, what it costs, and what is still not public.

April 12, 2024
Grid study approved, first phase
ERCOT approves the 180 MW first-phase load study; the second phase (85 MW) follows Sept. 4, 2025. Utility regulator · Oct. 2026
Oct. 24, 2025
Net metering application filed
Crusoe and the wind-farm owner ask the Texas utility commission to let the campus draw on the wind farm's connection. Utility regulator · Oct. 2026
April 23, 2026
Utility commission approves 265 MW
Approval comes with six conditions, including full curtailment within 30 minutes and no demand-response sales. see Permits
July 2026
Second load approved
The commission approves the 260 MW Crusoe Two load on essentially the same conditions. see Permits
May 15, 2027
Second wind farm energizes (estimate)
Company materials estimate Goodnight 2 starts May 15, 2027; the Crusoe Two load does not depend on it. Utility regulator · Oct. 2026
Not set
Gas plant: air permit pending
The 933 MW gas plant has no air permit and no power purchase deal, so it is not counted as secured supply. see Permits

Backup generation is part of the approved arrangement, but its size was filed confidentially, so no backup megawatts are counted here. Utility regulator · Oct. 2026
The conditions bind any later owner, and a review is due 36 to 60 months after approval. Utility regulator · Oct. 2026
Also in play: a state pause on new large-load energization pending a grid audit begun Aug. 3, 2026 (reported). News report · Oct. 2026

On-site generation on file

Air quality permit + PSD permit + GHG PSD permit (NSR preconstruction) Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ) · 182880 / PSDTX1698 / GHGPSDTX268 · application (amended NORI issued… · Jan. 30, 2026
Crusoe Energy Systems LLC applied Jan. 30, 2026 for construction of the Goodnight Data Center at 10001 Lima Road, Claude, Armstrong County, TX (amended NORI issuance Feb. 11, 2026). TCEQ's pending-applications list links the… State agency · Feb. 2026

Is it running?

Evidence from space

NO₂ over the site, net of the rural background, edged up from −1 to 3 µmol/m² between July–September 2025 and 2026, while the rural background stayed flat (about 21 both summers). The change is small next to normal swings, so it is not clear evidence of new combustion. Plant records also show no on-site power plant running yet. On record here: On-site gas turbines (20 units), 933 MW, proposed. No rise fits a plant that is not running yet, or runs little; it does not prove either.

See all campuses checked →

NO₂ over the campus and over open country (µmol/m²)

Lines: 7-day (daily) / 3-week (weekly) averages; gaps from cloud filled by straight-line interpolation; dots are raw readings. Shaded: July–September 2025 and 2026, averaging −1 and 3 µmol/m² above open country.

What else could explain it

Cities, highways, oil and gas fields and power plants in or near the box also emit NO₂. Comparing the same months a year apart removes steady sources; a new source nearby would not cancel.
Weather moves NO₂ from day to day (wind, sunlight, cloud), and it builds up in winter. Subtracting the background box and comparing the same season a year apart removes most of that.

How this works: the Sentinel-5P satellite measures NO₂ in the air over every point on Earth once a day, around 1:30 p.m. local time, in pixels about 5.5 by 3.5 km. NO₂ comes from burning fuel (turbines, engines, traffic, power plants), so a rise over a site that open country does not share points to new combustion there. It shows combustion activity, not megawatts. The site box is about 15 km across; the background box is open country about 62 km away. We use only high-quality readings and drop days or weeks when cloud hides more than half of either box. Data: Copernicus Sentinel-5P (ESA), processed with the Copernicus Data Space Ecosystem Sentinel Hub statistics service.

Permits

Permits checklist

1 pending · 5 granted · 2 checked, nothing on file

Approvals a campus like this normally needs (including an air permit for backup or on-site generators), and what we found.

◷
Air permits for gas plant Pending
Texas Commission on Environmental Quality · Jan. 30, 2026: filed Jan. 30, 2026; still pending Oct. 2026 and reportedly caught in the governor's Sept. 2026 pause
✓
Building registration, Building 1 Granted
Texas Dept. of Licensing and Regulation · Aug. 25, 2025: review complete; 485,000 sq ft, $292M; five more buildings filed since State agency · Oct. 2026
✓
Net metering, first load (265 MW) Granted
Public Utility Commission of Texas · April 23, 2026: six conditions; the commission is a utility regulator, not a zoning body Utility regulator · Oct. 2026
✓
Net metering, second load (260 MW) Granted
Public Utility Commission of Texas · July 2026: essentially the same conditions Utility regulator · Oct. 2026
✓
Large-load grid studies Granted
ERCOT and Oncor · Sept. 4, 2025: first phase Apr. 2024, second phase Sept. 2025 Utility regulator · Oct. 2026
✓
Tax abatement (Chapter 312) Granted
Armstrong County Commissioners Court · Oct. 14, 2025: amended unanimously; payments in lieu of taxes of $1.35M a year per building once operating News report · Oct. 2026
–
Checked, nothing on file: Zoning and site plan, Water permits

Risks

What could slow it down

High
Gas plant is unpermitted
The 933 MW gas plant has no air permit, no power purchase deal, and a reported state pause on permits. News report · Oct. 2026
Medium
Grid curtailment terms
Both approvals require full curtailment on ERCOT's call and bar demand-response income, and the state grid audit may pause new large-load energization. Utility regulator · Oct. 2026
Medium
Scope has shifted
In Oct. 2025 the county attorney said the campus might shrink to three or four buildings; later filings show six. News report · Oct. 2026
Watch
Tenant terms undisclosed
Google is confirmed as end user, but lease terms are not public and no gas power deal is signed. Company · Oct. 2026

Money

Money on record

$292M

Building 1 cost on state filing

buildings 3 and 4 filed at $500M each (press) State agency · Oct. 2026

$1.35M a year

payment in lieu of taxes, per building

starts when each building operates; total abatement value unchanged News report · Oct. 2026

$40B

Google's Texas investment through 2027

covers three campuses; no figure assigned to this one News report · Oct. 2026

Timeline

What happened, and what is due

SitePaper trailConstructionPowerPermitsMoneyLegalUpcoming

April 12, 2024
Power ERCOT approves the 180 MW first-phase grid study. Utility regulator · Oct. 2026
June 2025
Construction Crusoe says it broke ground (June 2025). Company · Oct. 2026
Aug. 25, 2025
Permits Building 1 is registered with the state; construction start listed as Aug. 25, 2025. State agency · Oct. 2026
Oct. 14, 2025
Money Armstrong County unanimously approves a revised tax abatement. News report · Oct. 2026
Oct. 24, 2025
Power Net metering application filed with the Texas utility commission. Utility regulator · Oct. 2026
Jan. 30, 2026
Permits Crusoe applies for air permits for the on-site gas plant. State agency · Oct. 2026
April 23, 2026
Power Utility commission approves the 265 MW campus load with six conditions. Utility regulator · Oct. 2026
July 2026
Power Commission approves a second 260 MW load; buildings 3 and 4 are filed with the state. Utility regulator · Oct. 2026
Sept. 21, 2026
Permits Governor reportedly directs TCEQ to halt data-center permits until a grid audit ends. News report · Oct. 2026
Sept. 28, 2026
Site Crusoe confirms it is developing the campus for Google. Company · Oct. 2026
Dec. 2026
Permits Expected end of the permit pause (reported, about mid-Dec.). News report · Oct. 2026

Construction activity

Since June 2026: 1 FAA filing (June 2026): a 370 ft crane. FAA · June 2026

The buildings

Specs

6 buildings

filed with the state building regulator through July 2026; about 4.2 million sq ft in total

News report · Oct. 2026

485,000 sq ft

Building 1, one story; buildings 3 and 4 are 805,380 sq ft each at $500M each (press reading of filings)

State agency · Oct. 2026

5,500 workers

on site daily, developer says (Sept. 2026)

Company · Oct. 2026

Closed-loop cooling: non-evaporative liquid cooling; water use mostly domestic Company · Oct. 2026

Who is involved

Owners, partners and builders

Owners

Crusoe: developer
GN DC1 LLC: owner of record
Ensign Infrastructure LLC: large-load customer and operator of record
FGE Goodnight I LLC: owns the Goodnight 1 wind farm

Customer

Google: end user, confirmed Sept. 28, 2026

Power

Oncor: transmission provider
Greenbelt Electric Cooperative: distribution provider
Golden Spread Electric Cooperative: transmission operator for Greenbelt

Decision-makers

Public Utility Commission of Texas: net metering approvals
Texas Commission on Environmental Quality: air permits
Armstrong County Commissioners Court: tax abatement

Still unknown

Open questions

When the air permit is decided and whether any gas power is secured.
Google's lease terms and total planned capacity.
Whether the first buildings met their Aug. 2026 estimated finish.

Where this comes from

153 records from 19 documents

Drawn from news reports, state agency records, public and commercial datasets, utility regulator dockets, company statements and local government records, each kept with its date and source. The bar shows documents by type.

News report 8State agency 5Dataset 5Utility regulator 2Company 2Local government 2

Evidence

Every quote behind this page

Grade key: A = the primary record itself (permit, filing, exhibit) · B = a dated official statement · C = news reporting. Map distances are our own measurements on OpenStreetMap and carry no grade. Allegations in lawsuits are marked as such in the quotes.

Power (32)

Load customer: Ensign Infrastructure LLC
“Ensign will ultimately be the large load customer that will operate the AI datacenter complex (the Ensign Load)”
Utility regulator · Oct. 2026 · grade A
IT capacity: not stated
“The Ensign Load is a new AI data-center complex that is being developed in two phases, with an initial phase of 180 MW, and a second phase of 85 MW”
Utility regulator · Oct. 2026 · grade A
Grid operator: ERCOT
“Both the Ensign Load and GOODNIT1 are located within the ERCOT power region”
Utility regulator · Oct. 2026 · grade A
Utility tsp: Oncor Electric Delivery Company, LLC
“Oncor will serve as the transmission service provider for the Ensign Load”
Utility regulator · Oct. 2026 · grade A
Utility dsp: Greenbelt Electric Cooperative, Inc.
“Greenbelt will serve as the distribution service provider for the Ensign Load with legal authority to provide retail electric delivery service to the netted load”
Utility regulator · Oct. 2026 · grade A
Poi substation: Oncor Midpoint Switch substation
“GOODNIT1's point of interconnection to the ERCOT system is Oncor's Midpoint Switch substation”
Utility regulator · Oct. 2026 · grade A
Power plan: co-located net metering (PURA 39.169) behind GOODNIT1 wind POI, plus proposed on-site gas plant
“the Ensign Load will be co-located with GOODNIT1 behind GOODNIT1's point of interconnection and will share the existing ERCOT-polled settlement (EPS) meter used for GOODNIT1”
Utility regulator · Oct. 2026 · grade A
Target date first power: not stated
“Start Date: 8/25/2025, Completion Date: 8/24/2026”
State agency · Oct. 2026 · grade A
Regulatory jurisdiction: PUCT (net metering approval, PURA 39.169); TCEQ (air permits); Armstrong County (Chapter 312 abatement only)
“The Commission has authority over this matter under PURA § 39.169”
Utility regulator · Oct. 2026 · grade A
Verdict power: contracted
“The Commission approves the net metering arrangement, conditioned upon the terms imposed by this Order”
Utility regulator · Oct. 2026 · grade A
large load interconnection study: Phase 1 study approved (180 MW)
“Oncor previously completed and submitted to ERCOT the large load interconnection studies associated with the Ensign Load”
Utility regulator · Oct. 2026 · grade A
large load interconnection study: Phase 2 study approved (85 MW)
“which ERCOT approved on April 12, 2024 (Phase 1, 180 MW) and September 4, 2025 (Phase 2, 85 MW)”
Utility regulator · Oct. 2026 · grade A
GOODNIT2: a future 260 MW wind facility behind the same point of interconnection, estimated energisation May 15, 2027, sharing metering with GOODNIT1 and both loads; not part of the Docket 59220 application and the Cruso
“It will be a 260-MW wind generating facility. GOODNIT2 will also interconnect behind the existing point of interconnection for GOODNIT1”
Utility regulator · Oct. 2026 · grade A
Backup generation: PUCT Docket 58881 Finding of Fact 26 states the net metering arrangement will include backup generation, but its size, fuel and unit count were filed confidentially, no public MW figure exists, so no
“The net metering arrangement will include backup generation”
Utility regulator · Oct. 2026 · grade A
Utility service: 260 MW
“Crusoe is developing a second AI data-center, with a 260-MW load, which will be operated by Ensign (Crusoe Two)”
Utility regulator · July 2026 · grade A
Utility service: 265 MW
“Crusoe has developed an artificial-intelligence (AI) data-center complex located in Armstrong County that will be developed in two phases, an initial phase of 180 MW and a second phase of 85 MW”
Utility regulator · April 2026 · grade A
Nearest substation of 345 kV or more: 1.5 km
Measured on OpenStreetMap map data.
OpenStreetMap · Oct. 2026
Nearest power line of 345 kV or more: 0.951 km
Measured on OpenStreetMap map data.
OpenStreetMap · Oct. 2026
Stated campus size: not stated
“The campus is engineered to provide capacity to power advanced AI”
Company · Oct. 2026 · grade B
Wind pairing totals 531 MW nameplate (Goodnight 1 operational 265.5 + Goodnight 2 under construction 265.5 per the developer); surplus wind is supplied back to the grid, generation context only, never a campus MW field
“The campus has a direct connection to Serena's adjacent Goodnight 1 (265.5 MW) wind farm, which is operational, and Goodnight 2 (265.5 MW) wind farm, which is currently under construction”
Company · Oct. 2026 · grade B
No offtake signed for the proposed on-site gas plant: a Google spokesperson told Cleanview negotiations were ongoing and no PPA had been signed for the gas plant
“negotiations ongoing per Google spokesperson”
grade B
Adjacent generation directly connected to the campus: Serena's Goodnight 1 wind farm (265.5 MW, operational) plus Goodnight 2 (265.5 MW, under construction) - 531 MW combined
“The campus has a direct connection to Serena's adjacent Goodnight 1 (265.5 MW) wind farm, which is operational, and Goodnight 2 (265.5 MW) wind farm, which is currently under construction”
Company · Sept. 2026 · grade B
Primary-source citation for the adjacent Goodnight 1 wind farm: PUCT Docket 58881 carries GOODNIT1 as a stand-alone 265.5 MW wind generation resource in Armstrong County, co-located with the campus (Ensign) load under a
“Goodnight owns and operates GOODNIT1, a stand-alone 265.5 MW wind generation resource in Armstrong County that will be co-located with the Ensign Load.”
State agency · March 2026 · grade B
Load customer entity: Ensign
“The amended application reflects that Ensign will replace Crusoe as the large load customer.”
State agency · March 2026 · grade B
On-site generation: 932.9 MW
“on-site simple-cycle aeroderivative gas turbines, 20 units; GE LM6000 or Aero DT46 alternatives”
grade B
Announced: June 9, 2025
“rewriting the zone's stated purpose to cover "renewable and wind generated power generation and behind the meter uses for such power, to include data centers."”
Local government · June 2025 · grade B
On-site plant status: not built yet
“Those findings establish a proposed source of power, rather than a confirmed supply contract.”
News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
Third-party estimate (Aterio Research, via DCD): the campus will feature seven buildings and offer more than 1 GW - phase 1 four buildings / 530 MW, phase 2 three buildings / 500 MW, ~$29B total investment; Crusoe disclo
“According to Aterio Research, the data center campus will actually feature seven buildings and offer more than 1GW”
News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
Aterio Research estimate: seven buildings, Phase 1 four buildings ~530 MW, Phase 2 three buildings ~500 MW, ~$29B total investment, tracker figures only, NOT booked in any MW field
“the data center campus will actually feature seven buildings and offer more than 1GW. The first phase will cover four buildings and 530MW, and the second phase will cover three buildings with 500MW of capacity”
News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
Cleanview identified a January 2026 permit application by Crusoe for a 933 MW natural gas plant at the Goodnight campus (to supply two campus buildings off-grid); Google told Cleanview it had not signed an agreement to p
“Research firm Cleanview previously identified a January 2026 permit application by Crusoe for a 933-megawatt natural gas plant at the Goodnight campus in Armstrong County.”
News report · Sept. 2026 · grade C
Verdict: not built yet. The 933 MW on-site gas plant exists only as a January 2026 TCEQ permit application; no issuance, startup notice, stack test or emissions record found through Oct 20, 2026. Operating generation at
“a January 2026 permit application by Crusoe for a 933-megawatt natural gas plant at the Goodnight campus in Armstrong County”
News report · Sept. 2026 · grade C
On-site generation: 933 MW
“Research firm Cleanview previously identified a January 2026 permit application by Crusoe for a 933-megawatt natural gas plant at the Goodnight campus in Armstrong County.”
News report · Jan. 2026 · grade C

Money and contracts (29)

Building 1 cost: 292000000 USD
“Start Date: 8/25/2025, Completion Date: 8/24/2026, Estimated Cost: $292,000,000”
State agency · Oct. 2026 · grade A
Building 1 completion est: Aug. 24, 2026
“Start Date: 8/25/2025, Completion Date: 8/24/2026, Estimated Cost: $292,000,000”
State agency · Oct. 2026 · grade A
net metering arrangement (PURA 39.169): scope 265 MW
“Crusoe has developed an artificial-intelligence (AI) data-center complex located in Armstrong County that will be developed in two phases, an initial phase of 180 MW and a second phase of 85 MW”
Utility regulator · Oct. 2026 · grade A
net metering arrangement (PURA 39.169): curtailment full curtailment within 30 minutes of ERCOT instruction (10 minutes if capability confirmed in writing); breakers opened and load fully disconnected if not curtailed in
“Crusoe and Ensign must ensure that Ensign fully curtails its consumption in the manner directed by ERCOT”
Utility regulator · Oct. 2026 · grade A
net metering arrangement (PURA 39.169): generation availability on curtailment all available GOODNIT1 capacity to ERCOT economic dispatch
“Goodnight must ensure that, unless GOODNIT1 is on outage, all of GOODNIT1's available generating capacity is made available for ERCOT's economic dispatch”
Utility regulator · Oct. 2026 · grade A
net metering arrangement (PURA 39.169): demand response prohibition load may not be offered into any ERCOT or TDSP demand response product, program or service, incl. Ancillary Services and Emergency Response Service
“Crusoe and Ensign may not allow the Ensign load to be offered into or to participate in any ERCOT or TDSP demand response product, program, or service”
Utility regulator · Oct. 2026 · grade A
net metering arrangement (PURA 39.169): successor binding / compliance docket conditions bind successors-in-interest; new owner must file acknowledgment in Docket No. 59616 before transfer
“Before transferring the assets to another entity, the new owner must file an acknowledgment in Docket No. 59616, Compliance Filing for Docket No. 58881”
Utility regulator · Oct. 2026 · grade A
net metering arrangement (PURA 39.169): conditions review joint application for extension, modification or rescission of conditions
“At least 36 months and not more than 60 months after the date of this Order, the owner of the generation resource and the large load customer must jointly apply”
Utility regulator · Oct. 2026 · grade A
net metering arrangement (PURA 39.169): termination (absent, finding) no party termination right stated in the order, finding
“The Commission approves the net metering arrangement, conditioned upon the terms imposed by this Order”
Utility regulator · Oct. 2026 · grade A
net metering arrangement (PURA 39.169): scope 260 MW
“Crusoe is developing a second AI data-center, with a 260-MW load, which will be operated by Ensign (Crusoe Two)”
Utility regulator · Oct. 2026 · grade A
net metering arrangement (PURA 39.169): curtailment essentially the same six conditions as Docket 58881, incl. full curtailment of the entire load on ERCOT instruction (not capped at the paired generator's size)
“ERCOT further recommends that the Commission approve the proposed net metering arrangement, provided that essentially the same six conditions that were imposed in Docket No. 58881 be imposed”
Utility regulator · Oct. 2026 · grade A
net metering arrangement (PURA 39.169): demand response prohibition Crusoe Two Load may not participate in any ERCOT or TDSP demand response product, program or service
“Crusoe and Ensign may not allow the Crusoe Two Load to be offered into or to participate in any ERCOT or transmission or distribution service provider (TDSP) demand response product, program, or service”
Utility regulator · Oct. 2026 · grade A
net metering arrangement (PURA 39.169): successor binding / compliance docket conditions bind successors-in-interest; acknowledgment filed in Docket No. 59970
“Before transferring the assets to another entity, the new owner must file an acknowledgment in Docket No. 59970 (Compliance Filing for Docket No. 59220)”
Utility regulator · Oct. 2026 · grade A
net metering arrangement (PURA 39.169): conditions review joint application for extension, modification or rescission of conditions
“At least 36 months and not more than 60 months after the date of this Order, the owner of the generation resource and the large load customer must jointly apply”
Utility regulator · Oct. 2026 · grade A
Tenant: Google
“Crusoe, the AI factory company, today announced it is the developer of Google's data center campus under construction in Armstrong County outside of Amarillo”
Company · Oct. 2026 · grade B
Tenant status: confirmed by developer Sept. 28, 2026; lease terms not disclosed
“today announced it is the developer of Google's data center campus under construction in Armstrong County”
Company · Oct. 2026 · grade B
gas plant power purchase (Google): offtake (absent, finding) no PPA or offtake agreement signed for the proposed on-site gas plant; negotiations ongoing per Google spokesperson, finding
“negotiations ongoing per Google spokesperson; interconnection = none (BTM)”
grade B
Tenant: Google (end user, confirmed by the developer on Sep 28, 2026)
“Crusoe, the AI factory company, today announced it is the developer of Google's data center campus under construction in Armstrong County outside of Amarillo.”
Company · Sept. 2026 · grade B
Construction stage: under construction - ground broken Jun 2025; at least six single-story buildings planned (four of 805,380 sq ft, two of 484,955 sq ft); phased delivery Aug 2026 to Feb 2027; TDLR filings for Buildings
“Set to go live in phases from August 2026 to February 2027, the campus is set to span at least six single-story buildings.”
News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
Chapter 312 tax abatement: scope / original structure two construction phases; PILOT $5,400,000 per year per phase for ten years under the original structure USD
“The original abatement structure was designed around two major construction phases, with payments totaling $5.4 million per year for ten years per phase”
News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
Chapter 312 tax abatement (Agreement A): abatement / PILOT 100% abatement for 10 years per phase; annual PILOT $1,360,375 per phase USD
“Armstrong County posts two executed agreements (Crusoe DC1 LLC A and Crusoe DC1 LLC B) on its tax abatement page; terms per the county-posted copies as summarised in search-result evidence — PDFs not retrieved”
Local government · Oct. 2026 · grade C
Chapter 312 tax abatement (Agreement B): abatement / PILOT further 10-year abatement on property first placed in service after the first abatement period; PILOT = 15% of would-be county taxes; up to 8 phases authorised,
“Armstrong County posts two executed agreements (Crusoe DC1 LLC A and Crusoe DC1 LLC B) on its tax abatement page; terms per the county-posted copies as summarised in search-result evidence — PDFs not retrieved”
Local government · Oct. 2026 · grade C
Chapter 312 tax abatement (amended, restated, consolidated): amendment / PILOT restructuring PILOT restructured to $1,350,000 per year per building, payable once each building becomes operational; total abatement value u
“Under the revised terms, Armstrong County will receive payments in lieu of taxes of $1.35 million per year per building once each becomes operational”
News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
Chapter 312 tax abatement: water / MW / cooling / emissions terms (absent, finding) no water, MW, cooling or emissions terms in the posted agreement summaries, finding
“Armstrong County posts two executed agreements (Crusoe DC1 LLC A and Crusoe DC1 LLC B) on its tax abatement page; terms per the county-posted copies as summarised in search-result evidence — PDFs not retrieved”
Local government · Oct. 2026 · grade C
Google announced a $40B Texas investment through 2027 covering three new campuses, one in Armstrong County and two in Haskell County, plus 6,200 MW of PPAs and a $30M Energy Impact Fund; no site-level MW or dollar figu
“In November 2025, Google said it would be investing some $40 billion in expanding its cloud and AI infrastructure in Texas through 2027”
News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
Buildings 3 and 4 filed with TDLR in July 2026 at an estimated $500M each (805,380 sq ft each); phased completions run Aug 2026 to Feb/Mar 2027 per DCD's reading of the filings
“The latest two buildings to be filed for are Buildings 3 and 4, both with an estimated construction cost of $500 million”
News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
Tenant status: Google confirmed as end user on Sep 28, 2026; Crusoe is developing the campus for Google; the site connects directly to the adjacent Serena Goodnight 1 wind farm (265.5 MW, operational) and Goodnight 2 (26
“Crusoe officially confirmed that it is developing the project for Google on September 28.”
News report · Sept. 2026 · grade C
Developer financing (platform-level, not Goodnight-specific): Crusoe closed a $3.9 billion Series F on Sep 17, 2026 at a $30.9 billion post-money valuation (Reuters account) and reports more than 6 GW of contracted capac
“Crusoe disclosed Sept. 17 that it closed a $3.9 billion Series F at a $30.9 billion post-money valuation to finance faster build-out of AI infrastructure.”
News report · Sept. 2026 · grade C
Program context: the Goodnight campus is one of the sites in Google's $40 billion Texas investment plan through 2027, announced November 2025, which adds new campuses in Armstrong and Haskell Counties (Energy Magazine ac
“a project Google previously included in its $40 billion Texas investment plan through 2027. Announced in November 2025, the plan will add new campuses in Armstrong and Haskell Counties.”
News report · Nov. 2025 · grade C

Permits and government (22)

net metering application (PURA 39.169): application filed
“On October 24, 2025, Crusoe and Goodnight jointly filed an application requesting approval of a proposed net metering arrangement”
Utility regulator · Oct. 2026 · grade A
net metering application (PURA 39.169): amended application filed (Ensign added)
“On March 13, 2026, Crusoe, Goodnight, and Ensign (collectively, the applicants) filed an amended application adding Ensign as a co-applicant”
Utility regulator · Oct. 2026 · grade A
system impact study: ERCOT study report filed
“ERCOT's resource adequacy analysis identified negative impacts to planning reserve margins over the next five years that range from -0.6% in 2026 to -0.2% in 2030”
Utility regulator · Oct. 2026 · grade A
net metering order: arrangement APPROVED with six conditions
“The Commission approves the net metering arrangement, conditioned upon the terms imposed by this Order”
Utility regulator · Oct. 2026 · grade A
net metering application (PURA 39.169): application filed (notice to ERCOT same date)
“On January 9, 2026, Crusoe and Goodnight jointly filed an application requesting approval”
Utility regulator · Oct. 2026 · grade A
net metering application (PURA 39.169): amended application filed (Ensign added)
“On March 26, 2026, Goodnight and Crusoe filed an amended application to add Ensign as an applicant”
Utility regulator · Oct. 2026 · grade A
system impact study: ERCOT study report filed
“ERCOT's resource adequacy analysis identified negative impacts on planning reserve margins over the next five years that range from negative 0.63 percentage points in Spring 2026”
Utility regulator · Oct. 2026 · grade A
net metering order: arrangement APPROVED with conditions
“In the present proceeding, Crusoe is developing a second AI data-center, with a 260-MW load, which will be operated by Ensign (Crusoe Two)”
Utility regulator · Oct. 2026 · grade A
air quality permit application (NSR / PSD / GHG PSD): application submitted
“This application was submitted to the TCEQ on January 30, 2026”
State agency · Oct. 2026 · grade A
air quality permit notice: Amended NORI issued; application administratively complete, technical review opened
“The executive director has determined the application is administratively complete and will conduct a technical review of the application”
State agency · Oct. 2026 · grade A
building registration (TABS): Llano Building 1 registered; status Review Complete
“Project Name: Llano Building 1; Project Number: TABS2025026455; Current Status: Review Complete”
State agency · Oct. 2026 · grade A
Public Utility Commission of Texas (open meeting): Docket No. 58881, order approving the Crusoe One / GOODNIT1 net metering arrangement
“the parties agreed to waive the 20-day notice requirement for this Order, so as to allow the Commission to properly consider this matter at the open meeting currently scheduled for April 17, 2026”
Utility regulator · Oct. 2026 · grade A
FAA OE/AAA determination (mobile crane, PROJECT LLANO): Determined - No Hazard
“"PROJECT LLANO" | Mobile Crane | AGL 370 | 35.02715364,-101.30346977 | submitted 06/30/2026 | Determined - No Hazard”
FAA · June 2026 · grade B
PUCT net metering docket: administratively complete (Order No. 7)
“In Order No. 7 filed on March 17, 2026, the Administrative Law Judge (ALJ) found the application administratively complete.”
State agency · March 2026 · grade B
Air quality permit + PSD permit + GHG PSD permit (NSR preconstruction): application (amended NORI issued Feb. 11, 2026; no preliminary decision posted as of Oct. 19, 2026)
“This application would authorize construction of the Goodnight Data Center located at 10001 Lima Road, Claude, Armstrong County, Texas 79019”
State agency · Feb. 2026 · grade B
PUCT net metering arrangement application (PURA 39.169): filed (joint application by Crusoe and Goodnight)
“On October 24, 2025, Crusoe and Goodnight jointly filed an application requesting approval of a proposed net metering arrangement between Crusoe's large load and Goodnight's stand-alone generation resource, GOODNIT1”
State agency · Oct. 2025 · grade B
state directive: TCEQ directed to halt data-center permit issuance
“Governor Abbott Directs TCEQ To Halt Data Center Permits (Sept. 21, 2026)”
News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
Two state gates now sit on this campus: (1) TCEQ may not issue the pending 182880 air permit while the governor's halt runs (until the ERCOT audit completes, ~mid-Dec 2026); (2) ERCOT energisation of new large-load data
“Governor Abbott Directs TCEQ To Halt Data Center Permits (Sept. 21, 2026)”
News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
At the Chapter 312 amendment hearing the county attorney described the campus as possibly shrinking from seven buildings (~350 acres, 3.5M sq ft) to three or four buildings, superseded for the physical build by six TDLR
“The project, originally envisioned as a seven-building campus covering roughly 350 acres, may now include only three or four buildings”
News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
Armstrong County Commissioners Court: Amended, restated, consolidated Chapter 312 tax abatement agreement with GN DC1, LLC (Crusoe Goodnight campus)
“Armstrong County commissioners voted unanimously Tuesday to approve an amendment to Crusoe Energy's tax abatement agreement for its planned artificial intelligence (AI) data center project south of Claude”
News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
TDLR TABS construction filings (Llano Buildings 3 and 4): filed (Jul 2026, per DCD's account of the filings)
“The latest two buildings to be filed for are Buildings 3 and 4, both with an estimated construction cost of $500 million. The facilities will span 805,380 sq ft”
News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
State air quality permit: application filed; no issuance or startup record found as of Oct 20, 2026
“Those findings establish a proposed source of power, rather than a confirmed supply contract.”
News report · Sept. 2026 · grade C

Site and other (22)

Campus name: Goodnight Data Center (Goodnight Campus)
“This application would authorize construction of the Goodnight Data Center located at 10001 Lima Road, Claude, Armstrong County, Texas 79019”
State agency · Oct. 2026 · grade A
Address: 10001 Lima Road, Claude, TX 79019
“Location Address: 10001 Lima Rd, Claude, TX 79019, Location County: Armstrong”
State agency · Oct. 2026 · grade A
County code: Armstrong County, TX (48011)
“the Goodnight Data Center located at 10001 Lima Road, Claude, Armstrong County, Texas 79019”
State agency · Oct. 2026 · grade A
Developer: Crusoe Energy Systems LLC
“Crusoe has developed an artificial-intelligence (AI) data-center complex located in Armstrong County”
Utility regulator · Oct. 2026 · grade A
Owner of record: GN DC1 LLC
“Owner Name: GN DC1 LLC; Owner Address: 10001 Lima Road, CLAUDE, Texas 79019; Contact Name: John Enslen”
State agency · Oct. 2026 · grade A
Stage verified: building (vertical construction)
“New approx. 484,954 SF 1 story Data Center. New approx. 300 SF Guard House. New approx. 2,400 SF Fire Pump building”
State agency · Oct. 2026 · grade A
Building 1 sq ft: 484954 sq ft
“Square Footage: 484,954 ft 2; Type of Work: New Construction; Current Status: Review Complete”
State agency · Oct. 2026 · grade A
Verdict stage: building
“New approx. 484,954 SF 1 story Data Center; Current Status: Review Complete”
State agency · Oct. 2026 · grade A
County code: 48011
“"County":{"FIPS":"48011","name":"Armstrong County"}”
State agency · Oct. 2026 · grade B
Groundbreaking date: June 2025
“We broke ground in June 2025 and are building at the same swift pace we set in Abilene”
Company · Oct. 2026 · grade B
Cooling: closed-loop, non-evaporative liquid cooling
“The project will utilize a closed-loop, non-evaporative liquid cooling system, which is designed to significantly limit the facility's water footprint to primarily domestic uses”
Company · Oct. 2026 · grade B
More than 5,500 skilled labourers on site daily per the developer (Sep 2026)
“Construction broke ground in June 2025 and is underway, with more than 5,500 skilled laborers on-site daily”
Company · Oct. 2026 · grade B
Developer: Crusoe
“Crusoe, the AI factory company, today announced it is the developer of Google's data center campus under construction in Armstrong County outside of Amarillo.”
Company · Sept. 2026 · grade B
Groundbreaking: June 2025
“We broke ground in June 2025 and are building at the same swift pace we set in Abilene.”
Company · Sept. 2026 · grade B
Cooling: closed-loop, non-evaporative liquid cooling
“The project will utilize a closed-loop, non-evaporative liquid cooling system, which is designed to significantly limit the facility's water footprint to primarily domestic uses”
Company · Sept. 2026 · grade B
Project status: under construction (broke ground Jun 2025; foundations/shell stage; first Google handovers targeted early 2027 per trade coverage)
““Building the future of AI requires a new kind of infrastructure, starting with energy. Crusoe's strategy is to build AI factories directly at the source of abundant, low-cost energy”
Company · Sept. 2026 · grade B
Buildings filed tdlr: 6 buildings
“the campus is set to span at least six single-story buildings”
News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
A fire broke out near the construction site in March 2026, causing Crusoe to partially evacuate the site
“In March of this year, a fire broke out near the construction site, causing Crusoe to partially evacuate”
News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
Total filed building area across the six TDLR-filed buildings = 4,191,430 sq ft (2 x 484,955 + 4 x 805,380), computed from DCD's summary of the filings; Building 1's 484,954 sq ft is verified directly on TDLR TABS
“four of the buildings will span 805,380 sq ft (74,822 sqm) each, while two are set to total 484,955 sq ft (45,054 sqm) each”
News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
Project alias: Project Llano
“The campus is also known as Project Llano and has been filed for under Crusoe affiliate GN DC1, LLC.”
News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
Buildings planned: at least 6 single-story buildings (4 x 805,380 sq ft; 2 x 484,955 sq ft)
“According to filings with the Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation, four of the buildings will span 805,380 sq ft each, while two are set to total 484,955 sq ft each.”
News report · Oct. 2026 · grade C
Construction workforce: more than 5,500 skilled laborers on site daily at the Armstrong County campus (Crusoe, Sep 2026, via Baxtel's account of the announcement).
“Construction began that June, and more than 5,500 workers are on site daily.”
News report · Sept. 2026 · grade C